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This study was aimed to discuss the relations between relieving depression and benefit findings for advanced cancer patients.A total of 80 advanced cancer patients with the anxiety / depression assessment of more than 7 points and less than 15 points,were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group,in comprehensive hospitals.Finally,76 cases were included with 39 cases in the intervention group,and 37 cases in the control group.The progressive muscle relaxation training (PMRT) was used in the control group.Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) special technique (i.e.,TCM five-element musicotherapy plus PMRT) was used in the intervention group.The reduced fraction of the Benefit Finding Scale (BFS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used in the effect evaluation after 8-week intervention.The results showed that after 8-week treatment,the reduced fractions of BFS and HADS in the intervention group were obviously higher than the control group with statistical significance.The variation tendencies of BFS and HADS in the intervention group were obviously higher than the control group with statistical significance.There were 8 individual values in BFS of the intervention group were higher than the control group with statistical significance.It was concluded that the benefit findings for advanced cancer patients were related to the application of TCM special techniques,can improve the levels of benefit findings among advanced cancer patients.It enriched and perfected the depression regulation plan of cancer patients by TCM special techniques.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>We explored the expressions of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways and their significance in the repair process of alveolar bone defects by establishing animal models with a composite of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to repair bone defects in the extraction sockets of rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 36 two-month-old male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, and the left mandibular incisors of all the rabbits were subjected to minimally invasive removalunder general anesthesia. BMSC-PRF compounds, single PRF, and single BMSC were implanted in Groups A, B, and C. No material was implanted in Group D (blank control). The animals were sacrificed at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery, the bone defect was immediately drawn, and the bone specimens underwent surgery after four, eight, and twelve weeks, with three rabbits per time point. The expressions of Notch1 and Wnt3a in the repair process of the bone defect were measured via immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence detection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of Notch1 and Wnt3a in Groups A, B, and C were higher than that in Group D at the fourth and eighth week after operation (P<0.05). By contrast, the expressions of Notch1 and Wnt3a in Group D were higher than those in Groups A, B, and C at the twelfth week (P<0.05). Immunofluorescence showed that the expressions of both Notch1 and Wnt3a reached their peaks in the new bone cells of the bone defect after four weeks following surgery and gradually disappeared when the bone was repaired completely.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Notch1 and Wnt3a signaling molecules are expressed in the process of repairing bone defects using BMSC-PRF composites and can accelerate the healing by regulating the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs. Moreover, the expressions of Notch and Wnt are similar, and a crosstalk between them may exist it.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rabbits , Alveolar Bone Grafting , Methods , Blood Platelets , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Biology , Bone Transplantation , Methods , Bone and Bones , Congenital Abnormalities , Cell Differentiation , Fibrin , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation , Methods , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Random Allocation , Receptor, Notch1 , Metabolism , Tissue Engineering , Wnt Signaling Pathway , Wnt3A Protein , Metabolism , Wound HealingABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:The periodontal ligament stem cels can promote periodontal tissue regeneration, providing a new way for the treatment of periodontitis. OBJECTIVE:To observe the inflammatory microenvironment effects on the biological properties of periodontal ligament stem cels. METHODS: Periodontal ligament stem cels from healthy controls and patients with periodontitis were primarily cultured by tissue digestion method, purified using limited dilution method, and identified through detection of CD146 and STRO-1. Then, passage 3 cels were taken and denoted as normal control and inflammation groups folowed by osteogenic induction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Purified cels from two sources both expressed STRO-1 and CD146. Periodontal ligament stem cels in the inflammation group showed higher multiplication capacity, but the osteogenesis ability was lower compared with the normal control group. The expressions of Runx2 mRNA and Osterix mRNA were dropped significantly after the stimulus of tumor necrosis factor-α (P < 0.05), but the interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 did not have a significant impact. Tumor necrosis factor-α at 0.1 and 1 μg/L had no significant effects on the expression of Runx2 mRNA, but the expression of Runx2 mRNA was decreased significantly after treatment with 10 μg/L tumor necrosis factor-α (P< 0.05). It is confirmed that the molecular signaling mechanism inside the periodontal ligament stem cels is changed under inflammatory microenvironment, so that the differentiation capacity of cels from the inflammatory sources is lowered. Moreover, tumor necrosis factor-α is one of the key factors and its optimalconcentration is 10 μg/L.
