ABSTRACT
Objective:In order to explore the impact of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)on the hospitalization of children with bronchiolitis and to improve clinicians′ understanding of the characteristics of bronchiolitis during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:This was a multicenter clinical study, and the data have been collected from 23 children′s medical centers in China.All the clinical data were retrospectively collected from children with bronchiolitis who were hospitalized at each study center from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021.The results included gender, age at hospitalization, length of stay, respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) test results, severity rating, ICU treatment, and the total number of children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection during the same period.The clinical data of children with bronchiolitis in 2019 before COVID-19 epidemic and in 2020、2021 during COVID-19 epidemic were statistically analyzed and compared.Results:According to a summary of data provided by 23 children′s medical centers, there were 4 909 cases of bronchiolitis in 2019, 2 654 cases in 2020, and 3 500 cases in 2021.Compared with 2019, the number of bronchiolitis cases decreased by 45.94% in 2020 and 28.70% in 2021.In 2019, 2020 and 2021, there were no significant differences in gender ratio, age, and duration of hospitalization.Compared with 2019, the ratio of bronchiolitis to the total number of hospitalizations for respiratory tract infection decreased significantly in 2020 and 2021( χ2=12.762, P<0.05; χ2=84.845, P<0.05).The proportion of moderate to severe bronchiolitis cases in both 2020 and 2021 was lower than that in 2019, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.054, P<0.05; χ2=8.109, P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of bronchiolitis cases requiring ICU treatment between 2019, 2020, and 2021 ( χ2=1.914, P>0.05).In 2019, a total of 52.60%(2 582/4 909) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and among them, there were 708 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.00%.In 2020, 54.14%(1 437/2 654) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 403 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.04%.In 2021, 66.80%(2 238/3 500) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 935 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 41.78%.Compared with 2019 and 2020, the RSV positive rate in 2021 showed a significant increase( χ2=99.673, P<0.05; χ2=71.292, P<0.05). Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic, the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures reduced the hospitalization rate and severity of bronchiolitis, but did not reduce the positive rate of RSV detection.
ABSTRACT
Hypoxia inducible factor(HIF)is a key factor in the regulation of oxygen homeostasis, and its expression level is mainly influenced by oxygen concentration in the adaptation of the body to chronic hypoxia, with which many pediatric diseases are closely associated.The response to hypoxia can be altered by HIF and its mediated downstream signaling pathways, in addition to epigenetic modifications such as regulation of overall methylation or histone modification levels to adapt to hypoxic environments.Previous studies have shown that the transcriptional activity and stability of HIF are interrelated with various histone modifications including methylation/demethylation, hydroxylation, deacetylation, phosphorylation, and lactylation, which makes the study of epigenetic modification correlation deserves to be explored in depth as an important potential target for regulating HIF expression levels.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the clinical diagnostic value of combined detection of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) galactomannan (GM) for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in children with non-neutropenia.Methods:An analysis was made on 100 children with non-neutropenia suspected of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in the respiratory ward of the Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2019 to March 2020. All of them were tested by serum and BALF GM tests as well as sputum and BALF culture for fungi. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of serum and BALF GM in the diagnosis of IPA in non-neutropenic children were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of serum and BALF GM tests for IPA in children with non-neutropenia.Results:The recruited 100 cases included one confirmed case, 85 clinically diagnosed cases and two suspected cases, while the 12 cases were excluded. The accuracy and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of serum and BALF GM tests used alone and in combination in the clinical diagnosis of IPA in non-neutropenic children were 29.0% (95%CI: 20.1%-37.9%), 75.0% (95%CI: 66.5%-83.5%) and 81.0% (95%CI: 73.3%-88.7%), respectively. The AUC and 95%CI were 0.645 (95%CI: 0.513-0.778), 0.785 (95%CI: 0.644-0.926) and 0.819 (95%CI: 0.681-0.953), respectively.Conclusions:The combined detection of serum and BALF GM was better than a single indicator in the clinical diagnosis of IPA in non-neutropenic children, suggesting the combined detection was of great value in clinical diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Acute lung injury is an inflammatory pulmonary disease with complex pathogenesis, frequently resulting in systematic hypoxia.As a central regulator modulating cellular oxygen levels, hypoxia reducible factor-1α affects the development of acute lung injury, which also has been gaining focus as a potential therapeutic target of acute lung injury.Therefore, hypoxia reducible factor-1α is a pivotal factor while understanding the pathogenesis and exploring the therapeutic approach of acute lung injury.