Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 42
Filter
1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515156

ABSTRACT

Los tumores de calota en pacientes pediátricos poseen múltiples etiologías. Dentro de las causas pseudotumorales, las infecciones juegan un rol importante, siendo la osteomielitis por Bartonella henselae (Enfermedad por Arañazo de Gato) una posibilidad diagnóstica rara, pero que debe ser estudiada y descartada. Se presenta el caso de una lactante de 1 año, con lesión expansiva de calota, a nivel frontal derecho, hipervascularizada e infiltrativa. Se realizó estudio con ultrasonido, tomografía cerebral y cintigrama óseo. Se realizó resección quirúrgica completa de la lesión, con preservación de la duramadre y zona fontanelar, además de un cuidadoso trato con el seno sagital superior. Evolucionó sin complicaciones perioperatorias. El resultado de la biopsia fue compatible con proceso inflamatorio crónico, osteomielitis supurada. Tinción de Warthin Starry positiva sugerente de Bartonella henselae. Se descartó etiología tuberculosa y fúngica. Serología positiva para Bartonella henselae. La paciente completó antibioticoterapia, azitromicina y cotrimoxazol, con evolución clínica favorable.


Calvarial tumors in pediatric patients have multiple etiologies. Among the pseudotumoral causes, infections play an important role, being Bartonella henselae osteomyelitis (Cat Scratch Disease) a rare diagnostic possibility, but it should be studied and ruled out. We present the case of a 1 year old infant, with an expansive lesion of the calvaria, at right frontal level, hypervascularized and infiltrative. Ultrasound, brain tomography and bone scintigram were performed. Complete surgical resection of the lesion was performed, with preservation of the dura mater and fontanel area, in addition to a careful treatment with the superior sagittal sinus. The patient evolved without perioperative complications. The biopsy result was compatible with a chronic inflammatory process, suppurative osteomyelitis. Positive Warthin Starry stain suggestive of Bartonella henselae. Tuberculous and fungal etiology was ruled out. Positive serology for Bartonella henselae. The patient completed antibiotic therapy, azithromycin and cotrimoxazole, with favorable clinical evolution.

2.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 83(3): 254-258, 2023. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1522102

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las metástasis a distancia de tumores primarios a cuerdas vocales son poco frecuentes. Las metástasis a laringe con mayor frecuencia corresponden a melanomas y carcinomas, afectando principalmente a la región supraglótica. Las metástasis a cabeza y cuello de los carcinomas de células renales (CCR) tienen una incidencia de 14-16%. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con metástasis de carcinoma de células claras renal a cuerdas vocales, cuya importancia recae en que es un caso poco frecuente y no existen reportes similares en el país. Paciente masculino, 57 años, con disfonía de 3 meses de evolución. Nasofibroscopía evidencia lesión polipoídea en cuerda vocal y ventrículo izquierdo. Se realiza microcirugía laríngea, enviando muestra a biopsia diferida, resultando lesión metastásica de CCR células claras. Evaluado por nefrología, se pesquisa tumor renal izquierdo sugerente de CCR. Las metástasis de neoplasias remotas a laringe son infrecuentes. Se considera al CCR el tercero en frecuencia respecto a neoplasias infraclaviculares. Éstas se pueden presentar hasta 10 años después del tratamiento del primario. Se recomienda seguimiento a largo plazo y énfasis a nuevos síntomas en región de cabeza y cuello, teniendo en consideración antecedente de CCR en pacientes con disfonía y lesiones polipoídeas en cuerdas vocales.


Introduction: The metastasis of distant site primary tumors to the vocal cords is infrequent. The most frequent source of metastasis to the larynx is melanomas and carcinomas, mainly affecting the supraglottic region. The metastasis to the head and neck of renal cell carcinomas (RCC) has an incidence of 14-16%. To present a case of metastasis of clear renal cell carcinoma to the vocal cords, since it is very infrequent, and there are no similar reports in the country. A male patient, 57 years old, presenting dysphonia for a duration of 3 months. Nasofibroscopy showed a polypoid lesion in the left vocal cord and ventricle. Larynx microsurgery was performed, and a sample was sent for biopsy, which reported a metastatic lesion of RCC clear cells. When assessed by nephrology, a left renal tumor is found, suggesting RCC. The metastasis of distant site neoplasias are infrequent. RCC is considered the third in frequency concerning to infraclavicular neoplasias. These can present up to 10 years after the treatment of the primary. Long term follow-up is recommended, and an emphasis on new symptoms in the head and neck region, considering the history of RCC in patients with dysphonia and polypoid lesions in vocal cords.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Vocal Cords/pathology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary , Laryngeal Neoplasms/secondary , Polyps/pathology , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology
4.
Acta biol. colomb ; 26(3): 303-311, sep.-dic. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360024

