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Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of children with respiratory viruses in zhongs-han ,Guangdong to provide evidence for the diagnosis of respiratory virus infections in children .Methods 55 240 cases were collected in a hospital from November 25 ,2011 to September 30 ,2016 ,Influenza virus(IFA , IFB) ,parainfluenza virus (PIV1 ,PIV2 ,PIV3) ,respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and adenovirus (ADV) were detected by direct immunofluorescent ,and analyzed the results .Results The positive rate of virus infection in 55 240 children was 23 .25%,of which RSV 53 .75%,IFA 13 .83%,ADV10 .81%,PIV3 10 .77%,IFB 6 .49%, PIV1 2 .37%,PIV2 1 .14% and mixed infection 0 .84% .There were statistical significance between male and female (P＜0 .05) .The positive rates of virus infection in children 0- ≤1 years and 1- ≤3 years were higher than those in the other age groups ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) .The positive rate of RSV was higher in both age groups (71 .92%,46 .23%) The positive rate of these 7 viruses infection in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) , and the positive rate of RSV was the highest .The positive rate of these 7 viruses patients with bronchitis was higher than that of the other patients ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) and in 108 patients with mixed infections ,the most cases was patients with RSV (90 cases) .Conclusion The main pathogen is RSV .The infection rate of children under 3 years old is the highest .Winter and spring are the high incidence of respiratory virus infection in children in Guangdong zhongshan district .
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Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile of the Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated from respiratory tract of children in Zhongshan Boai Hospital, Guangdong Province for better management of such infections. Methods The sputum samples were collected from respiratory tract of children in pediatric outpatient and inpatient from May 2013 to August 2017. S. pneumoniae strains were isolated and identified and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agentswas determined. Results The prevalence of S. pneumoniae was 10.6％ (2 963/28 006) in the sputum samples. S. pneumoniae was mainly isolated from children under 6 years old, and relatively higher in winter and spring. About 43.0％ of the S. pneumoniae isolates was associated with mixed infection, especially Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae. About 6.0％ of the S. pneumoniae isolates were non-susceptible to penicillin, 59.3％ non-susceptible to ceftriaxone, and more than 95％ non-susceptible to erythromycin, clindamycin or tetracycline. However, more than 95％ of the isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol or ofloxacin. No S. pneumoniae isolate was found resistant to rifampin, linezolid or vancomycin. Conclusions The respiratory tract infection caused by S. pneumoniae of children is increasing year by year, which is associated with age, season, and higher rate of mixed infection. These data showed that penicillin non-susceptible S. pneumoniae is highly prevalent in Zhongshan. More than 95％ of the S. pneumoniae isolates from children are resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin or tetracycline. S. pneumoniae isolates should be closely monitored for the emergence of multidrug resistant strains. Appropriate control measures must be taken according to the results of susceptibility testing.
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Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of chil-dren in Zhongshancity from 2011 to 2015 and provide etiological evident for the prevention and control of Hand -Foot -Mouth Disease of children in Zhongshan city. Methods We analyzed the data of children with Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease in Zhongshan Boai 's Hospital from 2011 to 2015. The enterovirus nucleic acid of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseaseof children were detected. Results Atotal of 31164 cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease were diagnosed in Zhongshan Boai′s Hospital during 2011-2015,the ratio of male to female was 1.62:1. Every year,the peak inci-dence of the disease is not the same. During 2011-2015,there were 10147 cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseaseof children,among which,through viral nucleic acid EV71and CoxA16testing,2062 cases were positive and the positve rate was 20.32%. Pathogen of Hand-Foot-Mouth Diseasewas mainly based on EV71 in 2011,2012, 2013and2015,accounting for the total positive rate of 79.04%,72.46%,81.60%,73.73%respectively;Pathogen of Hand -Foot -Mouth Diseasewas mainly based on Cox16 in 2014,accounted for 54.47% of the total positive. In different years EV71 and CoxA16 positive rate was significant different.There were 1982 cases repeated Hand-Foot-MouthDiseaseinfectioins .Conclusion The incidence of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of children is related to age , sex and season in Zhongshan city. It is mainly based on clinical diagnosis ,the preventive measures and the clinical recognition in time to provide help for the treatment and control of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease of children.
