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1.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 19(4): 417-422, dez. 2011. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-618787

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O tempo de coagulação ativada (TCA) após intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) femoral pode ser utilizado para guiar a retirada precoce do introdutor arterial. Este estudo comparou os tempos de permanência do introdutor arterial e de repouso após a retirada do introdutor arterial, com e sem controle de TCA, em pacientes que realizaram ICP femoral. Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado com 78 pacientes submetidos a ICP femoral eletiva, alocados para retirada do introdutor arterial guiada pelo TCA (grupo 1) ou remoção desse dispositivo sem controle de TCA (grupo 2). No grupo 1, o introdutor arterial foi retirado quando o TCA medido era < 180 segundos. Após a retirada do introdutor arterial, os pacientes permaneceram por mais 6 horas em repouso absoluto nos dois grupos. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 60 ± 9 anos e 57 dos pacientes eram homens. Os grupos foram semelhantes quanto a características clínicas, complexidade das lesões coronárias, calibre do introdutor arterial, número e tipo de stents utilizados, fármacos empregados e sucesso do procedimento. Os tempos de permanência do introdutor arterial (95 ± 35 minutos vs. 240 ± 16 minutos; P < 0,01) e de repouso absoluto (454 ± 33 minutos vs. 600 ± 12 minutos; P < 0,01) foram significativamente menores no grupo 1. Conclusões: A retirada do introdutor arterial guiada pelo TCA em pacientes submetidos a ICP femoral foi mais precoce e proporcionou redução do tempo total de repouso em comparação à estratégia padrão da instituição.


BACKGROUND: Activated clotting time (ACT) can be used for early arterial sheath removal after femoral-approach percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study compared the time for arterial sheath removal, with and without ACT guidance, and bed rest after PCI. METHODS: Randomized clinical trial including 78 patients submitted to elective PCI, allocated for ACT-guided (group 1) and non-ACT-guided (group 2) arterial sheath removal. In group 1, the sheath was removed when ACT was < 180 seconds. After removal of the arterial sheath, patients remained at bed rest for 6 hours in both groups. RESULTS: Mean age was 60 ± 9 years and 57% of the patients were men. Groups were similar for clinical characteristics, coronary lesion complexity, arterial sheath caliber, number and type of stents used, drugs used and success rates. The time for arterial sheath removal (95 ± 35 minutes vs. 240 ± 16 minutes; P < 0.01) and bed rest (454 ± 33 minutes vs. 600 ± 12 minutes; P < 0.01) were significantly lower in group 1. CONCLUSIONS: Arterial sheath removal guided by ACT in patients undergoing PCI was performed earlier and allowed a reduction of the overall time of bed rest when compared to the institutional standard procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Angioplasty/methods , Angioplasty , Femoral Artery/surgery , Blood Coagulation , Stents , Risk Factors , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Myocardial Revascularization
2.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 17(4): 476-483, out.-dez. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-543380

ABSTRACT

O implante percutâneo valvular aórtico é uma alternativa promissora no tratamento da estenose aórtica grave de pacientes com elevado risco cirúrgico. No entanto, parte desses pacientes pode desenvolver distúrbios do sistema de condução elétrico do coração e necessidade de implante de marca-passo permanente. O mecanismo das alterações do sistema de condução não está completamente elucidado. Nosso objetivo é avaliar a frequênia e os fatores relacionados à necessidade de marca-passo permanente em nosso meio. Método: Série de casos com descrição das variáveis absolutas e relativas associadas à necessidade de marca-passo permanente em pacientes submetidos a implante percutâneo valvular aórtico no Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Resultados: Entre novembro de 2008 e novembro de 2009, 10 pacientes foram submetidos a implante percutâneo valvular...


BACKGROUND: Percutaneous aortic valve implantation (PAVI) is a promising alternative treatment for severe aortic stenosis in high surgical risk patients. However, part of these patients may develop electrical conduction system disturbances and require permanent pacemaker implantation. The mechanism of such electrical conduction system disturbances has not been totally elucidated. Our objective is to assess the frequency and factors related to the need of a permanent pacemaker (PPM) in this scenario. METHOD: A series of cases describing absolute and relative variables associated to PPM implantation in patients submitted to PAVI at Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul. RESULTS: Between November 2008 and November 2009, ten patients were submitted to PAVI using the CoreValveTM prosthesis. Two patients who died due to complications not associated to the conduction system disturbances were excluded. The procedure was successfully carried out in the eight remaining patients, with gradient reduction between the left ventricle and aorta and symptomatic relief. Most of the patients were women (75%) and mean age was 86 years. PPM was required in six patients (75%) after PAVI. The single procedure related event was the development of left bundle branch block (LBBB). During clinical follow-up, one patient resumed sinus rhythm, two alternated their own rhythm with the pacemaker rhythm and three remain totally dependent of artificial stimulus. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an increased need of PPM after PAVI and the development of LBBB seems to be associated to it. Additional and powered studies, comparing other techniques, are required to define the exact incidence of rhythm disturbances caused by PAVI.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Coronary Angiography , Aortic Valve Stenosis , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Aspirin/administration & dosage , Retrospective Studies
3.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 16(4): 495-498, out.-dez. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-508796