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Los desechos derivados del proceso de perforación en las plataformas marinas petroleras pueden dejar hasta 200 000 toneladas de residuos de perforación en los ecosistemas marinos. El principal agente contaminante son los lodos de perforación petrolera (LPPs), que son usados para enfriar y lubricar la broca de perforación, además de contrarrestar fuerzas de presión y posibles fugas de hidrocarburos. Se sabe que los LPPs tienen un efecto contaminante y tóxico observándose alteraciones en los ecosistemas y efectos adversos en organismos invertebrados marinos, debidos principalmente a la presencia de barita y trazas de metales pesados. En este trabajo se realizaron experimentos de exposición hiperagudos con mezclas completas de lodos de perforación base agua (WBM) a máximos niveles de concentración en colonias de Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus. Los resultados mostraron cambios significativos (p < 0,001) en la morfología de los pólipos inmediatamente después del contacto con WBM, con un incremento 1,5 veces en el diámetro del pólipo y una retracción en la longitud de los tentáculos del 75 %. Después de la exposición (fase de recuperación), se observó una disminución de biomasa a las 72 h con pérdida del 50 % de los pólipos y una reducción de la mata estolonal cercana al 50 % (p < 0,01). Efectos similares han sido reportados en otras especies de cnidarios, como los corales, donde se observó retracción de pólipos y zonas expuestas de exoesqueleto. La exposición a WBM genera irritación tisular en exposición directa y en casos severos pérdida de biomasa.


ABSTRACT Wastes derived from the drilling process on offshore oil platforms can leave up to 200 000 tons of cuttings in marine ecosystems. The principal pollutants in cuttings are drilling muds (DM). The DM are used to cool and lubricate the drill bit, counteract pressure forces and possible hydrocarbon leaks. DM contaminate the marine environment and have toxic adverse effects upon marine invertebrate organisms, mainly due to the presence of barite and traces of heavy metals. In this research, hyperacute exposure experiments were performed with complete mixtures of water-based drilling muds (WBM) at maximum concentration levels in Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus colonies. Results showed significant changes (p < 0.001) in polyp morphology immediately after contact with WBM, with a 1.5-fold increase in its diameter and a 75 % of retraction in the length of the tentacles. A biomass loss was observed after exposure (recovery phase). Near 50 % of polyps and stolonal mat were bioabsorbed with statistical significance (p < 0.01) at 72 h. Similar effects have been reported in other species of cnidarians, such as corals, where there is retraction of polyps and exoskeleton exposed areas also observed. Exposure to WBM generates tissue irritation and extreme cases loss of biomass.

5.
Interdisciplinaria ; 38(3): 24-48, jun. 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1356326

ABSTRACT

Resumen La relación de pareja es una dimensión central de la vida de las personas que repercute en su felicidad y bienestar. Este tema es de interés para diversas disciplinas, teniendo un amplio recorrido en investigación, y ha sido abordado desde diferentes paradigmas y perspectivas de estudio. Con el objetivo de analizar las investigaciones llevadas a cabo sobre relaciones de pareja desde el año 2000 al 2018, se revisan 83 publicaciones localizadas tras una búsqueda exhaustiva en las principales bases de datos. Los resultados apuntan a que la mayoría de las investigaciones optan por una metodología exclusivamente cuantitativa, tienden a emplear instrumentos ya validados, cuentan con muestras de hasta 250 participantes y abordan temas clásicos como la satisfacción, la sexualidad o la comunicación en pareja. La información aportada permite obtener una visión global del tema de estudio y está encaminada a poder replicar, proponer nuevas o ampliar las investigaciones ya realizadas.


