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Objective To observe the effects of Xifeng Tongnao capsules on the content of TNF-α and IL-1β in brain tissue of rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods A total of 120 adult SD rats were randomized into 6 groups: Xifeng Tongnao low-, middle- and high-dose groups, model control group, Buchang Naoxintong group and sham-operated group.Buchang Naoxintong group were treated with Buchang Naoxintong capsules at 0.864 g??kg-1.Xifeng Tongnao high-, middle-and low-dose groups were treated with 3.456, 1.728, and 0.864 g??kg-1 Xifeng Tongnao capsules, respectively;sham-operated group and model control group were treated with equal volume of purified water. Medications were administered intragastrically once daily for 7 days. The acute transient focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion ( MCAO) 1 h after the final dose, and rats in the sham-operated group only received anesthesia and stripping without occlusion.All rats were sacrificed after reperfusion for 24 h, and expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the brain tissue were detected by ELISA. Results TNF-αcontent in Xifeng Tongnao capsutes low-, middle-and high-dose groups were (35.34±8.95), (33.75±6.92), and (40.95±5.39) ng??L-1, respectively.IL-1β content were (1.44±0.47), (1.45± 0.23), and (1.61±0.33) ng??L-1 in low-, middle- and high-dose groups, respectively.TNF-α and IL-1β were (38.96±9.84) and (1.56±0.31) ng??L-1, respectively in Buchang Naoxintong group, (52.74±6.76) and (2.79±0.45) ng??L-1in the model control group, and (32.54±4.00) and (1.32±0.22) ng??L-1 in sham-operated group.TNF-αand IL-1βcontent were significantly higher in Buchang Naoxintong group than in sham-operated group ( P<0. 05 ) . TNF-α and IL-1β content were significantly decreased in Xifeng Tongnao high-, middle- and low-dose groups (all P<0.05). Conclusion Xifeng Tongnao capsules can protect brain tissue by supressing TNF-α and IL-1β and alleviating inflammatory injury from ischemia.
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This study was aimed to investigate the research on pharmacological effects, relevant ideas and methods of Guangdong native heat-clearing and toxin-removing herbs. Literatures on pharmacological effects of Guangdong native heat-clearing and toxin-removing herbs were collected, summarized and analyzed. The results showed that most Guangdong native heat-clearing and toxin-removing herbs had obvious effects of anti-microbial, anti-bacterial endotoxin, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effect. It also had obvious antivenomous and analgesia effect. Based on research ideas and methods of Guangdong native heat-clearing and toxin-removing herbs, we clarified the confusion species as soon as possible, and adhered to the whole animal experiments in combination with in vitro experiments and computer molecular docking simulations for the complementation of each other. It was concluded that the study on pharmacological effects of Guangdongnative heat-clearing and toxin-removing herbs provided strong support in its clinical application. Ideas and methods provided in this article was the main way to explain pharmacological effects of Guangdong native heat-clearing and toxin-removing herbs.
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Objective To establish a TLC identification method for pollen typhae in Xifeng-Tongnao capsule,and to set up quality control standard for the product.Methods According to the literatures,methods and improved methods were adopted to identify the pollen typhae in Xifeng-Tongnao capsule.Results The fifth method in this article was simple,with TLC spots being clear,the separation effect showing good results without the interference of negative control.Conclusion The fifth method has feasibility and a strong specificity.It can be used as qualitative identification method for pollen typhae in Xifeng-Tongnao capsule.
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Objective To study the preparation and quality control of Shehuang powder.Methods Medicinal materials were toasted,crushed into powder,and mixed in uniformity to make Shehuang powder.TLC was used to identify pronephrium triphyllum and rhubarb in the powder.Results TLC could identify effective reagents.The preparation method was simple and effective.Shehuang Powder prepared with this method was stable.Conclusion The compatibility of Shehuang powder was reasonable.The preparation method and quality Control was simple.
