Uso de colgajos perforantes para el tratamiento de hidradenitis supurativa axilar y esternal graves / Use of perforator flaps for treatment of severe axillary and sternal hidradenitis suppurativa

Resumen Objetivo: Presentar una serie de reconstrucciones con colgajos perforantes en pacientes con casos severos de hidradenitis supurativa y sus resultados. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizaron 7 reconstrucciones axilares y un caso de reconstrucción esternal en 5 pacientes. Todos los pacientes correspondieron a la clasificación II o III de Hurley, y fueron derivados a nuestro servicio después de por lo menos un año de tratamiento médico sin obtener resultados. El equipo de cirugía plástica realizó tanto la resección como la reconstrucción en todos los casos. Los vasos perforantes fueron marcados con un dispositivo Doppler sonido. Resultados: Se obtuvo cobertura en todos los casos, con solo una pérdida parcial de colgajo que fue resuelta con curaciones. Tras un seguimiento de 26 meses, no hubo recidiva de hidradenitis supurativa. Todas las reconstrucciones evolucionaron con resultados funcionales óptimos. Conclusión: Los colgajos perforantes son una buena alternativa para el tratamiento de casos severos de hidradenitis supurativa, tanto esternal como axilar. Por esta razón, debe ser considerado en el armamento de cirujanos plásticos que traten esta enfermedad, una vez que el tratamiento médico haya fallado.

Abstract Aim: To present a brief series of reconstructions with perforator flaps in severe cases of hidradenitis suppurativa patients and results. Patients and methods: Seven axillary and one sternal case in five patients were operated on. All patients were in stage II or III according to Hurley classification, and were referred after at least one year of medical treatment with no satisfactory result. The plastic surgery team performed both, resection and reconstruction in all cases. Perforator vessels were marked using a handheld Doppler device. Results: One partial flap failure occurred, which healed with standard wound care. After a median follow up of 26 months, no relapse of hidradenitis suppurativa occurred. All reconstructions evolved with full functional results. Conclusion: Perforator flaps are a good choice in the treatment of severe cases of hidradenitis suppurativa, both sternal and axillary. It should be considered in the armamentarium of any plastic surgeon treating patients with this condition, once the medical treatment has failed.

Evaluación de la microcirculación con sidestream dark field (SDF) Microscan® como método de monitorización en microcirugía en modelo porcino / Microcirculation assessment with sidestream dark field (SDF) Microscan® as flap monitoring method in microsurgery in a porcine model

Objetivo: Determinar la factibilidad de la monitorización en microcirugía por medio de la evaluación no invasiva de la microcirculación con sidestream dark field (SDF) y compararla con otros métodos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio experimental. En 8 cerdos se elevó colgajo pectoral y se disecó pedículo. Se llevó a cabo una instalación sucesiva de dispositivos cutáneos para la evaluación de la microcirculación: SDF para evaluar flujo, y near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) para evaluar saturación de O2 (SatO2). Posteriormente se evaluó la oclusión venosa, arterial y total con pinzamiento durante 180 s. Resultados: SDF en oclusión venosa: disminución del flujo: 51 s (59-62); SDF en oclusión arterial: disminución del flujo: 3 s (1-5); SDF en oclusión vascular total: disminución del flujo: 3,5 s (2-5). NIRS en oclusión venosa: disminución de la SatO2:15,2 ± 5,3%; NIRS en oclusión arterial: disminución de la SatO2 23,9 ± 13,8%; NIRS en oclusión vascular total: disminución de la SatO2 23,85 ± 13,9%. Doppler en oclusión venosa: no desapareció; Doppler en oclusión arterial y oclusión vascular total: desapareció a los 2 s. En cada una de las mediciones, los cambios clínicos fueron más tardíos que los observados con SDF. Conclusión: Es factible la monitorización en microcirugía por medio de la evaluación de la microcirculación con Microscan®. Este método permite realizar el diagnóstico de oclusión vascular más tempranamente que con NIRS y evaluación clínica.

Aim: Determine the feasibility of using SDF Microscan® as a non-invasive method for monitoring free flap microcirculation, and compare it to other methods. Materials and methods: Experimental study. In 8 pigs a pectoral myocutaneous flap was raised. Microcirculation was evaluated using: SDF Microscan®, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), clinical examination and Doppler. Venous, arterial and total occlusion was performed by clamping the vascular pedicle. Mean time to blood flow impairment diagnosis was measured. Results: SDF in venous occlusion: reduced microcirculatory flow index at: 51 s (59-62). SDF in arterial occlusion: reduced microcirculatory flow index at: 3 s (1-5). SDF in total vascular occlusion: reduced microcirculatory flow index at: 3.5 s (2-5). NIRS in venous occlusion: SatO2 decrease was 15.2 ± 5.3%. NIRS in arterial occlusion: SatO2 decrease was 23.9 ± 13.8%. NIRS in total vascular occlusion: SatO2 decrease was 23.85 ± 13.9%. Doppler in venous occlusion: The signal did not disappear. Doppler arterial and total vascular occlusion disappears at 2 s. The clinical changes were later than SDF. Conclusion: Microcirculation monitoring is feasible using SDF Microscan® in a pig model. This method allows to detect blood flow disruption earlier than NIRS and clinical evaluation.

Morbimortalidad precoz y alejada del reemplazo valvular aórtico con prótesis mecánica y biológica durante la última década: El estándar de oro / Early and late morbidity and mortality of aortic valve replacement with mechanical or biological prostheses during the last decade: The gold standard

Background: There is a growing interest in alternative techniques for aortic valve replacement (AVR). Therefore it is important to have updated results of conventional AYR as a valid comparative standard. Aim: To evaluate both perioperative and ¡ate morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing conventional AVR, with either mechanical (RVAm) or biological (RVAb) prostheses. Patients and methods: Retrospective review of medical records and operative protocols of patients undergoing AVR between January 1995 and December 2005. Patients with previous cardiac surgery, aortic balloonplasty or simultaneous cardiovascular procedures were excluded. Results: During the study period, 788 patients underwent AVR and 317 met the inclusion criteria. Of the latter, 175patients aged 13 to 83years (63 percent males) were subjected to AVRm and 142patients aged 49 to 87 years (64 percent males), were subjected to AVRb. Five (1.6 percent) patients died during the perioperative period (one AVRm and four AVRb). All were older than 65years. Perioperative complications were recorded in 29 and 25 percent of patients in AVRm and AVRb groups, respectively (NS). During a median follow-up of six years, complications were recorded in 12 and 4 percent of patients in AVRm and AVRb groups, respectively (p <0.05). The actuarial survival for AVRm group at 1, 5 and 10years, was 96, 92 and 87 percent, respectively. The figures for AVRb group were 95, 86 and 83 percent, respectively (NS). The 10 year reintervention free survival was 97 percent for the AVRm group and 84 percent for the AVRb (p <0.05). Conclusions: Perioperative mortality and rates of complications of AVR in this series of patients are low, which compares favorably with other series (Rev Méd Chile 2009; 137:1153-62).