One case of myocardial damage caused by carbamate pesticide poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

The data of a patient with carbamate pesticide poisoning were analyzed. Cardiac arrest, oliguria, acute renal injury and pulmonary infection occurred during treatment. After cardiopulmonary resuscitation, tracheal intubation, CRRT, anti-infection and other symptomatic support treatment, the patient recovered and discharged. The myocardial damage caused by carbamate pesticide poisoning is easy to be ignored, and it often causes cardiac manifestations such as arrhythmia and cardiac insufficiency, and the related markers of cardiac injury, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram are also changed. Therefore, the awareness of cardiac damage caused by carbamate pesticide poisoning should be improved.

Experimental study of cardioprotective effects of Cinnamomi Ramulus and Cinnamomi Cortex formula granules on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats based on efficacy of "warming and coordinating heart Yang" / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to parallelly investigate the cardioprotective activity of Cinnamomi Ramulus formula granules(CRFG) and Cinnamomi Cortex formula granules(CCFG) against acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI) and the underlying mechanism based on the efficacy of "warming and coordinating the heart Yang". Ninety male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham group, a model group, CRFG low and high-dose(0.5 and 1.0 g·kg~(-1)) groups, and CCFG low and high-dose(0.5 and 1.0 g·kg~(-1)) groups, with 15 rats in each group. The sham group and the model group were given equal volumes of normal saline by gavage. Before modeling, the drug was given by gavage once a day for 7 consecutive days. One hour after the last administration, the MI/RI rat model was established by ligating the left anterior descending artery(LAD) for 30 min ischemia followed by 2 h reperfusion except the sham group. The sham group underwent the same procedures without LAD ligation. Heart function, cardiac infarct size, cardiac patho-logy, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiac injury enzymes, and inflammatory cytokines were determined to assess the protective effects of CRFG and CCFG against MI/RI. The gene expression levels of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain protein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD(ASC), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(caspase-1), Gasdermin-D(GSDMD), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and interleukin-18(IL-18) were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The protein expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, and N-GSDMD were determined by Western blot. The results showed that both CRFG and CCFG pretreatments significantly improved cardiac function, decreased the cardiac infarct size, inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and reduced the content of lactic dehydrogenase(LDH), creatine kinase MB isoenzyme(CK-MB), aspartate transaminase(AST), and cardiac troponin Ⅰ(cTnⅠ). In addition, CRFG and CCFG pretreatments significantly decreased the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in serum. RT-PCR results showed that CRFG and CCFG pretreatment down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, ASC, and downstream pyroptosis-related effector substances including GSDMD, IL-18, and IL-1β in cardiac tissues. Western blot revealed that CRFG and CCFG pretreatments significantly decreased the protein expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, and N-GSDMD in cardiac tissues. In conclusion, CRFG and CCFG pretreatments have obvious cardioprotective effects on MI/RI in rats, and the under-lying mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway to reduce the cardiac inflammatory response.