Abstract Couple relationships, as the fundamental basis of family relationships, is a crucial dimension within the lives of people that also impacts on their happiness and well-being. These relationships are underpinned by mutual caring and attachment bonds, which, properly developed, entail a source of emotional and social support. This support also contributes to build the identity, improve the social competence, and, ultimately, strengthen own and family well-being. This topic is likely to arouse the interest at a social and scientific level and is addressed from several disciplines such as Psychology, Sociology, Pedagogy, or Social Work. This interest has provided this topic with a broad overview in the related research, being addressed from different paradigms and study prospects. This study is aimed at analyzing the research conducted on couple relationships from 2000 to 2018 in Spanish-speaking countries. Therefore, we present a systematic review of 83 scientific publications retrieved after an extensive search in the main databases (WOS, SCOPUS, Dialnet Plus, Redalyc, and ISOC) and the search engine Google Scholar. Specifically, the study specifies the dimensions and variables that have been the subject of study among these relationships, their objectives and methods (with particular emphasis on the instruments used), and the sample type and size the authors deemed necessary. In addition to the year of publication and the geographical delimitation, it was also included as criteria the publication format (only scientific papers) and papers with a Social Sciences content with topics not related to violence. Results suggest that most researchers follow an entirely quantitative methodology, tend to use validated instruments, have samples up to 250 participants, and address traditional topics such as satisfaction, sexuality, and communication in couples. Also, the predominant trend is to focus on a single thematic content, being lower the presence of studies addressing the interaction between two topics (e.g., satisfaction and communication), and even least common those studies that extend the dimensions analyzed to three or more. Regarding the content, the papers reviewed confirm the thinking that the couple's well-being and their satisfaction has a multicausal nature, which goes beyond the couple, since it includes the influence of the couple's social and cultural context. In this regard, specific socio-demographic characteristics such as having children, gender, and relationship duration seem to have a greater impact and arouse more interest than others. To complement this work, it is also included other topics usually related to how the couples are shaped and the satisfaction perceived, such as, for example, the fear of intimacy and anxiety, the sense of humor, the psychological well-being, and living with a positive family context. Furthermore, the publications addressed allow to locate emerging topics, such as the use of technology and its impact on the couple relationships, and also reveal the absence of studies integrating new structures of couple relationships, like polyamory. In conclusion, this review helps to get a general overview of the topic studied in order to suggest further research or expand the research already conducted. Similarly, the information provided encourages researchers to replicate the studies analyzed with different samples (location, age, sample size, etc.) and with more ambitious methodological design given that, though exceptionally, there are results which buck against the current predominant trends, and to complement this study focused on Spanish-speaking research with English, French and Portuguese publications.

6.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 36(3): 169-175, set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138551

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La cantidad de pacientes asmáticos que asisten al sistema público de salud es cada vez mayor, no obstante, la tasa de adherencia al tratamiento es muy baja, siendo los adolescentes quienes presentan mayor porcentaje de abandono al tratamiento, inasistencia a sus controles y gran conflicto decisional (CD). El OBJETIVO de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de consejerías sobre el CD en relación al tratamiento del asma y el nivel de control de su enfermedad. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio pre-experimental que reclutó a 32 niños asmáticos entre 10 a 14 años de edad del policlínico respiratorio infantil del hospital Carlos Van Buren de Valparaíso. Solo 15 niños estuvieron dispuestos a participar en el estudio quienes completaron la totalidad de las sesiones de consejería. Para determinar el grado de CD de su patología, se aplicó la Escala de Conflicto Decisional de Ottawa; y para el nivel del control del asma, se usó la Escala Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). RESULTADOS: La edad media del grupo de niños fue de 12,06 ± 1,16 años. Finalizada la intervención, el nivel de control de asma se mantuvo y la media del CD disminuyó de 34,05 ± 4,59 a 18,02 ± 3,01 puntos (p < 0,05; t de Student para muestras pareadas). Un 73,3% de los pacientes disminuyó su nivel de conflicto decisional. CONCLUSIÓN: Las consejerías de apoyo decisional demostraron tener efectos positivos en la población estudiada.