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Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of water-extract of microcos paniculata,and to provide scientific experimental evidence for clinical applications.Methods Various inflammatory models,including the swelling of ear induced by xylene and the permeability increase of capillary induced by acetic acid in mice were used to explore the anti-inflammatory of water-extract of Microcos Paniculata.Results High and middle doses of microcos paniculata could significantly inhibit ear edema,and all the three doses of microcos paniculata could significantly inhibit the permeability increase of capillary permeability.Conclusion The water-extract of microcos paniculata has significant anti-inflammatory effect.
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Objective To study the preparing craft and quality control for Biyan Jiedu Granule. Methods Medicines of Biyan Jiedu Granule were prepared with traditional methods, then extracted by water, concentrated, and then mixed with adjuvant materials into granule. TLC was used to identify milkvetch root, baical skullcap root, and radix glycyrrhizae. Results The preparing method was simple and feasible. The quality of the product was stable. TLC could identify characteristic spots. Conclusion The preparation craft is simple and convenient for quality control, providing a practical and feasible method for producing Biyan Jiedu Granule.
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OBJECTIVE:To summarize the status quo of the clinical pharmacy of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and discuss strategies and considerations on its future development.METHODS: The concept and the task about the clinical pharmacy of TCM were summarized analytically,and some strategies and considerations on its development were presented. RESULTS & CONCLUSION:The development of clinical pharmacy of TCM went on badly and it didn't achieve due progre-ss,therefore its development should be strengthened.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the general pattern and characteristics of the ADRs associated with Saponins of panax notoginseng(SPN)injection to guide rational administration of this drug.METHODS:ADR cases induced by SPN injection that retrieved from domestic medical journals between 1994 and 2006 were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:Of the total 81 ADR cases induced by SPN injection,females showing higher percentage than males,and the ADRs were more often seen in aged group.The ADRs usually occurred following second time injection or repeated injections.The clinical manifestations of ADRs varied and could involve multiple organs and systems,which were characterized predominantly by damages of skin and its appendages.CONCLUSION:Doctors and pharmacists should master the pattern and characteristics of ADRs and strengthen ADR monitoring so as to reduce the incidence of ADRs.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality criteria for Huangzhi oral liquid.METHODS:TLC was employed to for the qualitative identificaiton of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Leech and Fructus Arctii;the content of total nitrogen was determined by KjeLdahL determination and content of Chrysophanol in Radix et Rhizoma Rhei in Huangzhi oral liquids was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The TLC chromatograms of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Leech and Fructus Arctii presented the spots of the same colors with those at the corresponding places in the chromatograms of the controls.There was a good linear relationship within the concentration range of 1.696～ 8.480? g? mL-1 for Chrysophanol(r=0.999 8).The average recovery was 99.60%(RSD=1.37%,n=9).CONCLUSION:The methods are accurate and reliable with a strong specificity and can be used for the quality control of Huangzhi oral liquid.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the general pattern and characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by Tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) so as to provide references for clinical rational drug use. METHODS: A statistical analysis was conducted on 30 TMP-induced ADR cases reported in domestic medical journals. RESULTS: ADRs of TMP were independent of patient's sex, and which were more often seen in patients aged above 50. The ADRs could occur at any time after medication and involve multiple organs and systems. The clinical manifestations were various and manifested as allergic reaction or even allergic shock in severe cases. CONCLUSION: Doctors and pharmacists should master the pattern and characteristics of ADRs induced by TMP, and strengthen monitoring on the use of TMP to reduce the incidence of ADRs induced by TMP.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the preparation and quality control methods of Hewei xiaopi mixture.METHODS: Water extracting-alcohol precipitating was applied for the extraction of majority of drugs and partial drugs were extracted by ethanol extract technology.Then the extractive was mixed to prepare mixture.TLC was used to identify Panax notoginseng,Paevnia lactiflora,Taraxacum mongolicum and Corydalis yanhusuo included in prescription.RESULTS:The preparation was stable in property.P.notoginseng,P.lactiflora,T.mongolicum and C.yanhusuo can be identified by TLC.CONCLUSION: The prescription is characterized with rational compatibility,simple preparation and quality control method,which is suitable for quality control of preparation.
