ABSTRACT
Decision on mode of delivery (MOD) is a process involved by both clients and health care providers, based on specific clinical situations and women′s values. To help each woman obtain the best MOD is crucial for obstetric health professionals to provide women-centered high quality of care. There is a steep upward trend in cesarean sections in China due to the introduced advanced technologies, overused antenatal monitoring methods, flexible indications for cesarean sections, delayed childbearing ages and people′s misconceptions, etc.. Recently the conditional and comprehensive two-child policy have been implemented in China, which might initiate changes in fertility and birth intentions of many families, and in subsequent decisions on MOD. This review illustrates the pros and cons of MOD, decision process on MOD, influencing factors and strategies to promote decision on MOD, in order for the obstetric professionals to provide evidence-based best care for women and their families in the process of decision-making.
ABSTRACT
Objective To describe the depression of premature infants′ mothers and discuss the related influence factors. Methods A total of 86 premature infants′ mothers completed Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 3-days postpartum in this descriptive study during August 2014 to January 2015 in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University. Results The prevalence of postpartum depression in premature infants′ mothers was 25.6% (22/86). Educational levels, family support, character, and number of abortion of mothers, pregnancy complication, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, length of hospitalization, and birth with abnormalities of premature infants were found significantly associated with postpartum depression (P<0.05). By Logistic regression, family support (OR=3.253, 95% CI=1.180-8.966) and length of hospitalization (OR=2.905, 95% CI=1.418-5.952) were the risk factors of the postpartum depression at 3-days after delivery. Conclusions Premature infants′mothers at 3-days postpartum presented with obvious postpartum depression. Psychological intervention should be focused on its influence factors.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a three-stage standardized and systematic training program framework and indicator systems for clinical midwives.Methods Based upon literature review,Delphi technique was used to formulate index system and indicators for midwives' training program through tworound expert consultation among 29 experts.Results After two-round expert consultation,the response rates were 96.7％ and 100.0％,respectively.Experts' authority coefficient was 0.874.The training program framework consisted of a three-level index system.Average importance scores of the three-level indexes were 4.10 to 4.97,4.07 to 4.97,and 4.00 to 5.00,respectively.And their variance coefficients were 0.037 to 0.119,0.037 to 0.130,and 0 to 0.141,respectively.Then a progressive and integrated three-year standardized training framework and index system for clinical midwives was finally formed,which totally contained 5 first-level indicators or training modules,including professional competence and safety awareness,specialized and basic knowledge,specialized practical skills,emergency management,and basic capacity for teaching and research.Conclusions The three-level framework and indicators for clinical midwives' training program has been proved to be acceptable,reliable and scientific,thus providing a theoretical and referential basis for training clinical midwives and improving teaching quality.
ABSTRACT
Gene mutation of Candida albicans is one of the main causes for azole drug resistance. Different types of variation play different roles in promoting the process of drug resistance. ERG series of gene mutations primarily affect the ergosterol synthesis pathway. When the regulatory factors TAC1 for CDR1 gene and Mrr1 for MDR1 gene generate mutations, the expression level of drug efflux pump protein in Candida albicans may be changed. In addition, gene copy number variation is also gaining attention. Therefore, the research of mutation resistance-associated genes has a positive meaning to explore the mechanism of drug resistance in Candida albicans.