Shoulder MRI evaluation of the association of os acromiale with supraspinatus and infraspinatus injury / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the MRI findings of os acromiale and to analyze the relationship between os acromiale and the supraspinatus and infraspinatus injury.@*METHODS@#From January 2010 to August 2020, 21 patients with os acromiale (os arcomiale group) were compared with 21 subjects with no evidence of os acromiale (no os arcomiale group). There were 14 males and 7 females in the os arcomiate group, aged from 29 to 77 years old, mean aged (55.5±11.5) years old. While in the control group, there were 10 males and 11 females in no os arcomiale group, aged from 31 to 70 years old, mean aged (51.1±10.0) years old. The os acromiales were classified as edematous os acromiale or non-edematous os acromiale based on whether the presence of marrow edema, and as displaced os acromiale or non-displaced os acromiale based on whether the presence of displacement of the os acromiale. The MRI features of os acromiale were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed to identify the differences between the os arcomiale group and no os arcomiale group regarding rotator cuff tear, supraspinatus and infraspinatus injury. Differences in the supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear between the edematous and non-edematous os acromiale group, the displaced and non-displaced os acromiale group, the displaced os acromiale and no os arcomiale group were also assessed.@*RESULTS@#On MRI, all the 21 os acromiales appeared as a triangular or irregular bone fragment of the distal acromion, and forms a pseudo-acromioclavicular joint with the acromion. Eleven cases were edematous os acromiale, 11 cases were displaced os acromiale. In the os arcomiale group, 17 had supraspinatus tear, 1 had supraspinatus tendinitis, 11 had infraspinatus tear, and 4 had infraspinatus tendinitis. In the no os arcomiale group, 11 had supraspinatus tear, 2 had supraspinatus tendinitis, 5 had infraspinatus tear, and 1 had infraspinatus tendinitis. No statistically significant difference between the os arcomiale group and no os arcomiale group regarding the rotator cuff tear, supraspinatus and infraspinatus injury (P>0.05). In the 11 cases of edematous os arcomiale, 10 had supraspinatus tear and 7 had infraspinatus tear. In the 10 cases of non-edematous os acromiale, 7 had supraspinatus tear and 4 had infraspinatus tear. No statistically significant difference was noted between the edematous os acromiale and non-edematous os acromiale in terms of supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear (P>0.05). In the 11 cases of displaced os acromiale, 11 had supraspinatus tear and 9 had infraspinatus tear. In the 10 cases of non-displaced os acromiale, 6 had supraspinatus tear and 2 had infraspinatus tear. In the no os arcomiale group, 11 had supraspinatus tear and 5 had infraspinatus tear. There was a statistically significant increases in the prevalence of supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear in the displaced os acromiale group compared with non-displaced os acromiale group, the displaced os acromiale group and no os arcomiale group(P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Shoulder MRI can very well depict os acromiale and can reveal associated abnormalities such as adjacent bone marrow edema, displaced deformity, and rotator cuff tear, and it can be used to assess the stability of the os acromiale. The presence of os acromiale may not increase the risk of supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear significantly. However, the presence of displaced os acromiale is at greater risk of supraspinatus and infraspinatus tear.

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever and E gene evolution of dengue virus in Guangzhou, 2020 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To assess the incidence of dengue fever and E gene evolution of dengue virus in Guangzhou in 2020 and understand the local epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever and spreading of dengue virus. Methods: The information of dengue fever cases in Guangzhou in 2020 was collected from Notifiable Infectious Disease System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. Serum samples from the cases were detected by real-time PCR. The E gene was sequenced and analyzed. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed using software MEGA 5.05. The statistical analysis was conducted using software SPSS 20.0. Results: A total of 33 dengue fever cases were reported in Guangzhou in 2020, including 31 (93.94%) imported cases and 2 (6.06%) local cases. Compared with the data during 2016 to 2019, the number of cases, overall incidence and local incidence all decreased with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The imported cases from Southeast Asia constituted 90.32% (28/31) of imported cases. The E gene sequences and the phylogenetic trees of imported and local cases demonstrated close relationship with the virus sequences from Southeast Asian, and they were less homologous with the sequences of dengue virus isolated in Guangzhou in previous years. Conclusions: The incidence of dengue in Guangzhou in 2020 was significantly affected by the imported cases, especially those from Southeast Asian countries. The study result demonstrated that dengue fever was not endemic in Guangzhou and it was caused by imported ones.

Mechanism of Jingfang Granules in relieving alcohol and protecting liver based on bioinformatics technology / 中国中药杂志

The present study explored the potential mechanism of Jingfang Granules in relieving alcohol and protecting liver by network pharmacology and molecular docking and verified the effects and related pathways by animal experiments. The active components of Jingfang Granules were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). Targets of drugs and diseases were obtained from PubChem, Swiss Target Prediction and CTD. The common targets were uploaded to STRING to plot the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network. The core targets were screened out and the target organs were identified by Bio GPS and Metascape, followed by Gene Ontology(GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis of common targets. The acute drunk mouse model was established and the effects of Jingfang Granules on serum ethanol level and the expression of proteins related to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3 K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signaling pathway in the liver tissue of mice were observed. A total of 187 active components of Jingfang Granules were obtained, including 47 common targets with alcoholic liver injury. GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that Jingfang Granules might play the role of relieving alcohol and protecting liver through the PI3 K-Akt signaling pathway. The drug-component-target and component-target-pathway networks revealed that the important active components of Jingfang Granules in relieving alcohol and protecting liver included quercetin, 5-O-methylvisamminol, glyasperin M, glyasperin B and hederagenin. Molecular docking showed that the active components had a good affinity with AKT1, EGFR, ESR1 and PTGS2. Experimental results showed that Jingfang Granules(15 and 10. 5 g·kg-1) could significantly reduce the content of serum ethanol in mice and up-regulate the protein expression ratios of p-PI3 K/PI3 K and p-Akt/Akt in the liver tissue. Jingfang Granules could relieve alcohol and protect liver through multi-component and multitarget, and the mechanism may be related to the activation of the PI3 K-Akt signaling pathway.