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Objective To study the correlation between serum lipids and thyroid function after withdrawn of thyroid hormone in the patients with differentiated thyroid cancer .Methods One hundred and thirty cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma treated by operative therapy in our hospital form August 2014 to August 2015 were selected .Serum FT4 ,TSH ,FT3 ,triglyceride ,total cho-lesterol ,LDL-C ,HDL-C indexes were detected before discontinuation of levothyroxine sodium (L-T4) ,before operation and 3 weeks after drug withdrawn .Thus the correlation between blood lipid levels and thyroid function was analyzed .Results The HDL-C and the TSH level was positively related before operation (P0 .05);the blood lipid levels after medication withdrawn had no obvious correlation with thyroid function (P>0 .05);the total cholesterol levels after medication discontinuation had negative correlation with FT 3 and FT4 levels(P<0 .05);HDL-C was nega-tively correlated with FT3 and FT4 levels(P<0 .05) ,and positively correlated with TSH level (P<0 .05);LDL-C was negatively correlated with FT4 (P<0 .05) .Conclusion When the application treatment of thyroid hormone is suspended ,with the TSH level increase ,the HDL-C level has somewhat elevation ;total cholesterol ,HDL-C and LDL-C levels are negatively correlated with FT 3 and FT4 ,after discontinuation of medication withdrawn ,the blood lipids metabolism abnormality is closely related with thyroid function decline .
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Objective To investigate the effect of up‐regulation and down‐regulation of HSPC238 on the RB gene mRNA and pRb protein .Methods PcDNA3 .1‐HSPC238 vector and PLL3 .7‐HSPC238 vector was transiently transfected into HepG2 cells re‐spectively .The level of RB mRNA was detected by real‐time PCR and pRb was detected by Western blotting .Results The level of RB mRNA and pRb in up‐regulation group both increased compared with control grops respectively .Conversely ,the level of RB mRNA and pRb in up‐regulation group both decreased compared with control grops respectively .Above results were all statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion HSPC238 could have a positive effect on the expression of the RB gene .
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Objective To investigate the relationship between homocystine (Hcy) ,methylenetetra hydrofolate reductase(M T H-FR) C677T and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM ) .Methods A total of 91 GDM cases(GDM group) and 123 cases with normal pregnancy(control group) were detected for the C677T polymorphism of M T HFR and serum levels of Hcy and glucose .Results Serum Hcy level in GDM group was remarkable higher than that of control group (P< 0 .05) .Hcy level was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose ( P < 0 .05) .The genotype frequencies (CC ,CT ,TT ) of M T HFR C677T in GDM group and control group were with significantly difference(P< 0 .05) .Hcy was significantly higher in women with C677T TT genotype than those with CC genotype(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Hcy could be related to GDM .The mutation of M T HFR might affect serum Hcy level , and be involved in the occurrence and development of GDM .
