ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the characteristics of nearly 10 years of collective food poisoning occurring in Shanghai,and evaluate strategies and measures for effective prevention and control of food poisoning in Shanghai.Methods By collecting data on collective poisoning from 2005 to 2014 in Shanghai was made research and analysis on all food poisoning events,classification effect evaluation for the prevention and control measures.Results In the past 10 years,there was a total of 146 cases of food poisoning in Shanghai,with 3 810 poisoned persons.And 76.7% of food poisoning occurred in May-October;86.3% of the food poisoning were caused by catering units;bacterial food poisoning caused by vibrio parahemolyticus accounted for 71.4%;Cross contamination of raw and cooked,personnel pollution and improper storage of cooked food was the major cause of the poisoning.Good achievement has been achieved in sticking to prevention first,risk management,process control,and social work for prevention and control of food poisoning.Conclusion By adopting specific measures for prevention and control of food poisoning,through nearly 10 years of effective curbing food poisoning accident,collective food poisoning has shown a downward trend year by year.
ABSTRACT
Two cases of hypoglossal canal dural arteriovenous fistulas (HCDAVF) were reported. The clinical manifestation, radiological features, treatment and prognosis were reviewed. Both cases presented chemosis and pulsatile tinnitus. 3D-time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) demonstrated abnormal high signal in hypoglossal canal. Cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showed that these HCDAVFs were supplied by multiple intracranial and extracranial arteries, and fistulas were located in hypoglossal canal. Fistulas were blocked by coils and Onyx-18 through transvenous approach, and the angiography after the embolism showed complete occlusion of fistula. No adverse events after treatment and no recurrence during the follow up were observed.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the mechanism of arachnoidal fibrosis after subarachnoid hemor- rhage. Methods Rats were divided into control group, experiment group and treatment group. Radioim- munoassay (RIA) was employed to detect the levels of hyaluronic acid, laminin,type Ⅲ precollagen and type Ⅳ collagen in the arachnoid membrane. In the meantime, arachnoid cell's morphology and collagen distribution in the subarachnoid space were investigated by electron microscope. Results Results of RIA detection showed increase of Type Ⅲ precollagen level (peak at the second week), obvious higher levels of LN and HA but insignificant change of type IV collagen after subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, dexam- ethasone treatment decreased type Ⅲ precollagen level. Electron microscope found that arachnoid cells pres- ented accentruated bioactivity after subarachnoid hemorrhage, with significant increase of arachnoidal colla- gen fibers from one week after suharachnoid hemorrhage, continuing for 3 weeks. Dexamethasone treatment resulted in low density of mitochondria and sparsed arachnoidal collagen fibers. Conclusions Extracellu- lar matrix (ECM) increases in arachnoid membrane after subarachnoid hemorrhage and participates in a- rachnoid fibrosis. Dexamethasoue can relieve arachnoidal fibrosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage, as pro- rides fresh way for prevention and treatment of post hemorrhagic hydrocephalus.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate neuron regeneration of aged rats after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>ICH model was induced by intracerebral infusion of 100microL autologous blood in adult and aged (3 and 18 m of age, respectively) male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Doublecortin(DCX), polysialylated neural cell adhesion protein(PSA-NCAM) and Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) in brain tissue were detected by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical examination.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In aged rats, DCX levels in the ipsilateral basal ganglia and subventricular zone started to increase at 7d after ICH, peaked at 14 d [(670+/-145)% of controls, P<0.01]. Most DCX positive cells in ipsilateral striatum were BrdU positive. Though DCX content in ipsilateral basal ganglia [(2560+/-758) pixels]of ICH aged rats was much higher than that of aged rat controls [(450+/-97)pixels, P<0.01], it was still lower than that in adult rats.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results demonstrate that neuron regeneration occurs in subventricular zone in the aged rats following intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Age Factors , Cerebral Hemorrhage , Nerve Regeneration , Physiology , Neuronal Plasticity , Physiology , Neurons , Physiology , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of high levels of fluoride on children's intelligence development by analyzing the literatures systematically.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The literatures on the relationship between endemic fluorosis and children's intelligence development published between 1995 and 2007 were retrieved electronically and manually. A total of 13 relevant literatures that met the inclusion criteria were included for Meta analysis. Meta analysis was performed using the Coorporative network software RevMan 4.3.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The subjects of the 13 literatures included 2 508 children from the high fluoride group and 2 330 children from the control group. Meta analysis showed these literatures were inhomogenous (x2=268.05, p<0.01). Therefore a random effect model was used. The average effect scale (OR=-7.14; 95%CI: -9.90, -4.37) suggested a negative correlation between high fluorosis exposure and children's intelligence development.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Exposure to high levels of fluoride may adversely influence children's intelligence development.</p>