Combined detection of urine specific gravity and BK viruria on prediction of BK polyomavirus nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#BK polyomavirus (BKPyV)-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) is an important cause of dysfunction and failure of renal transplants. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of morning urine specific gravity (MUSG) in diagnosing BKPyVAN in kidney transplant recipients.@*METHODS@#A total of 87 patients, including 27 with BKPyVAN, 22 with isolated BKPyV viruria, 18 with T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR), and 20 with stable graft function, were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from March 2015 to February 2017. MUSG at biopsy and during a follow-up period of 24 months after biopsy was collected and analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the ability of MUSG to discriminate BKPyVAN.@*RESULTS@#At biopsy, the MUSG of BKPyVAN group (1.008 ± 0.003) was significantly lower than that of isolated BK viruria group (1.013 ± 0.004, P < 0.001), TCMR group (1.011 ± 0.003, P = 0.027), and control group (1.014 ± 0.006, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in MUSG among the isolated BK viruria group, TCMR group, and control group (P = 0.253). In BKPyVAN group, the timing and trend of MUSG elevate were consistent with the timing and trend of the decline of viral load in urine and plasma, reaching a statistical difference at 3 months after treatment (1.012 ± 0.003, P < 0.001) compared with values at diagnosis. ROC analysis indicated that the optimal cut-off value of MUSG for diagnosis of BKPyVAN was 1.009, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.803 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.721-0.937). For differentiating BKPyVAN and TCMR, the optimal MUSG cut-off value was 1.010, with an AUC of 0.811 (95% CI: 0.687-0.934).@*CONCLUSION@#Combined detection of MUSG and BKPyV viruria is valuable for predicting BKPyVAN and distinguishing BKPyVAN from TCMR in renal transplant recipients.

Antihypertensive Effect of Tianmu Jiangya Powder on SHR Rats and Its Mechanism / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To investigate the antihypertensive effect of Tianmu Jiangya powder and its related antihypertensive mechanism by using SHR rats as a model, and protein expressions provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of Tianmu Jiangya powder in the treatment of hypertension. Method::Sixty male SHR rats were randomly divided into six groups according to body weight after one week of adaptive feeding: model group, valsartan group (12 mg·kg-1), captopril group (9 mg·kg-1), hydrochlorothiazide group (6 mg·kg-1), Tianmu Jiangya powder low and high-dose group (0.36, 1.44 g·kg-1), WKY rats were used as the normal group, and the intragastric administration lasted for 16 weeks. Softron BP-2010A intelligent non-invasive blood pressure meter was used to measure the systolic blood pressure (SBP)and heart rate (HR) of rat tail arteries. Adobe Photoshop CS5 software was used to analyze the left auricle and claw fixed selected areas to evaluate the effect on blood stasis syndrome. Vevo 2100 small animal ultrasound imaging system detects left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular shortening (FS), left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-systole dimension (LVIDs), left ventricular end-diastole dimension (LVIDd), interventricular septum end-systolic depth (IVSs), and interventricular septum end-diastolic depth (IVSd). Then the rats were sacrificed and the materials were taken (blood, heart, aorta, liver, kidney, tibia), and the weight of heart, liver, kidney and tibia length were measured and recorded. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the heart and thoracic aorta. Separation of serum and plasma, and determination of nitric oxide (NO) in serum by nitrate reductase method. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect plasma adrenaline/3 methoxyadrenaline (MN), urea (UREA), and uric acid (UA) contents. The expression of nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) protein in thoracic aorta of each group was detected and analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Result::Compared with normal group, the SBP and HR of the rats in model group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The r value of the claw was significantly reduced and the g value was significantly increased at 8 and 16 weeks (P<0.05). LVEF and FS significantly decreased, LVESV, LVIDs, IVSd increased significantly (P<0.05). Heart weight, heart weight /tibia length, liver weight and liver weight /tibia length, plasma of MN, UREA, and UA contents significantly increased, and promoted the expression of iNOS and VEGF proteins in the aortic (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the Tianmu Jiangya powder administration group could continuously reduce SBP in SHR rats, maintain HR stability (P<0.05), significantly increase the claw of r value, lower the claw of g value(P<0.05). LVEF, FS significantly increased, LVEDV, LVESV, LVIDd and LVIDs significantly decreased (P<0.05), significantly increased serum NO content, decreased liver weight, liver weight/tibia length, plasma MN, UREA, UA content (P<0.05), and down-regulated the expression of iNOS and VEGF protein in the aorta(P<0.05). Conclusion::Tianmu Jiangya powder has a certain antihypertensive effect, and its mechanism may be mainly related to protecting heart function, improving vascular endothelial function, reducing catecholamines and sedative analgesia.