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To study the role of serum E-selectin and P-selectin in pathogenesis of severe Mycoplasma pneumonia pneumonia(MPP), and to evaluate their value in early clinical recognition of severe MPP.Methods:The clinical data of 87 MPP patients in the Respiratory Ward of Capital Institute of Pediatrics Children′s Hospital between December 2017 and October 2018 were collected.Children were divided into the mild group(37 cases)and the severe group (50 cases) according to the severity of the disease.There were 20 males and 17 females in the mild group, with the age of (7.62±2.02) years.There were 17 males and 33 females in the severe group, with the of (6.97±2.41) years.Serum E-selectin, P-selectin and related inflammatory indicators were measured and compared between the two groups, and their correlation with severe MPP was analyzed.The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was also conducted.Results:The length of stay [(8.46±2.53) d vs.(5.19±1.20) d, P<0.001], C-reactive protein(CRP)[(23.05±37.05) mg/L vs.(15.06±13.79) mg/L, P=0.001], lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)[(342.50±186.00) U/L vs.(284.44±64.82) U/L, P<0.001], procalcitonin(PCT)[(0.19±0.26) μg/L vs.(0.15±0.14) μg/L, P=0.012], serum ferritin(SF)[(197.33±429.43) μg/L vs.(124.60±66.30) μg/L, P<0.001], D-Dimer [(539.00±576.00) μg/L vs.(226.00±170.50) μg/L, P<0.001], E-selectin [(2.36±4.22) μg/L vs.(0.86±0.20) μg/L, P<0.001] and P-selectin [(4.15±4.40)μg/L vs.(1.72±1.22) μg/L, P<0.001] in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild group.There was no statistical difference in the white blood cell (WBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR). CRP, LDH, SF, D-Dimer, E-selectin and P-selectin were statistically correlated with severe MPP(all P<0.05), while WBC, PCT and ESR were not statistically correlated with severe MPP.The areas under ROC of CRP, LDH, SF, D-Dimer, E-selectin and P-selectin were all greater than 0.5, and the area under ROC of E-selectin was the largest, followed by that of P-selectin(both>0.8). Conclusions:Severe MPP may lead to excessive inflammatory reactions in the body.E-selectin and P-selectin possibly play an important role in this process, and can act as good indicators for early recognition of severe MPP.
ABSTRACT
Recurrent respiratory tract infection affects children all over the world, but its causes and pathogenesis still remain unknown.In recent years, the scientific community has been focusing on its correlation with the gut microbiota, that has been paid significant interest on in the field of pediatrics.In this review, we summarized the mechanism of how gut microbiota influence the body and the lung, the connection between recurrent respiratory tract infection and gut microbiota, and the advances of treatment using probiotics, which would provide a reference for further studies.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE： To determine and compare the contents of catalpol and aucubin in different parts （root， stem， leaf and flower） of wild Centranthera grandiflora， and to provide reference for the selection of medicinal parts and source development. METHODS： HPLC method was used to determine the contents of catalpol and aucubin in root， stem， leaf and flower of wild C. grandiflora， and the contents of different parts were analyzed comparatively. The determination of catalpol was performed on Agilent TC-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1％ phosphoric acid （1 ∶ 99， V/V） at the flow rate of 1 mL/min； the detection wavelength was set at 210 nm， and sample size was 20 μL. The column temperature was 35 ℃； the determination of aucubin was performed on SPHERI-5RP-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water （3 ∶ 97， V/V） at the flow rate of 1 mL/min； the detection wavelength was set at 205 nm， and sample size was 20 μL； the column temperature was 25 ℃. RESULTS： The linear range of catalpol and aucubin were 0.061 5-3.321 and 0.000 36-0.216 mg/mL （all r＝0.999 9）. The limits of detection were 0.016 and 0.007 μg/mL. The limits of quantitation were 0.052 and 0.023 μg/mL. RSDs of precision， stability （24 h） and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.00％ （n＝6）. The average recoveries were 99.34％ and 99.61％， and RSDs were 1.06％ and 1.12％， respectively （n＝6）. The average content of catalpol in root， stem， leaf and flower wild C. grandiflora were 1.609， 3.030， 11.095 and 1.921 mg/g， respectively. The contents of aucubin in different parts were 0.441， 0.020， 0.005 and 0.006 mg/g，respectively. CONCLUSIONS：The established HPLC method meets the requirements of quantitative analysis. Catalpol is mainly distributed in the leaves of wild C. grandiflora， and aucubin is mainly distributed in the roots of wild C. grandiflora. The experimental conclusion provides a reference for the reasonable selection of different medicinal parts as raw materials to develop medicine with different efficacy.