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BACKGROUND:Stem cels from the apical papila are a new kind of mesenchymal stem cels, and whether it can be used in root regeneration is the key to the present study. OBJECTIVE:To culture rat stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem celsin vitro, and to compare the biology behaviors of these two kinds of cels, thereby providing experimental basis for the application of stem cels from the apical papila in root regeneration. METHODS:The apical papila, as wel as the periodontal ligament tissues from the healthy mandibular teeth of young rats were digested and cultured. Immunophenotypes of stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem cels were detected by immunofluorescence technique. Then, cel growth curves were determined by MTT method and mineralized nodule formation was observed by alizarin red staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem cels were both positive for STRO-1. Stem cels from the apical papila were positive for CD90 and weakly positive for CD146. Periodontal ligament stem cels were positive for CD146 and weakly positive for CD90. The absorbance values of stem cels from the apical papila and periodontal ligament stem cels increased with the increasing of time and became stable at 8 days. Since the 4th day, the proliferation capacity of stem cels from the apical papila was significantly stronger than that of periodontal ligament stem cels (P < 0.05). Both of stem cels are visible to have mineralized nodule formation. Compared with the periodontal ligament stem cels, stem cels from the apical papila were stained obviously deeper and had more mineralized nodules. These results show that stem cels from the apical papila have stronger proliferation capacity and mineralization ability than periodontal ligament stem cels. Cite this article:Zhao L, Yu L, Yuan P, Zhou CM, Wu PL.Stem cels from the apical papila versus periodontal ligament stem cels: biological behaviors. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2016;20(1):113-117.
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Objective To describe the profile of patients with infective endocarditis (IE) and assess prognostic factors of IE.Methods Clinical and etiology data of 218 patients with IE were collected retrospectively from January 2011 to January 2013.The distribution and antimicrobial susceptibilities of pathogens causing IE were evaluated.Prognostic factors associated with IE were determined by univariate and multivariate regression analysis.Results There were 148 men and 70 women with age of (46.0 ± 14.6)years.Ninety-five (43.6％) of them had heart diseases,including 72 cases (33.0％) of congenital heart disease and 23 cases (10.6％) of chronic rheumatic heart disease.Vegetations were detected by echocardiography in 171 (78.4％) patients.Microorganisms causing IE were identified in 84 cases (38.5％) cases.Streptococcus viridans was the dominant pathogen,accoumed for 63.1％ of all the pathogens,followed by Staphylococcus (13.1％) and Enterococcus (4.8％).Totally 7/11 Streptococcus viridans was susceptible to penicillin,while 100％ susceptible to the third and fourth generation cephalosporins,vancomycin and linezolid.One hundred and eighty cases underwent operations.The in-hospital mortality rate of IE was 3.2％.In univariate regression,health care-associated infection,prosthetic valve,anemia and chest symptoms (distress or pain) were related to the increased risk of mortality in patients with IE,while surgery appeared to be a protective factor.In the logistic regression model,the variables significantly associated with IE prognosis were health care-associated infection (OR =17.03,95％ CI 1.76-164.75,P =0.014) and anemia (Hb ＜ 90 g/L) (OR =13.47,95％ CI 2.46-73.60,P =0.003) and surgery treatment (OR =0.17,95％ CI 0.03-0.97,P =0.047).Conclusions Although Streptococcus viridans is the most common pathogen causing IE,the pathogens of IE become versatile.The antibacterial activity of penicillin against Streptococcus viridans is low.Health care-associated infection and anemia are risk factors of IE prognosis,while surgery treatment is a protective factor of severe IE.
