Hereditary Macular Degeneration which Involved A Brother and Sister of One Family

Hereditary macular degeneration is characterized by bilateral degenerative changes in the macular area without a simultaneous degeneration in the central nervous system. This hereditary macular degeneration was first described by Rayner Battern in 1897. Since then, not only this degeneration but also many other types of hereditary macular degeneration have been described. In 1940, Behr classified macular degeneration into six types: Infantile, Juvenile, Adolescent, Adult, Presenile, Senile types. In 1973, Hughes classified this degeneration, by electro-and psychophysiologic evidence, as; 1) Progressive cone degeneration mainly affecting the photoreceptors; 2) Stargardt's disease or fundus flavimacultus type II; 3) Best's disease or vitelliform degeneration probably affecting primarily the basal portion of the pigment epithelium cells; 4) Doyne's or hereditary drusen affecting Bruch's membrane; and 5) Central choroid sclerosis affecting the choriocapillaries. Upon reviewing the literatures relating to this disease, two case reports have been included here of hereditary macular degeneration without apparent cause which involved a brother and sister of one family.

Relationship Between Visual Acuity and Refractive Error in Myopia

The purpose of this study is to present quantitative data showing the relationship between visual acuity and refractive error in the various types of myopia: simple myopia, simple myopic astigmatism and compound myopic astigmatism. 1. The study covered 681 patient (1259 eyes) examined by having refractive error in myopia. (-0.25 ~ -20.00D) the Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University Medical Center and Wonju Christian Hospital. 2. Plotting the logarithm of visual acuity on the logarithm of the degree of myopia gives a coefficient correlation of -0.8028. The statistical data showed significant in correlation coefficient (r) in various types of myopIa: simple myopia r=-0.7789(p=0.001), simple myopic astigmatism r=-0.7877(p=0.001), compound myopic astigmatism r=-0.7537(p=0.001). 3. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.6445. 4. The mathematical mean of the various types of myopia: a. myopIa; simple myopia: 0.29(=20/60), simple myopic astigmatism: 0.87(=20/25), compound myopic astigmatism: 0.29(=20/60). b. visual acuity; simple myopia: -2.53D, simple myopic astigmatism: -0.50D, compound myopic astigmatism: -3.04D. 5. The formulas for the two regression line were: log V=-0.7385 log M-0.4976 (A)(F=2175.7303, p=0.001), log M= -0.8727 log V -0.3641 (B)(F=2175.7303, p=0.001). 6. Confidence limits were determined for the regression lines and table and set up for predicting either the degree of myopia or the visual acuity if the other is known.

Juvenile Disc Herniation / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Disc herniation is commonly thought to be disease of young and middle aged adult and the backache during adolescence and childhood frequently mislead the doctor to suspect other conditions such as epiphysitis, spondylolysis, and infection of vertebral column, etc. During the period of 1967~1977, 26 cases of juvenile disc herniation were collected at Catholic Medical College and the authors analysed these cases and the results are as follows. 1. The incidence was 3.4% of all disc herniation. 2. There was no sex predilection. 3. The clinical symptoms do not differ from that of the adult cases, but sensory disturbance and motor weakness appear less frequently. 4. Good result was obtained after the surgical removal of the involved disc. 5. The etiology of the disc herniation in childhood and adolescence is thought to be superimpositon of trauma over the preceding degenerative changes in disc.

A Case of Neurofibromatosis with Pulsating Exophthalmos

The authors have experienced a case of neurofibromatosis with pulsating exephthlmos of the left eye of a 15 year old Korean boy. Skull P-A showed wider left orbital cavity and absence of greater and lesser wings of the left aphenoid bone. Pathologic examination was performed with biopsy which was taken fro upper lid of the left eye and conformed neurofibromatosis. The literatures relating to this disease were briafly reviewed.