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OBJECTIVE:To optimize the extraction process for Sihuang paste.METHODS:The Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Scutellariae were extracted with ethanol,and the effects of the concentration and dosage of ethanol,and the ext-racting time,extraction times on the content of emodin were investigated by orthogonal experiment.The Rhizoma coptidis and Cortex Phellodendri were extracted by water decoction method,and the effects of amount of water,the soaking time,the decoction time and decoction times on the content of tannin were investigated by orthogonal experiment.RESULTS:The optimum alcohol extracting condition for Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,Radix Scutellaria was as follows:adding 60% alcohol at a dose of 6 times that of the total medicinal substances and extracting for 1 h/time for 3 times.The optimum water extracting condition for Rhizoma Coptidis and Cortex Phellodendri was as follows:soaking medicinal substances in water(with the ratio of medicinal substances to water at 1∶6)for 0.5 h,decocting for 2 h and extracting for 3 times.CONCLUSION:The optimized methods are simple and stable,which provide theoretic basis for industrial production.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the general pattern and characteristics of the adverse drug reactions(ADRs)induced by Vincristine injections for references of rational drug use.METHODS:ADRs induced by Vincristine injections reported in domestic medical journals from 1994～2006 were retrieved and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:ADRs induced by Vincristine injection occurred mostly in female patients aged less than 20 years or above 60 years at different time after drug administration.The ADRs might involve lesions of multiple organs and systems,much as in the lesion of gastrointestinal system.CONCLUSION:Clinicians and pharmacists should familiarize the pattern and characteristics of ADRs induced by Vincristine injections and tighten monitoring on the use of Vincristine injections to reduce the incidences of ADRs.
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OBJECTIVE:To prepare Xiaoyanzhiyang lotion,conduct determinations of the preparation and observe its clinical,therapeutic effects.METHODS:It was prepared into pulveres as per the compositions of the formula,determined on its physicochemical properties and identified with TLC.108 patients with typical dermatitis and eczema were randomized into the treatment group(65 cases)and the control group(43 cases).The treatment group was given Xiaoyanzhiyang lotion,2～ 3 times? d-1,and the control group was treated with Kenacomb ointment,2～ 3 times? d-1,each for a treatment course of 1wk.RESULTS:The overall effective rates for the treatment group and the control group were 98.5% and 88.4% respectively,with the former having significantly higher rate than the latter(P
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OBJECTIVE:To study the general pattern and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)induced by polysaccharide sulfate(PSS).METHODS:A retrospective study was carried out to collect and statistically analyze62cases of ADR induced by PSS reported in domestic academic journals between January1994and December2005.RESULTS:The ADR to PSS were independent of patient’s sex and dependent of patient’s age,administration routes and dosage.The ADR occurred at different intervals after drug application.Clinical manifestations of ADR were multiple involving several organs and systems,mainly damage of immune system and musculoskeletal system.CONCLUSION:Clinical doctors and pharmacists should under-stand the pattern and characteristics of ADR induced by PSS,and strengthen monitoring of its use in order to reduce occurrence of ADRs.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the characteristics and preventive measures of the ADRs associated with astragalus in?jection.METHODS:ADRs to astragalus injection in41cases,reported in domestic medical journals from1988～2003,were col?lected and analysed.RESULTS:The ADRs to astragalus injection were independent of patient's sex and age.ADRs occured du_ ring intravenous drop in32cases(78.05%)mostly within30min after injection,and24cases(41.46%)had ADRs at a second time or repeated injection.The clinical manifestations of ADRs were varying,of which the allergic reaction was the commonest one including anaphylactic shock.CONCLUSION:Clinical physicians and pharmacists should pay attention to the ADRs of as?tragalus injection and rationally use the preparation.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the characteristics and precautions for use of Chinese traditional patent medicines containing chemical components and to guide rational and safe use of these medicines in the clinic. METHODS: The data about Chinese traditional patent medicines containing chemical components were collected and analyzed statistically. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: The Chinese traditional patent medicines containing chemical components have distinct characteristics, and clinicians and pharmacists should attach great importance to the precautions for use for the sake of rational and safe use of these medicines.