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Objectives To investigate the prevalence of heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus(hVISA) and the sensitivity of hVISA to novel antibiotics,and to explore the risk factors and infection attributable mortality associated with hVISA infection.Methods A total of 456 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were isolated in Zhongshan Hospital from January,2008 to November,2010.All MRSA isolates were investigated for hVISA by two agar screening methods BHIA5T (brain-heart infusion containing teicoplanin 5 mg/L)or BHIA6V (brain-heart infusion containing vancomycin 6 mg/L),as well as macroEtest method(MET).Possible hVISA isolates were tested by modified population analysis profile-area under the curve (PAP-AUC).The minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of vancomycin,teicoplanin and linezolid were determined by microbroth dilution as recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI).The contribution difference between hVISA and vancomycin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) in different MIC range was compared.A retrospective case-control study of the patients with hVISA infection or VSSA infection was carried out and statistical analysis was performed using t test,Mann-Whitney test,x2 test and Fisher exact test.Results A total of 105 isolates of hVISA were screened by BHIA5T and BHIA6V (23.0％) with other 23 isolates by MET(5.0％) and 21 by PAP-AUC(4.6％).All isolates were 100％ sensitive to vancomycin,teicoplanin and linezolid.The vancomycin MIC [(1.76 ±-0.16) mg/L] in hVISA group was significantly higher than that in VSSA group[(1.09 ± 0.07)mg/L,P ＜ 0.01],which was a potential risk factor for hVISA infection.The retrospective study showed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was also a risk factor for hVISA infection of the lower respiratory tract.No significant difference in infection attributable mortality was showed between the hVISA group and the VSSA group.Conclusions The overall prevalence of hVISA in Zhongshan Hospital is estimated as 4.6％,while the prevalence of hVISA isolated from blood is as high as 12.5％.All isolates are 100％ sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid.COPD is a risk factor for hVISA infection of the lower respiratory tract.
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The purpose of this study is to find out anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT)/protease (PR) activity and inhibition of virus replication in cell cultures of novel coumarin analogs and determine their structure-activity relationship. Coumarin derivatives have been demonstrated to inhibit the activity of HIV-1 RT/PR in cell free system. It also shows inhibition effects to HIV-1 replication in cell culture. Based on the Chinese traditional pharmacological characteristics and protein three dimension computer aided design, analogs of tetracyclic dipyranocoumarin were synthesized from natural leading compounds. We studied the relationship of antiviral effects and chemical structures via HIV-1 PR/RT enzyme models and cell culture model system. Seven compounds were designed and tested. Several compounds showed anti-HIV-1 activity in varying degrees, especially V0201 showed much higher anti-HIV-1 activity with 3.56 and 0.78 micromol x L(-1) of IC50 against HIV-1 PR/RT and 0.036 micromol x L(-1) against HIV-1 replication in PBMC cultures. V0201 with a novel structure may be a new leading compound. These new compounds are valuable for development of new anti-HIV drugs in the future.
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Objective To investigate the genotype of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB) acquired from intensive care units (ICUs) environment in Shanghai hospitals and to evaluate the gene homology of CRAB isolated from patients and environment in ICUs in Shanghai hospital.Methods Sixty-one CRAB isolated from ICUs environment in Shanghai hospitals and 14 strains isolated from ICUs patients in S hospital were typed by REP-PCR based DiversiLab system.Results There were 7 types of the CRAB isolated from ICUs environment in Shanghai hospitals.Type G1 was the dominant type,accounting for 75.4％ of all CRAB,mainly in 13 hospitals in Shanghai.The percentage of the 7 types CRAB strains were 75.4％,13.1％,3.3％,1.6％,1.6％,3.3％ and 1.6％,respectively.Except for 1 strain of type G6 isolated in D hospital,type G1 CRAB was identified in every hospital which was isolated CRAB.There were 25 strains isolated from patients and environment in S hospital ICUs,which were divided into 4 types.Type G1 was the dominant type mainly distributed in SICU and CICU,including 9 from patients and 8 from environment.The distribution diagram of environmental and patients' strains indicated that the patients in adjacent bed isolated G1 CRAB in SICU and a patient in CICU and its surrounding environment both isolated G1 CRAB.Conclusion Type G1 is the dominant type in ICUs environment in Shanghai hospitals.There are inter-hospital transmission of CRAB in ICUs environment and highly homology of CRAB isolated from patients and environment in ICUs in Shanghai hospitals.Active surveillance of infection and colonization by CRAB,together with implementation of enhanced control strategies should be taken to eradicate CRAB in ICU environment.