Prognosis of BK polyomavirus nephropathy: 10-year analysis of 133 renal transplant recipients at a single center / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVN) is an important cause of chronic allograft dysfunction. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prognosis of BKVN.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively reviewed the data of 133 renal transplant recipients with BKVN treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University between July 2007 and July 2017. BK viral loads, graft function, and pathologic indexes were compared between initial diagnosis and last follow-up.@*RESULTS@#After a mean follow-up period of 14.4 (range, 0.3-109.6) months after diagnosis of BKVN, BK viruria, and BK viremia become negative in 19.5% and 90.2% of patients, respectively. The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at last follow-up was lower than at diagnosis of BKVN (18.3 ± 9.2 vs. 32.8 ± 20.6 mL·min·1.73 m, t = 7.426, P < 0.001). Eight (6.0%) patients developed acute rejection after reducing immunosuppression. At last follow-up, the eGFR was significantly lower in patients with subsequent rejection than those without (21.6 ± 9.8 vs. 33.5 ± 20.9 mL·min·1.73 m, t = 3.034, P = 0.011). In 65 repeat biopsies, SV40-T antigen staining remained positive in 40 patients and became negative in the other 20 patients. The eGFR (42.6 ± 14.3 vs. 26.5 ± 12.3 mL·min·1.73 m), urine viral loads (median, 1.3 × 10vs. 1.4 × 10 copies/mL), and plasma viral load (median, 0 vs. 0 copies/mL) were all significantly lower in patients with negative SV40-T antigen staining than those with persistent BK involvement (all, P < 0.05). Five (3.8%) recipients lost their graft at diagnosis of BKVN, and 13 (9.8%) lost their graft during the follow-up period. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year graft survival rates after diagnosis of BKVN were 99.2%, 90.7%, and 85.7%, respectively. Higher pathologic stage correlated with lower allograft survival rate (χ = 6.341, P = 0.042).@*CONCLUSION@#Secondary rejection and persistent histologic infection in BKVN lead to poor prognosis.

Organic anion transporting polypeptides:research advances / 国际药学研究杂志

By reviewing the relevant domestic and foreign literature of organic anion transporters(organic anion transporting polypeptides,OATP),the research on subtypes,regulation mechanisms,distribution,effect and influenc- ing factors of OATP is summarized. OTAP acts as a transporter widely distributed in humans and rodents,and their pro- tein structure is not exactly the same in different species. There are also differences in the distribution of OTAP in various organs in the same species,and the ability of OTAP to transport substances is different. When multiple drugs or foods are taken at the same time,they may interact through OATP,resulting in the decreased efficacy and increased adverse reac- tions of drugs. More research is needed on the exploration of OATP subtypes and mechanisms.