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Objective To investigate the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation value of neutrophil elastase (NE) in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted.The data of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation admitted to Department of Central Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Boai Hospital of Zhongshan City Affiliated to Southern Medical University from September 2012 to October 2015 were enrolled.The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they suffered from VAP or not.The content of NE in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) at the time of mechanical ventilation start,VAP diagnosis (the worst value from 48 hours after mechanical ventilation start to weaning in non-VAP patients),and at the time before mechanical ventilation weaning,as well as inflammation parameters,clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS),duration of mechanical ventilation and prognosis were recorded.Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive value of NE on VAP diagnosis and prognosis.Results Finally 38 patients were enrolled in the VAP group,and 40 in non-VAP group,and baseline data was similar between the two groups.There was no significant difference in the content of NE in serum and BALF between VAP group and non-VAP group [serum NE (μg/L):67.04 (63.00,75.75) vs.69.00 (63.75,75.00),BALF NE (μg/L):96.26 (85.26,176.01) vs.95.26 (86.76,107.11),both P ＞ 0.05].From continuous monitoring,no significant change in the content of NE in serum and BALF during mechanical ventilation was found in the non-VAP group,but the content of NE in serum and BALF at the time of VAP diagnosis in VAP group was significantly higher than that at mechanical ventilation start [μg/L:157.00 (153.04,165.75) vs.67.04 (63.00,75.75),178.04 (153.00,188.25) vs.96.26 (85.26,176.01),both P ＜ 0.05],and NE content in serum and BALF was significantly decreased at the time after VAP clinical recovery and before mechanical ventilation weaning [μg/L:75.67 (64.51,110.55) vs.157.00 (153.04,165.79),95.50 (66.56,183.02) vs.178.04 (153.00,188.25),both P ＜ 0.05].The NE in the start time of VAP in VAP group was divided into four groups according to quartile,it was found that with the increase of NE content in serum and BALF,the CPIS was increased,the duration of mechanical ventilation was prolonged,and the prognosis was poor (all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with non-VAP group,white blood cell count (WBC),neutrocyte proportion,C-reactive protein (CRP),and procalcitonin (PCT) in VAP group were significantly increased (all P ＜ 0.01).NE in BALF was significantly positively correlated with WBC,neutrocyte proportion,CRP and PCT (r value was 0.507,0.432,0.779,and 0.519,respectively,all P =0.000),among which the highest correlation was CRP.NE in BALF used for VAP diagnosis has good accuracy,with sensitivity of 87.4％,and specificity of 90.6％,and sensitivity and specificity of NE in serum for VAP diagnosis was 78.6％ and 79.2％ respectively.Conclusion NE can be used as one of the indicators for VAP diagnosis,and it is related to the prognosis of VAP.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between serum 1 ,25‐hydroxy vitamin D3 concentration level and children with bronchial asthma .Methods 222 children with bronchial asthma treated in paediatrics of Zhongshan Boai hospital from 2012 Jan 2014 Dec were chosen as asthma group(A) ,while 223 cases of healthy children were selected as control group(C) .Electro‐chemical luminescence method was used to detect the serum level ,and its effect on asthma was disscussed .Results The concen‐tration of serum 1 ,25‐hydroxy vitamin D3 of asthma group (86 .30 ± 27 .70 nmol/L) was low than the control group ( 93 .39 ± 27 . 15nmol/)L .Serum levels of asthma group in different age groups (A1 ,A2 and A3) were 106 .87 ± 28 .28 nmol/L ,88 .98 ± 20 .65 nmol/L ,68 .38 ± 19 .23 nmol/L respectively ,While those of control groups were (110 .00 ± 22 .30) nmol/L ,(87 .36 ± 24 .42) nmol/L ,(21 .23 ± 16 .42) nmol/L respectively .Male and female serum level in asthma group were (88 .26 ± 27 .73)nmol/L and (81 .94 ± 26 .91)nmol/L respectively .While those of control group were(91 .91 ± 26 .57)nmol/L and (85 .69 ± 28 .04) nmol/L re‐spectively .Conclusion There is significant correlation between serum 1 ,25‐hydroxy vitamin D3 level and children with bronchial asthma .,yet no correlation between serum level and gender .1 ,25‐hydroxy vitamin D3 duficiency is one of the risk factors of chil‐dren asthma .
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum α-L-fucosidase (AFU)in primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC)by using the meta analysis method.Methods The databases of Cochrane Library,PubMed,web of knowledge(Medline,BIOSIS Pre-views),Springer link and Science Direct were retrieved from January 1997 to December 2013.The domestic databases of CBMdisc (Chinese BioMedical Literature on disc),CNKI,Wangfang and VIP(VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals)were retrieved from January 1984 to December 2013.Retrieval languages were limited to Chinese and English.The related literatures on the study of serum AFU diagnostic value for PHC were collected and the included studies meeting the inclusion criteria were performed the quality assessment.The meta-Disc 1 .4 software was adopted to conduct the analysis for comprehensively evaluating serum AFU value in the diagnosis of PHC.Results 20 articles were included (15 articles in Chinese and 5 articles in English).A total of 2 114 cases in the patients groups and 5 718 cases in the control groups were analyzed.The heterogeneity test was carried out on the in-cluded 20 articles,suggesting that the heterogeneity of the included studies was caused by the non-threshold effect,so the random effects model was selected for conducting the meta-analysis.And the pooled sensitivity was 0.77,the pooled specificity was 0.87, the pooled positive likelihood ratio was 5.37,the pooled negative likelihood ratio was 0.28,the pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 20. 47 and the SROC area under the curve(AUC)was 0.87.Conclusion Serum AFU has highly sensitivity and specificity for the diag-nosis of PHC and has reference value for its clinical diagnosis.