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Objective To investigate distribution and antimicrobial resistance among nosocomial pathogens from 13 teaching hospitals in China in 2009. Methods Non-repetitive pathogens from nosocomial BSI, HAP and IAI were collected and sent to the central lab for MIC determination by agar dilution method.WHONET5.6 software was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 2 502 clinical isolates were collected. The top three pathogens of BSI were Escherichia coli [27. 1% (285/1 052 )] , coagulase-negutive staphylococcus [12. 6% ( 133/1 052)] and Klebsiella pneumoniae [10. 8% ( 114/1 052)]. The top three pathogens of HAP were Acinetobacter baumannii [28. 8% (226/785)], Pseudomonas aeruginosa [16. 1% (126/785)] and Klebsiella pneumoniae [14.6% (115/785 )] . The top three pathogens of IAI were Escherichia coli[31.0% ( 206/665 )], Klebsiella pneumonia [11.3% ( 75/665 )] and Enterococcus faecium [10. 8% (72/665)]. Against Escherichia coil and Klebsiella spp. , the antimicrobial agents with higher than 80% susceptibility rate included imipenem and meropenem (98. 1%-100% ), tigecycline (95.3%-100% ), piperacillin-tazobactam ( 88.6% -97. 1% ) and amikacin ( 88. 3% -92. 5% ). Against Enterobacter spp. , Citrobacter spp. and Serratia spp. , the susceptibility rates of tigecycline were 93.5% -100% whereas the value of imipenem and meropenem were 92.9% -100%. Other antimicrobial agents with high activity included amikacin ( 85.2% -96. 7% ), pipcracillin-tazobactam ( 82.4% -96.4% ), cefepime ( 79. 6% -96. 7% ) and cefoperazonc-sulbactam (78. 7%-90. 0% ). Polymyxin B showed the highest susceptibility rateagainst Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 100% ), followed by amikacin ( 81.9% ) and piperacillin-tazobactam (80.1% ). Polymyxin B also showed the highest susceptibility rate against Acinetobacter baumannii (98. 8% ), followed by tigecycline (90. 1% ) and minocycline (72. 0% ). The incidence of carbapenemresistant Acinetobacter baumannii was 60. 1%. The MRSA rate was 60. 2% and the MRSCoN rate was 84. 2%. All Staphylococcus strains were susceptible to tigecycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid except for one isolate of Staphylococcus haemolysis with intermediate to teicoplanin. Two Enterococcus faecalis isolates which were intermediate to linezolid and one Enterococcus faecium isolate which was resistant to vancomycin and teicoplanin was found in this surveillance, while the MICs of tigecycline against these three isolates were 0. 032-0. 064 μg/ml. Conclusions Tigecycline, carbapenems, piperacillin-tazobactam,amikacin and cefepime remain relatively high activity against nosocomial Enterobacteriaceae. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibite high susceptibility to polymyxin B, while Acinetobacter baumanni shows high susceptibility to polymyxin B and tigecycline. Tigecycline, vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid remain high activity against nosocomial gram-positive cocci.