Systems pharmacology-based investigation of Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription: related mechanisms in liver injury / 中国天然药物

Liver injury remains a significant global health problem and has a variety of causes, including oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and apoptosis of liver cells. There is currently no curative therapy for this disorder. Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription (SWGJP), derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has shown its effectiveness in long-term liver damage therapy, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. To explore the underlining mechanisms of action for SWGJP in liver injury from a holistic view, in the present study, a systems pharmacology approach was developed, which involved drug target identification and multilevel data integration analysis. Using a comprehensive systems approach, we identified 43 candidate compounds in SWGJP and 408 corresponding potential targets. We further deciphered the mechanisms of SWGJP in treating liver injury, including compound-target network analysis, target-function network analysis, and integrated pathways analysis. We deduced that SWGJP may protect hepatocytes through several functional modules involved in liver injury integrated-pathway, such as Nrf2-dependent anti-oxidative stress module. Notably, systems pharmacology provides an alternative way to investigate the complex action mode of TCM.

Systems pharmacology-based investigation of Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription: related mechanisms in liver injury / 中国天然药物

Liver injury remains a significant global health problem and has a variety of causes, including oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and apoptosis of liver cells. There is currently no curative therapy for this disorder. Sanwei Ganjiang Prescription (SWGJP), derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has shown its effectiveness in long-term liver damage therapy, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not fully understood. To explore the underlining mechanisms of action for SWGJP in liver injury from a holistic view, in the present study, a systems pharmacology approach was developed, which involved drug target identification and multilevel data integration analysis. Using a comprehensive systems approach, we identified 43 candidate compounds in SWGJP and 408 corresponding potential targets. We further deciphered the mechanisms of SWGJP in treating liver injury, including compound-target network analysis, target-function network analysis, and integrated pathways analysis. We deduced that SWGJP may protect hepatocytes through several functional modules involved in liver injury integrated-pathway, such as Nrf2-dependent anti-oxidative stress module. Notably, systems pharmacology provides an alternative way to investigate the complex action mode of TCM.

Changes in refractive status in high-myopic patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery / 眼科新进展

Objective To evaluate the changes in refractive state in high-myopic patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery.Methods Clinical data of 30 patients of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2016 to March 2017 was retrospectively analyzed,and these patients were randomly dividedly into two groups:high myopia (15 patients of 15 eyes) and non high myopia group (15 patients of 15 eyes),in which patients firstly underwent vitrectomy combined with phacoemulsification and silicone oil tamponade,followed by intraocular lens (IOL) implantation after the removal of silicone oil 3 months later.The two groups were continuously followedup for 6 months after IOL implantation.Before vitrectomy,the axial length,corneal curvature were measured for calculating the predictive spherical equivalent (SE).Then axial length and corneal curvature at 1 month,3,6 months after IOL implantation were measured for calculating the actual SE.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded before and after operation and the LogMAR was calculated in each groups.The SE,axial length,corneal curvature before vitrectomy and 1 month,3,6 months after IOL implantation were respectively compared in each group.The relationship between the refractive prediction errors and the preoperative axial length in the high myopia group was evaluated.Results The LogMAR visual acuity was improved in both groups,and the difference between before and after treatment was statistically significant (both P ＜0.05).The SE at 1 month,3,6 months after surgery showed significantly myopic shift in the high myopic eyes,and the myopic shift gradually increased with time,with statistically significant at each time point (all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in myopic shift between before and after surgery as well as among each time point after surgery in the non-high myopic eyes (P ＞ 0.05).Axial length and corneal curvature at 1 month,3,6 month after surgery in the high myopia group were significantly increased (all P ＜ 0.05),whereas those in the non high myopia group did not change significantly (all P ＞ 0.05).By simple linear regression analysis,the refractive prediction errors had a negative correlation with the preoperative axial length in the high myopia group (R2 =0.580,P =0.001).Conclusion The LogMAR visual acuity after vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery is improved in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.Postoperative axial length growth and corneal curvature increase are presented in patients with high myopia,and the longer the preoperative axial length is,the more myopic shift the eye shows.