ABSTRACT

Apresenta-se neste relato o tratamento bem-sucedido de dois pacientes com lesões coronárias complexas, calcificadas, sendo uma delas uma oclusão total crônica, na qual foi utilizado um novo dispositivo para facilitar o procedimento percutâneo.


We describe two complex cases of calcified lesions, one of which a total chronic occlusion, that were successfully treated with a new device that facilitates the percutaneous procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/methods , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Calcinosis/complications , Coronary Stenosis/complications , Coronary Stenosis/diagnosis , Coronary Stenosis/therapy , Catheterization/instrumentation
4.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 16(3): 365-367, jul.-set. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-503486

ABSTRACT

Perfuração de uma câmara cardíaca é uma complicação maior do cateterismo cardíaco, condição extremamente rara, porém de gravidade bem documentada. Relatamos um caso de perfuração de ventrículo esquedo ocorrido após a realização de ventriculografia esquerda com cateter pig tail, seguido de colapso cardiovascular em decorrência de tamponamento cardíaco. O quadro foi manejado com pronta realização de pericardiocentese, a qual foi suficiente para estabilização clínica e resolução do caso.


Perforation of a heart chamber is a major complication ofcardiac catheterization, an extremely rare condition, although its potential severity is well documented. We describe a case of perforation of the left ventricle occurred after a left ventriculography with a pig tail catheter, followed by cardiovascular collapse due to cardiac tamponade. This situation was handled with prompt pericardiocentesis, which led to clinical stabilization and case resolution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Cardiac Catheterization/adverse effects , Cardiac Tamponade/etiology , Heart Injuries/etiology , Electrocardiography , Radiography, Thoracic
5.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 16(3): 301-306, jul.-set. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-503476

ABSTRACT

Introdução: As complicações vasculares (CV) são uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade em pacientes submetidos a intervenções coronárias percutâneas (ICPs), porém estudos anteriores não refletem a prática atual. Objetivos: Avaliar a incidência de CV e seus preditores, em uma população de pacientes tratada com ICP contemporaneamente. Método: Estudo observacional de corte transversal, com implantes de stents coronários, de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2007. As características clínicas e angiográficas e a evolução intra-hospitalar foram avaliadas e registradas em banco de dados informatizados. Foram excluídos aqueles com óbito hospitalar ou cirurgia cardíaca de urgência. CV foram definidas como sangramento maior, cirurgia vascular ou hematoma > 10 cm. Os dados foram analisados com SPSS 11,0, e as características dos pacientes com e sem CV foram comparadas com teste t de Student e teste do qui-quadrado. Os preditores independentes de CV foram identificados por análise de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados: Total de 4.595 pacientes com 5.485 stents implantados, com média de idade de 60,64 + - 10,65 anos e 32 por cento de mulheres. As ICPs foram realizadas pela via femoral...


Background: Vascular complications (VC) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. However, available data do not reflect current interventional cardiology practice. Objective: To determinate the incidence of VC and its predictors in a population treated with PCI in contemporary practice. Methods: Cross-sectional study with coronary stent implantation conducted from January/2000 to December/2007. Clinical and angiographic characteristics, as well as in-hospital evolution, were evaluated and recorded in a database. Exclusion criteria included in-hospital death and urgent heart surgery. VC were defined as major bleeding, vascular surgery or hematoma > 10 cm. Data were analyzed using SPSS 11.0 and the characteristics of patients with and without VC were compared using the Student's t test and chi-square test. Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis was performed to determinate the independent predictors of VC. Results: A total of 4,595 patients with 5,485 stents were included in this analysis. Mean age was 60.64 ± 10.65 years and 32% of the patients were female. The transfemoral approach was used in 95% of the PCIs and the transradial approach in 5%. Six French and 7 French introducers were used in 85% and 15% of the PCIs, respectively. A total of 162 (3.3%) patients experienced VC. The multivariate analysis determined that the only predictor for VC was the use of 7 French introducers (odds ratio = 3.05, 95% confidence interval = 1.2-7.8; p = 0.02)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/adverse effects , Cardiac Catheterization/adverse effects , Vascular Diseases/etiology , Aspirin/administration & dosage , Risk Factors , Heparin/administration & dosage , Ticlopidine/administration & dosage
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