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Objective To further elucidate the CT characteristics and diagnostic approaches to non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis. Methods The histories of forty-two pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) patients diagnosed in Zhongshan Hospital from 2003 -2008 were collected and analyzed for demography data, underlying conditions, clinical symptoms, chest CT and diagnostic studies. Results None of the 42 PC patients had avian or its feces contacting history, and 71.4% (30/42) of them were immunocompetent. The most frequent CT lesions were multiple nodules (67. 9% ) with peripheral predominance (67. 9% ), and cavitations (50%) often presented within them. Masses/consolidation (31.4%) and patching lesions (2. 9% ) could exist occassionally. Positive detection rates of non-aggressive examinations including sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and bronchofibroscope aspiration were 4. 3%, 8. 3% and 6. 3% respectively, while those of aggressive approaches including transbrunchial lung biopsy (TBLB), thin needle aspiration biopsy (TNAB) and pneumonectomy by surgery were 64. 7%, 64. 3% and 100% respectively. Non-aggressive serum cryptococcus antigen test was performed in 14 patients who had been diagnosed by histopathology or pathogen culture, and all of them were positive. Conclusion Our study suggests that PC is common in immunocompetent population. Avian or its feces contacting is not so important as used opinion to PC differential diagnosis. CT characteristics of PC are diversiform and always change very slowly. Besides the most frequent multiple nodules with subpleural predominance, pulmonary lesions can present as masses, consolidation or patchings. Aggressive techniques such as TBLB and TNAB are benefit to clinical diagnosis of PC, and non-aggressive serum cryptococcus antigen test may be promising for its early diagnosis as well as clinical course follow-up and therapeutic effect evaluation.
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An improved and practical synthesis of racemic 11-demethylcalanolide A [(±)-1] was developed. This improved process involved Pechmann reaction on phloroglucinol with ethyl butyrylacetate to give 5, 7,-dihydroxy-4-n-propylcoumarin(3). Poly phosphoric acid (PPA) catalyzed acylation of compound(3) with crotonic acid, then intramolecular cyclization was achieved simultaneously in one step to afford the key intermediate chromanone(4). A microwave assisted synthetic method preparing chromene(6) using chromenynation of chromanone(4) with 1, 1-diethoxy-methyl-2-butene was conducted. Luche reduction of chromene(6) using NaBH<,4> with CeCl3·7H2O preferably gave (±)-1. The overall yield of this four step synthesis of (±)-1 was around 32% increasing one fold more than that of the previous method. An in vitro investigation showed that (±)-1 exhibited inhibitory activities against both wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 in HIV-1 RT and cell culture assay, and significant synergistic effects in combination with AZT, T-20, and indinavir. Its LD50 of acute toxicity in mice by intragastric administration and by intraperitoneal injection were 735.65mg·kg-1 and 525.10mg·kg-1, respectively. The C<,max> and AUC<,0-∞> were 0.54μg·mL-1 and 1.08(μg·mL-1)·h, respectively. The dynamics study of the inhibition of mice sera on HIV-1 RT showed that mice treated with 100mg·kg-1 (±)-1 once intraperitoneally were similar to that of 5mg·kg-1 of known clinical effective anti-HIV-1 drug neverapine. The results suggested that further investigation of the anti-HIV candidate (±)-1 was warranted.
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OBJECTIVE To compare the disinfection effect of 3MTM object surface disinfectant(3M disinfectant) with that of chlorine-containing disinfectants in ICU environment. METHODS The floor, instrument panel board, ward bed tables,computer key boards and telephone keyings were sampled respectively before disinfection, 15 minutes and 4 hours after disinfetion in six ICUs. The bactericide rate of 3M disinfectant and chlorine-containing was compared. RESULTS In the 96 specimens collected, 26 from ward bed tables(48.15%)and 22 from instrument panel board, computer key boards and telephone keyings (26.83%)excede the standard of Ministry of Health(
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0.05).BD-P bottles need less detection time in bottles containing ciprofloxacin,?-lactam antibiotics and vancomycin(P