Effects of Hand Reflexology on Physiological Emotional Responses and Immunity in the Patients with Chronic illness; Chronic renal failure patients and Cancer patients / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of hand reflexology on the physiological?emotional responses and immunity of the patients with chronic illness. This study looked specifically at patients with chronic renal failure(CRF) and cancer patients. METHOD: This study was designed as a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group pre and post test. Subjects were 54 patients who received dialysis and chemotherapy in one hospital. Thirty-one patients were assigned to the experimental group and 23 to the control group. The hand reflexology was applied to both hands of the experiment group for ten minutes each time, 5 times during three days. For data collection, physiological lab levels, immune cells of blood and questionnaires for emotional responses were measured before and after the program. RESULT: BT of the experiment group was decreased significantly on both of the 1st and the 5th application. PR and BP were decreased significantly on the 1st times, but not 5th times. Hb levels of the experimental group were significantly increased. And emotional responses, vigor and mood scores of the experiment group were significantly increased. B cell and CD19 were increased significantly on the experiment group. Suppressor T cell and NK cell showed significant decrease after the program, but no significant differences between the groups. CONCLUSION: We have found that the hand reflexology helps the chronic patients to improve physiological emotional responses and the immune reaction. Through this result, the hand reflexology is effective as a intervention of psychoneuroimmunologic function.

A Study on the Effects of EMR on Nursing Documentation / 대한의료정보학회지

To improve the quality of nursing care, we developed and evaluated a Electronic Medical Record (EMR) program designed to maximize productivity and efficiency in our nursing documentation system. Five computerized documentation forms, the clinical observation record, medication, nursing treatments, nursing records, and admission assessment were developed by a nursing informatics team over 5 months and implemented on a cardiovascular unit. In the EMR program, nurses access and record required documentation at the patients besides with a laptop computer instead of using conventional chart. Four categories of data were compared before and after operating EMR program; the time spent in direct patient care, the time spent in nursing documentation, nurses' s job satisfaction, and patients' satisfaction. The result showed a statistically significant increase in the time spent in direct patient care after implementation of EMR system, as well as a decrease in the time spent in nursing documentation. Nurses job satisfaction was increased and patients' satisfaction was decreased, but both were not significant statistically.

ANALYSIS OF PORCELAIN SURFACE ROUGHNESS POLISHED BY VARIOUS TECHNIQUE / 대한치과보철학회지

This study was designed to compare the smoothness by glazing method with that by polishing method after 48 specimens of Ceramco II block, one of porcelain materials used for PFM, were baked according to the manufacturer's directions. The specimens were roughened with new green stone at 15,000rpm for 30 seconds and sandblasted with 25microliteraluminum oxide for 15 seconds. They were divided into 4 groups at random, and 4 groups were prepared as follows : Group I : specimens were autoglazed and overpolished with polishing system. Group II specimens were polished with only polishing system. Group IIIspecimens were glazed after adding glazing liquid, vitachrom "L"-fluid (vita zahnfabrik co. Germany) to the rough surface Group v : specimens were just autoglazed Using the surface roughness tester, Ra, Rmax, and Rz were estimated 5 times per specimen, and recording process of mean value was repeated 3 times. The results were as follows : 1. The Ra of group I and group IIwas lower than group IIIand group IV (p001). 5. The roughness was increase in order of group I,II,III,IV in SEM

Studies on lactic dehydrogenase activities in developmental stages of fertilized eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides

The lactic dehydrogenase activities of Ascaris lumbricoides have been assayed according to the developmental course of the fertilized eggs compared with the unfertilized eggs. Experimental procedures were modified that of Wroblewski and La Due's method with use of diphosphopyridine nucleotide reduced form(DPNH). Sodium pyruvate and lactic dehydrogenase, the specific activities were expressed as DPNH unit per mg protein by method of Kornberg's. The experimental results are as follaws: Lactic dehydrogenase activity in fertilized eggs of Ascaris are significantly increased from morula stage and its optimal pH is in 3.4 degrees. While any activities were not observed in unicell stage of fertilized eggs and unfertilized eggs. Water soluble protein of fertilized eggs of Ascaris were varied in their amount during their developmental process. The amont of protein in tadpole stage eggs have increased to 1.3 times more than that of cleavage stage eggs. However the amounts of water soluble protein in unfertilized eggs are revealed to one-third less than that of fertlized eggs. The specific activity of lactic dehydrogenase in tadpole stage eggs are decreased to one third less than those of morula stage eggs during development, the stage is considered to be as a growth criteria in developmental process, as on this point the activity of aerobic cytochrome c oxidase and cyclophorase begin to increase respectively.

A Study of Clothings for Cold Prevention: Protective Effects of viny1 Sheet against Wind / 예방의학회지

Three combinations of cloths were evaluated for the protective effects of different kinds of clothings in cold environments. Table 1 shows tile components of tile three models of clothings. A prototype was made by putting a sheet of vinyl at the middle layer of raw cotton in a fabric-quilt cloths. A glove mannequin was covered by each of these cloths. The globes contained 1,000 cc of hot water about 40 degrees C. Tele-thermisters were fixed in order to check the temperature of cloths space and water temperature for evaluation of caloric-loss and climate of clothings. Results are summarized as follows : 1) Without wind, there is no significant difference of air temperatures between ski-parka and quilt wear clothing. 2) The prototype with vinyl sheet best protects against wind, the next is the ski-parka. Quilt-wear protects the least. 3) It is well-known that a working-clothing needs not have any separate liners nor outers. 4) For innermost layer of a clothing preventing cold, a cotton-fabrics is recommended and a water-proof cloths for outer layer. 5) Heat-loss was calculated from the cooling degrees of water. Calorie-loss was 910ca1/m2/hr. when bared, but with the prototype of vinyl sheets the calorie-loss was 350cal/m2/hr. (38.5% of bared). Quilt-wear and ski-parka were 380(41.8%) and 440 cal/m2/hr. (48.4%) respectively.