INTRODUCTION: The number of asthmatic patients attending the public health system is increasing. However, the rate of adherence to treatment is very low. Adolescents have the largest percentage of abandonment to treatment, lack of control and a great decisional conflict (DC). The OBJECTIVE of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of counseling on the DC in relation to asthma treatment and the level of control of their disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-experimental study that recruited 32 asthmatic children from 10 to 14 years-old, from the children's respiratory outpatients clinic of Carlos Van Buren hospital in Valparaíso, Chile. Only 15 children were willing to participate in the study and completed all of the counseling sessions. To determine the degree of DC of its pathology, the Ottawa Decision Conflict Scale was applied; and for the Asthma Control level, the Global Initiative for Asthma Scale (GINA) was used. RESULTS: Mean children age was 12.06 ± 1.16 years-old. After the intervention, the level of Asthma Control was maintained and the mean of the DC decrease from 34.05 ± 4.59 to 18.02 ± 3.01 points (p < 0.05; paired Student's t-test). 73.3% of the patients lowered their level of decisional conflict. CONCLUSION: The counseling of decision support proved to have positive effects on the population studied.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Asthma/psychology , Conflict, Psychological , Counseling/methods , Decision Making , Outpatients , Patient Participation/psychology , Asthma/therapy , Treatment Adherence and Compliance
8.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 29(1): 34-47, 20180000. Ilus., Tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-980184

ABSTRACT

The excessive pathological scars are subdivided into hypertrophic, keloid and contracted. They have a complex pathophysiology, not entirely known that only exists in humans. Although the frequency of presentation is not high, excessive pathological scars can affect several areas of human functioning, in the first level of functions and body structures and in the second level of activities of daily life and participation. The evaluation of patients must be complete, including the scar, and any other affected body system, together with psychological, functional and socioeconomic factors. In the treatment of excessive scars there are multiple options that must be combined for a better result. The non-surgical treatments of the most used scars are the pressotherapy, silicone plates, intralesional injections and laser. There are other rehabilitation treatments that although without solid evidence could have a role in patients. The referral to the rehabilitation service is recommended for patients with excessive pathological scars located in areas of folds or special areas and / or, which are accompanied by pain, alterations in the function of the body segment or limitations in activities of daily life, for comprehensive assessment and multidisciplinary management. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cicatrix/classification , Cicatrix/physiopathology , Cicatrix/therapy , Cicatrix/complications , Cicatrix/diagnosis
9.
Enferm. univ ; 14(3): 184-190, jul.-sep. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-891516

ABSTRACT

La modalidad e-learning se ha convertido en un método que ha permitido a los profesionales de la salud actualizar sus conocimientos. Esta forma de enseñanza facilita la construcción de aprendizaje colaborativo entre quienes participan en foros de discusión. Objetivo: Describir la construcción de conocimiento colaborativo de profesionales de la salud de las comunidades virtuales de aprendizaje que participan en cursos del Programa de Educación Continua de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad Católica de Chile en 2014. Método: Estudio mixto cuantitativo descriptivo y cualitativo con análisis de contenido según Earl Babbie y basado en el modelo de Gunawardena. Resultados: La construcción de conocimiento se realiza, predominantemente, en las fases I y II del modelo de Gunawardena. Conclusión: Si bien los foros permiten la construcción de conocimiento colaborativo, en áreas específicas del saber, al igual que algunos otros estudios reportados en la literatura, el conocimiento alcanza solo las primeras etapas del modelo de Gunawardena, que implicaría que comparten información y establecen desacuerdos entre los argumentos, pero no se lograría un mayor aprendizaje, es decir, generan una propuesta con las ideas del grupo, contrastan lo discutido con la experiencia personal o información existente, sin embargo no aplican los nuevos conocimientos construidos.


E-learning modality has become a method which has allowed health professionals to update their knowledge. It is a teaching strategy which facilitates the collaborative knowledge building among those participating in the discussion forums. Objective: To describe collaborative knowledge building among health professionals in learning virtual communities who participate in courses of the Continuous Education Program of the Nursing School of the Catholic University of Chile in 2014. Method: This is a quantitative, descriptive, and qualitative study with content analysis following the guidelines of Earl Babbie and based on the Gunawardena model. Results: Knowledge building takes place, mainly, in stages II and II of the Gunawardena model. Conclusion: While these forums allow the building of collaborative knowledge in some specifiareas, as it was reported in other studies, this knowledge only reaches the first stages of the Gunawardena model, which means that there is information sharing, and arguments are agreed or disagreed, but there is no further learning; in other words, the proposed group's ideas contrast the discussions around personal experiences or existing knowledge, however, the new built knowledge is not applied.


