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Objective To evaluate the effect of Xiaoyaosan and Shengmaiyin combined with conventional western medicine for xerophthalmia.Methods A total of 76 xerophthalmia patients who met the criteria were divided into two groups according to random number table,with 38 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine western medicine,while the observation group was treated with Xiaoyaosan combined with Shengmaiyin on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.Before and after treatment,the symptoms were scored,and the tear film stability was evaluated according to the results of fluorescent test (FL),breakup time of tear film (BUT) and schirmer Ⅰ test (SIT).The contents of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in tear were detected by ELISA,and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results The total effective rate was 92.9％ (65/70) in the observation group and 76.4％ (55/72) in the control group,and there was significant difference between the two groups (Z=-2.991,P=0.002).After treatment,the SIT (6.9 ± 0.8 mm vs.4.3 ± 0.5 mm,t=3.751),BUT (10.5 ± 1.6 s vs.6.4 ± 0.8 s,t=4.228) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05).The FL score (0.9 ± 0.1 vs.1.4 ± 0.2,t=3.208) in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The scores of aningeresting,foreign body sensation,visual fatigue,photophobia and visual blur in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (t were 3.559,4.015,4.119,3.983,4.120,all Ps＜0.05).The levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in tear were significantly lower than those in control group (t were 11.887,8.028,8.112,all Ps＜0.001).Conclusions The Xiaoyaosan combined with Shengmaiyin can improve tear film stability,relieve local ocular surface inflammation and improve clinical symptoms in patients with xerophthalmia.
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Objective To study the effect of Buyang-Huanwu decoction on incidence of macular edema, visual acuity and serum VEGF, IL-6 levels after operation in diabetic cataract patients. Methods A total of 46 post-operative patients with diabetic cataract were randomly divided into two groups. The control group was treated with pranoprofen eye drops combined with tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops, and the study group was treated with Buyang-Huanwu decoction combined with Salviae Miltiorrhizae and Ligustrazine Hydrochloride injection based on the control group. The central subfield mean thickness (CSMT) at baseline before operation and 1d, 1w, 4w, 8w, 12w after operation, corrected vision at 0w, 1w, 6w, 12w, serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) before and after treatment of two groups were observed, and the incidence of macular edema was analysed. Results The CSMT of study group at 8 w (226.35 ± 9.88 μm vs. 214.74 ± 9.27 μm, t=2.118) and 12 w (233.57 ± 11.25 μm vs. 213.62 ± 10.13 μm, t=2.258) after operation were significantly lower than those of control group (P＜0.05). The best corrected visual acuity of study group at 6 w (4.61 ± 0.32 vs. 4.82 ± 0.25, t=2.0460 and 12 w (4.57 ± 0.29 vs. 4.79 ± 0.24, t=2.180) after operation were significantly higher than those of control group (P＜0.05). The levels of VEGF (174.31 ± 45.63 pg/ml vs. 83.65 ± 24.47 pg/ml, t=4.145) and IL-6 (27.25 ± 9.21 pg/ml vs. 15.24 ± 3.14 pg/ml, t=3.829) of study group were significantly lower than those of control group (P＜0.05). The incidence of macular edema at 8 w and 12 w after operation in study group were respectively 0.0% and 2.9% (1/35), and the control group were 16.2% (6/37) and 21.6% (8/37). The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusions The Buyang-Huanwu decoction in treatement of post-operation patients with diabetic cataract could reduce the incidence of macular edema and improve the visual acuity.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the difference between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic fluoroquinolones(FQNLs)in?ducing resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(Kpn)in vitro.METHODS:Hydrophilic ciprofloxacin(CIP)and hydrophobic sparfloxacin(SPFX)were used to induce FQNLs resistant mutants from a clinical susceptible isolate Kpn909with stepwise selection method,respectively,The susceptivity of bacteria to was determined by the standard method of two fold agar dilu?tion.RESULTS:The resistance of Kpn909to FQNLs was raised up gradually as FQNLs'concentration increased;Minimum inhibitory concentrations(MICs)of Kpn9098Selected by CIP at2?MIC(0.5mg/L)were16～32times higher than that of Kpn909,and showed resistant to ofloxacin(OFX),lomefloxacin(LMFX)and enofloxacin(ENX)with a MIC of8mg/L,16mg/L and8mg/L.Otherwise,SPFX-selected Kpn with a similar resistant level occurred at the concentration of8?MIC(1mg/L).The maximal selecting concentration of CIP and SPFX were128mg/L and64mg/L,and MIC of5FQNLs to the resistant mutants obtained at which were≥256mg/L and32～128mg/L,respectively.CONCLUSION:Both hydrophilic CIP and hydrophobic SPFX could induce Kpn the cross resistance to others FQNLs,but hydrophobic FQNLs may be superior to hydrophilic FQNLs to delay the resistance occurrence in Kpn.
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Objective To survey the antimicrobial resistance of nosocomial Klebsiella Pneumoniae (Kpn) isolates. Methods All the 68 Kpn strains were isolated and collected from nosocomial infections during April 2002 to March 2003. The susceptivity of bacteria and the production of extended spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBLs) were determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test and phenotypic confirmatory testing, respectively. Results All 68 Kpn strains were 100% susceptible to Menopenem and Imipenem but resistant to 14 other antimicrobials to different degrees. The first five drugs of high resistant rate were ampicillin (100%), amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (79.4%), sulphamethoxazole/trimothoprim (67.6%), cefotaxime (58.8%), gentamycin (47.0%). There were 28 isolates producing ESBLs (41.2%), which showed much higher resistance to ?-lactam, aminoglycosides, quinolones and sulphamethoxazole/trimothoprim than the non-ESBLs-producing strains. Conclusion Nosocomial Kpn isolates were most multidrug resistant, of which ESBLs-producing strains showed a higher resistance and which may involve other resistant mechanisms.