Histopathological diagnosis and follow-up analysis of gastric mucosal biopsy / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the histopathological diagnosis and follow-up of gastric mucosal biopsy. Methods A detailed histopathological observation was performed on 5 748 gastroscopic biopsies and 3 288 patients were followed up. Results In 5 748 cases of endoscopy biopsy specimens, acute gastritis was rechecked in 125 cases, of which 112 cases were cured or improved (89.6％ ), 10 cases (8.0％ ) had little change, and 3 cases (2.4％) were aggravated. There were 2430 cases of chronic atrophic gastritis, in which 1521 cases were cured/improvement (62.6％ ), 737 cases (30.3％ ) had little change, and 172 cases (7.1％ ) were aggravated. In the 71 cases of special type of gastritis, 23 cases were cured or improved, accounting for 32.3％.42 cases were not changed much, accounting for 59.2％, and 6 cases were aggravated (8.5％ ). About druginduced gastritis/stomach reexamination in 94 cases, 57 cases were cured/improved, accounting for 60.6％, 34(36.3％ ) cases did not change, and 2 cases were aggravated(3.2％ ).183 cases of gastric polyp were reviewed, 165 cases(90.2％ ) were cured / improved, 13 cases (7.1％ ) were not changed and 5 cases (2.7％ ) were aggravated. No neoplasia/ nondysplasia was found in 205 cases, 196(95.6％ ) cases was cured / improved, no change was seen in 6 cases (2.9％ ) and aggravation was seen in 3 cases(1.5％). Indefinite neoplasia/ dysplasia was reexamined in 24 cases, 2 cases (8.3％) were cured/improved, no change was seen in 13 cases (54.2％ ), and aggravation was seen in 9 cases(37.5％).156 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia were retrospectively reviewed, in which138 (88.5％ ) cases were cured or improved, 4(2.6％ ) cases showed no change, and 13(8.3％) cases were aggravated. Conclusion It is of great significance to improve the early diagnosis rate, reduce missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate of gastric cancer by establishing 11 pathological changes and accompanying lesions.

Effective Prevention of Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction again by Blood Matching of in vitro Hemolytic Test / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen out the suitable erythrocytes compatible to the results from the routine blood matching for the patients suffered from the relapse of acute hemolytic transfusion reaction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The in vitro hemolysis test was used to screen out the erythrocytes from the non-hemolytic donors for the transfusion of erythrocytes into the patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three U of the non-hemolytic erythrocytes were obtained by using hemolytic test in vitro, the post-transfusion effects were good, and the hemolytic reaction will not occure once more.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>When it is compatible to the results obtained from the routine blood matching and the post-transfusion hemolytic reaction appeared. The blood matching by using in vitro hemolytic test can be used to screen out the non-hemolytic erythrocytes for transfusion of the patients.</p>

Thinking and Methods for Demonstrating the Effectiveness of Chinese Herbal Compounds from the Perspective of Pharmacokinetics / 中国中西医结合杂志

To exert pharmacological effects, no matter therapeutic effect or toxic/side effect, it's necessary to achieve enough plasma concentration. Chinese medical compounds, which contain various ingredients, influence the metabolism of some active ingredients through the interaction of ingredients to improve curative effects or reduce toxic/side effects. Pharmacokinetics can be used to explore how Chinese medical compounds influence the in vivo metabolism of some active ingredients to achieve better curative effects.

Effects of Highly Concentrated Potassium Chloride via Central Venous Catheterization on Severe Hypokalemia / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and feasibility of highly concentrated Potassium Chloride via central venous catheterization by micro pump on severe hypokalemia patients in EICU.Methods A totlal of 120 severe hypokalemia patients in our department were randomly divided into experimental group (treated with highly concentrated Potassium Chloride) and control group (normal treatment group) respectively,and treated with Potassium Chloride liquid of different concentration.Potassium levels in blood were checked every hour and the time for reaching standard potassium level (4.0mmol/L) and the total volumes of infusion fluid within 24 hours in the two groups was compared.Results The mean time for reaching standard potassium level and the total volumes of infusion fluid within 24 hours in the experimental group,(12.83 ± 3.57) h and (402.56 ± 54.61) ml respectively,were significantly less than those in the control group (P ＜0.01),(23.18 ±4.98) h and (2875.2 ± 206.26) ml respectively.Conclusion Highly-concentrated potassium chloride injection via central venous catheterization by micro-pump is a safe,effective and feasible treatment on the patients with severe hypokalemia,especially on the patients with volume-overloaded heart and severe hypokalemia,which is worthy of further clinical research.