Resumo: A modalidade e-learning tornou-se em um método que permitiu aos profissionais da saúde atualizar seus conhecimentos. Esta forma de ensino facilita a construção de aprendizagem colaborativa entre quem participa em foros de discussão. Objetivo: Descrever a construção de conhecimento colaborativo de profissionais da saúde das comunidades virtuais de aprendizagem que participam em cursos do Programa de Educação Continuada da Escola de Enfermagem da Universidade Católica do Chile em 2014. Método: Estudo misto quantitativo descritivo e qualitativo com análise de conteúdo segundo Earl Babbie e baseado no modelo de Gunawardena. Resultados: A construção de conhecimento realiza-se, predominantemente, nas fase I e II modelo de Gunawardena. Conclusão: Se bem os foros permitem a construção de conhecimento colaborativo, em áreas específicas do saber, ao igual que alguns outros estudos reportados na literatura, o conhecimento só atinge as primeiras etapas do modelo de Gunawardena, que implicaria que compartilham informação e estabelecem desacordos entre os argumentos, mas não se consegue uma maior aprendizagem, quer dizer, geram uma proposta com as ideias do grupo, contrastam o discutido com a experiência pessoal ou informação existente, no entanto, não aplicam os novos conhecimentos construídos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Personnel , Knowledge , Discussion Forums , Occupational Groups
10.
Revista Digital de Postgrado ; 6(1): 11-27, jun. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1096803

ABSTRACT

Comparar la calidad de vida (CV) en mujeres posmenopáusicas antes y después del tratamiento con Tibolona atendidas en la consulta ginecológica de la Maternidad "Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza", Maracaibo, Venezuela. Métodos: Investigación comparativa y aplicada, con diseño no experimental, y prospectivo, que incluyo una muestra de 100 pacientes posmenopáusicas, evaluadas antes y después de 6 y 12 meses de recibir la terapia de reemplazo hormonal con Tibolona oral (2,5mg/día) por medio del cuestionario Menopause Rating Scale (MRS).Resultados: 94 mujeres completaron el protocolo de estudio, determinándose que antes de comenzar el tratamiento la mayoría presentaba síntomas somáticos, psicológicos y genitourinarios severos, mientras que al cabo de 12 meses de tratamiento hubo una mejoría significativa en todos los síntomas estudiados (P= 0.000). Asimismo, se evidenció una mejora significativa en la CV luego del tratamiento con Tibolona, expresada por una regresión de las mediasen las puntuaciones alcanzadas con el MRS entre la medición inicial, a los 6 y a los 12 meses; con un porcentaje de cambio en la CV de las pacientes participantes de -38,33% y -82.20% después de 6 y 12 meses de la intervención farmacológica, los cuales resultaron de relevancia clínica y significancia estadística (P= 0.000). Conclusión: La terapia hormonal sustitutiva con Tibolona mejora la CV de las pacientes posmenopáusicas en todas sus dimensiones, sobre todo en cuanto a la disminución de los síntomas somáticos.Palabras clave: calidad de vida, menopausia, terapia de reemplazo hormonal, tibolona(AU)


To compare the quality of life (QOL) in postmenopausal women before and after treatment with Tibolone attending at the gynaecological consultation in the "Maternidad Dr. Armando Castillo Plaza", Maracaibo, Venezuela. Methods: Comparative and applied research with quasi experimental and prospective design, which included a sample of 100 postmenopausal women, evaluated before and after 6 and 12 months receiving hormone replacement therapy with oral Tibolone (2,5mg/day) through the questionnaire Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Results: 94 women completed the study protocol, it was found that before treatment the majority had most somatic, psychological and severe genitourinary, while after 12 months of treatment there was a significant improvement in all symptoms studied (P = 0.000 .) We also demonstrated a significant improvement in QOL after treatment with Tibolone, expressed by a regression of the means of the scores obtained with the MRS between the initial measurement, at 6 and 12 months, with a percentage change in the CV of the patients participating -38.33% -82.20% and after 6 and 12 months of pharmacological intervention, which were of clinical relevance and statistical significance (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Hormone replacement therapy with Tibolone improves QOL of the postmenopausal patients in all its dimensions, especially in terms of reduction in somatic symptoms(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Postmenopause/drug effects , Hormone Replacement Therapy/adverse effects , Estrogens/administration & dosage , Quality of Life , Affect , Gynecology
11.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 53(4): 251-260, dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-772363