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the differences of clinical characteristics and leukotrienes (LTs) level of bronchiolitis children infected with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human rhinovirus (HRV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV), and provide clinical evidence for the treatment of bronchiolitis with LTs receptor antagonist (LTRA) montelukast.@*Methods@#Totally 90 children with bronchiolitis hospitalized from January 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled into this study and viral nucleic acid from respiratory tract specimens were detected; and the patients were divided into three experimental groups: RSV group, HRV group and hMPV group. The clinical data and LTs level in blood and urine of experimental groups were compared; 30 healthy children were enrolled as the control group.@*Results@#There were no significant differences in age, sex, weight, family history and past history of allergy among the three experimental groups. The LTs levels in the experimental groups were higher than that of control group (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between the LTs levels in blood and urine (r=0.723, P<0.05). In RSV group, LTs level of was the highest, lung function was the worst, and clinical score was the highest, and significantly different from those of HRV group and hMPV group (all P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference between HRV group and hMPV group. The number of days with fever of RSV group and hMPV group were not significantly different, but both were higher than that of HRV group (all P<0.01). The number of days with cough and wheezing among experimental groups had no significant difference(all P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#The bronchiolitis children infected with RSV had the highest LTs level, the worst lung function and the highest clinical score, there was significant difference when compared with HRV group and hMPV group.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To invetigate the use of targeted anticancer drugs in our hospital during 2011-2013 to provide reference for the clinical rational drug use. Methods:The utilization of anti-tumor molecular targeted drugs in our hospital during 2011-2013 was retrospectively analyzed in respect of consumption sum, DDDs and DDC. Results:The proportion of consmption sum of anti-tumor mo-lecular targeted drugs in the total consumption sum was increased year by year, and that in 2012 and 2013 was over 60%. Protease ki-nase inhibitors accounted for 41. 29%-73. 41% in the consumption sum of anti-tumor molecular targeted drugs; monoclonal antibody accounted for 19. 40%-30. 88%; the other drugs accounted for 7. 19%-27. 83%. The consumption sum and the number of receiving medication patients of rituxan and cetuximab were not synchronized well, and the patients were born the higher cost. Conclusion:The use of anti-tumor molecular targeted drugs in our hospital is increased year by year, and the oral administration of anti-tumor molecular targeted drugs is with especially wide application.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the expression of AIF, CYT C, PAF-1, caspase-3, and XIAP in Sprague-Dawley rats with spontaneous mammary neoplasms.Methods One-hundred and thirty 3-4-week old SPF Spargue-Dawley rats (♀∶♂=1∶1) were fed in a specific pathogen free (SPF) breeding barrier for 60 weeks.The occurrence of spontane-ous breast tumors was recorded and histopathology was performed to identify the types of tumors.The rats were divided into 3 groups:rats with normal breast tissue ( group I) , with benign tumors ( group II) and with malignant tumors ( group III) . The expression of AIF, CYT C, APAF-1, caspase-3 and XIAP proteins and mRNAs were detected by immunhistochemistry ( IHC) and RT-PCR assay.Results Among these 130 SD rats, 14 rats were observed having spontaneous mammary neo-plasms with the incidence rate of 10.77%(14/130).In these neoplasm cases, 7 cases were mammary fibroadenomas, 7 cases of breast carcinoma, both with an incidence rate of 5.38%.Immunohistochemistry showed that, compared with the group I, the positive expressions of AIF, APAF-1, caspase-3 were decreased significantly (P<0.01), and the CYT C and XIAP expressions were significantly increased in the group II.The positive expression of all genes except XIAP was de-creased in the group III(P<0.01).Compared with the group II, APAF-1 and XIAP were significantly higher in the group III (P<0.01), and the positive expression of AIF, Cyt C, and caspases-3 were significantly decreased (P<0.01).In the results of RT-PCR assay, except APAF-1 which showed significant correlation with the results of immunohistochemistry ( P<0.05 ) , all the others showed an extremely significant correlation with immunohistochemical results ( P <0.01 ) . Conclusions Mammary tumors are most common spontaneous neoplasms in SD rats.Abnormal expression of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway-related factors AIF, CytC, APAF-1, caspase-3, and XIAP are correlated with the carcinogenesis and de-velopment of breast tumors.