The Impacts of Mosquito Density and Meteorological Factors on Dengue Fever Epidemics in Guangzhou, China, 2006-2014: a Time-series Analysis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the associations between the monthly number of dengue fever(DF) cases and possible risk factors in Guangzhou, a subtropical city of China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The monthly number of DF cases, Breteau Index (BI), and meteorological measures during 2006-2014 recorded in Guangzhou, China, were assessed. A negative binomial regression model was used to evaluate the relationships between BI, meteorological factors, and the monthly number of DF cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 39,697 DF cases were detected in Guangzhou during the study period. DF incidence presented an obvious seasonal pattern, with most cases occurring from June to November. The current month's BI, average temperature (Tave), previous month's minimum temperature (Tmin), and Tave were positively associated with DF incidence. A threshold of 18.25 °C was found in the relationship between the current month's Tmin and DF incidence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mosquito density, Tave, and Tmin play a critical role in DF transmission in Guangzhou. These findings could be useful in the development of a DF early warning system and assist in effective control and prevention strategies in the DF epidemic.</p>

Blood matching and transfusion for 12 acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia patients by extracorporal hemolysis test / 中国实验血液学杂志

In order to screen the compatible red cells by using extracorporal hemolysis test for acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) patients who were difficult to be matched by automatic microcolumn gel indirect antiglobulin test. Twenty-six cases of AIHA were chosen as control group, to whom the same type of donor red blood cells were infused with the weakest blood agglutination; 12 cases of acute AIHA patients were chosen as test group, these patients were difficult to be matched by automatic microcolumn gel indirect antiglobulin test, and the donor red cells without hemolysis by extracoral hemolysis test were transfused for them. The results showed that compared with the control group,the effect of transfusion was better in test group (P < 0.01), with 2.26 U leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte suspension in average, whose hemoglobin, reticulocyte and total bilirubin levels were changed significantly compared with those before blood transfusion (P < 0.01) . It is concluded that the compatible red blood cells for the acute AIHA patients can be screened by the extracorporal hemolysis test, when it is difficult to screen by the automatic microcolumn gel indirect antiglobulin test.

Clinical application of blood matching with hemolytic test in vitro for transfusion treatment of crisis puerpera with acute hemolytic anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to establish the matching method of hemolytic test in vitro, and to guide the transfusion treatment for puerpera with acute hemolytic disease. The donor's erythrocytes were sensibilized by all the antibodies in plasma of patient in vitro and were added with complement, after incubation for 6.5 hours at 38 °C, the hemolysis or no hemolysis were observed. It is safe to transfuse if the hemolysis did not occur. The results showed that when the matching difficulty happened to puerpera with acute hemolytic disease, the compatible donor could be screened by hemolytic test in vitro. There were no untoward effects after transfusion of 6 U leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte suspension. The all hemoglobin, total bilirubins, indirect bilirubin, reticulocyte, D-dimex and so on were rapidly improved in patient after transfusion , showing obvious clinical efficacy of treatment. It is concluded that when the matching results can not judge accurately compatible or incompatible through the routine method of cross matching, the agglutinated and no-hemolytic erythrocytes can be screened by hemolytic test in vitro and can be transfused with good efficacy; the hemoglobin level can be promoted rapidly, and no untoward effects occur.

Culturing primary hippocampal neurons of neonatal mouse and morphologic observation / 重庆医学

Objective To discuss a optimal culture method of primary hippocampal neurons and a more suitable method of mor-phological observation ,and provide basis to the study of synapse in Alzheimer′s Disease .Methods Postnatal 0 -1 days (P0 -1 ) C57BL/6J mice were decollated and bilateral hippocampus were separated .Low level concentration of trypsin and mechanical disso-ciation were adopted .And culture medium without serum was used to culture neurons .After 17 days culturing ,transfected neurons with Green Fluorescent Protein(GFP) by calcium phosphate precipitation ,and then observed neurons and spines by fluorescence mi-croscope .Results The neurons looked good and healthy by using this method .And the axons ,dendrites and spines which were typ-ical structure of neurons were observed clearly after transfected with GFP .Conclusion The cultured hippocampal neurons look good by this method .And the morphological characteristics of neurons and spines are observed much more clearly after transfected GFP by calcium phosphate precipitation .