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Objective To understand the carrying status and drug resistance of streptococcus agalactiae in the genital tract of pregnant women.Methods The vaginal discharge from pregnant women was collected for conducting the bacterial culture.The iso-lated streptococcus agalactiae was performed the identification and the drugs susceptibility test by the VITEK 2 fully automatice bacterial identification analyzer.Results Among 1 042 samples,streptococcus agalactiae was isolated in 6 cases with the separation rate of 5.4%.The drug sensitivity test showed the Streptococcus agalactiae was highly sensitive to penicillin,cefazolin,vancomycin, linezolid and nitrofurantoin.The intermediate strains or drug resistant strains were not found.The sensitive rate to levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and clindamycin,erythromycin,tetracycline were 84.0%,84.0%,71.4%,39.3% and 8.9% respectively.Conclusion The carrying rate of streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women is not high in our hospital.Penicillin and cefazolin should be as the drug of first choice for therapy and the clincal and laboratory nould payattention to detection of streptococcus agalactiae in pregnant women.
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Objective:To construct the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3.1-MT2A and to investigate the cellular localization of MT2A protein in 293T and SMCC7721cell lines.Methods: Gene synthesis method was used to synthetic gene MT2A,added a Kozak sequence and His tag sequence at the N-terminus,the amplified target gene was connected to the pcDNA3.1(+) vector which was double digested between the BamH Ⅰ and Not Ⅰ.After transformation to E.coli DH5α, the positive clones were picked for plasmid extraction then Electrophoretic and sequenced.The pCDNA3.1-MT2A plasmids which passed through electrophoretic and sequenced were transfected 293T and SMMC7721 cell lines by liposome method,and then observed their expression and localization in eukaryotic cells by laser confocal microscopy.Results: The recombinant plasmid pCDNA3.1-MT2A was confirmed by restriction analysis and DNA sequencing,the sequence of the target gene MT2A was entirely correct,eukaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed and cell lines which had transfected recombinants could see the expression of green fluorescent protein in the cytoplasm.Conclusion:Successfully constructed fusion gene of pCDNA3.1-MT2A and expressed in eukaryotic cells,we found that the MT2A was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of 293T and SMMC7721 cell lines.The findings can help us to lay the foundation for the functions of MT2A in hepatoma cells.
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Objective To evaluate the significance of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) culture in diagnosis and treatment of childhood bacterial meningitis(BM).Methods Clinical data were collected and the etiology,laboratory results,treatment and disease prognosis were analyzed in children with positive CSF culture during Jan 2011 to Dec 2012 in our hospital.Results A total of 43 organisms were detected from CSF,13 cases of which were clearly diagnosed as BM.The coagulase negative staphylococcus was isolated most frequently (51.2％,22/43),meanwhile,CSF routine examination and biochemical test were abnormal in only 1 case.All results of blood cultures were negative.All cases were cured without changing antibiotics according to the drug sensitive test.Four strains of Streptococcus agalactiae,2 strains of Streptococcus pneumohiae and 4 strains of gram-negative bacilli were separated.Routine examinations of all CSF were abnormal in most cases,the CSF biochemical tests were abnormal and blood cultures were positive.Conclusion Coagulase negative staphylococcus separated in most CSF is contaminated bacteria.Streptococcus agalactiae,Streptococcus pneumoniae and gram-negative bacilli separated in CSF have important diagnostic value in BM.Diagnosis of BM should be combined with CSF culture,routine examination,biochemical test,blood culture results and clinical manifestations,then we can avoid unnecessary usage of antibiotics.