ABSTRACT
Doctor-patient communication could assist in medical diagnosing , strengthening the confidence of patients and relieving psychological pressure of the medical staff , so that it plays an indispensable role in the process of building a harmonious doctor -patient relationship .Improve the system of doctor -patient communica-tion, set up the third-party supervition of mediation system , convert the mode of thinking with a positive attitude , improve communication skills , correct use communication methods , strengthen the humanistic care and knowledge popularization .Therefore , under the medical model of people-oriented, it should shorten the distance between the doctors and the patients with heart and soul and gradually establish a new harmonious doctor -patient relation-ship with mutual respect , mutual trust , equal communication and cooperation .
ABSTRACT
To report the clinical course of 5 cases of pediatric plastic bronchitis and review the related literature.A total of 113 cases of pediatric plastic bronchitis occurring in China from 2000 to 2012 were retrieved through the databases of CNKI and Wanfang Med Online.Retrospective analyses were performed for the main symptoms,courses,etiologies,imaging findings,histopathological classifications,therapies and prognosis of 118 cases.Pediatric plastic bronchitis was one of critical diseases.Most of them had a rapid onset and a mortality rate.Bronchoscopy examination was essential for definite diagnosis and effective treatment.Airway management and chest physiotherapy were primary adjuvant tools.Early diagnosis and bronchoscopic treatment might result in improved prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Limited by the imaging principle of whole body bone SPECT image, the gray value of bladder area is quite high, which affects the image's brightness, contrast and readability. In the meantime, the similarity between bladder area and focus makes it difficult for some images to be segmented automatically. In this paper, an improved Snake model, GVF Snake, is adopted to automatically segment bladder area, preparing for further processing of whole body bone SPECT images.
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Bone and Bones , Diagnostic Imaging , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Models, Anatomic , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , Methods , Urinary BladderABSTRACT
In this paper, BP neural network is used to segment whole body bone SPECT image so that the lesion area can be recognized automatically. For the uncertain characteristics of SPECT images, it is hard to achieve good segmentation result if only the BP neural network is employed. Therefore, the segmentation process is divided into three steps: first, the optimal gray threshold segmentation method is employed for preprocessing, then BP neural network is used to roughly identify the lesions, and finally template match method and symmetry-removing program are adopted to delete the wrongly recognized areas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Bone and Bones , Diagnostic Imaging , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted , Methods , Neural Networks, Computer , Pattern Recognition, Automated , Methods , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon , Whole Body ImagingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the utilization and tendency of TCM injections in our hospital, and to provide reference for clinical use of drugs. METHODS: Based on hospital database, the category, consumption sum and DDDs of TCM injections in our hospital during the period of 2005～2008 were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: The proportion of consumption sum of TCM injections in the total consumption sum from 2006 to 2008 were 13.06%, 9.33%, 9.97%, 9.08% respectively. The consumption sum of TCM injections was increased year by year. Stasis-removing agent for cardio-cerebral-vascular system took up the first place in the list of category of drugs, comsunption sum and DDDs. CONCLUSION: TCM injections are widely applied in our hospital. The utilization structure of TCM injections is the reasonable basically. But great importance should be attached to the safety and effectiveness of TCM injections and reasonable choice.
ABSTRACT
To solve the problems in the materials,spirit and abiligy of the students from the article poor family,claims to construct a fire-new university students subsidizing system from the trinity of ‘subsidize,encourage,quality development’ by the three sides:the multi-funding channels,multi-dimensional motivational strategies and diverse quality development training,aiming at enhancing the effect of the funded job in high school.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the compatible stability of cefpiramide sodium for injection with metronidazole in-jection.METHODS:Content,color and pH value of the mixed solution at different time within6hours after mixing under room temperature were monitored.RESULTS:There were no significant changes in content,color and pH value for the mixed solu-tion determined at different time within6hours after mixing under room temperature.CONCLUSION:The mixture of cefpi-ramide sodium with metronidazole injection can be used within6h after mixing.