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Health students are likely to experience anxiety, depression and stress freshman year, affecting their performance and adaptation. The scant evidence of the relationship between personality like dispositional-condition with the above symptoms, limited understanding of this phenomenon in the studied sample. Objective: To establish the relationship of the dimensions of personality, anxiety, depression and stress freshmen in medical and nursing. Method: We surveyed the Kernberg inventory of personality organization and scale of depression, anxiety and stress, to a sample of 110 university/as first-year medical and nursing schools, three universities of La Serena and Coquimbo, data thrown by two instruments were correlated using r Pearson’s. Results: It was found correlation between all dimensions of personality organization, with anxiety, depression and stress. In addition, 47 percent have anxiety, depression 28 percent and 44 percent stress amid a severe ranges. A 65 percent rate with borderline personality structure where two dimensions of personality have high values. Conclusion: It is found that the greater integration of the personality, the lower the level of anxiety, depression and stress, Since it is proposed to evaluate early both conditions would guide remedial actions that favor the development of these students early stages of the learning process moreover the discussion arises around being considered to evaluate behaviors entries in the selection process to the races.


Introducción: Los estudiantes de salud están proclives a presentar ansiedad, depresión y estrés en el primer año de carrera, afectándose su desempeño y adaptación. La escasa evidencia de la relación entre la personalidad -como condición disposicional- con los síntomas antes mencionados, limita la comprensión de este fenómeno en la muestra estudiada. Objetivo: Establecer la relación de las dimensiones de personalidad, con la ansiedad, depresión y estrés en estudiantes de primer año de medicina y enfermería. Método: Se encuestó con el inventario de organización de personalidad de Kernbergy la escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, a una muestra de 110 universitarios/as de primer año de medicina y enfermería, de tres universidades de La Serena y Coquimbo, los datos arrojados por ambos instrumentos se correlacionaron usando r de Pearson. Resultados: Se encontró correlación entre todas las dimensiones de organización de la personalidad, con la ansiedad, depresión y estrés. Además, un 47 por ciento presenta ansiedad, 28 por ciento depresión y 44 por ciento estrés, en rangos medio a muy severo. Un 65 por ciento califica con estructura de personalidad limítrofe donde dos dimensiones de personalidad presentan valores altos. Conclusión: Se constata que a mayor integración de la personalidad, menor es el nivel de ansiedad, depresión y estrés, A partir de ello se propone que evaluar tempranamente ambas condiciones permitiría orientar acciones paliativas que favorezcan el desarrollo de estos estudiantes en etapas iniciales del proceso formativo, por otra parte, se plantea la discusión en torno a ser consideradas conductas de entradas a evaluar en los procesos de selección a las carreras.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Anxiety , Depression , Students, Nursing/psychology , Students, Medical/psychology , Stress, Psychological , Personality Inventory , Surveys and Questionnaires
12.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 86(2): 97-102, abr. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-752886

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La obsesión por la delgadez y la insatisfacción corporal pueden llevar a las adolescentes a seguir dietas sin supervisión, lo que podría asociarse además a conductas riesgosas de control de peso, tales como ayuno, vómitos, uso de diuréticos y laxantes. El objetivo fue explorar conductas de control de peso en adolescentes dietantes y relacionarlas con insatisfacción corporal (IC) y obsesión por la delgadez (DT). Pacientes y Método: Estudio transversal en 439 adolescentes de colegios públicos de Valparaíso diseñado para indagar conductas de control de peso riesgosas a través de escalas de IC y DT del Cuestionario de Trastornos Alimentarios (EDI-2), comparando dietantes y no dietantes. Resultados: El 43% había realizado dieta sin supervisión médica. Las dietantes presentan valores superiores en DT e IC. El 29,6% de ellas presenta restricción alimentaria de riesgo moderado a alto, tomando como base el criterio de expertos, y se encuentran diferencias en la presencia y severidad de las conductas purgativas de control de peso entre los dos grupos estudiados. Conclusiones: Un tercio de las adolescentes estudiadas hacen dietas sin supervisión profesional, presentan mayor IC y DT y conductas riesgosas de control de peso. Aquellas con sobrepeso y obesidad realizan dietas más restrictivas y conductas de control de peso más riesgosas.


Introduction: Obsession with thinness and body dissatisfaction can lead adolescents to follow unsupervised diets, which could result in risky weight control behaviors such as fasting, vomiting, use of diuretics and laxatives. The aim of the current study is to examine weight control behaviors in dieting adolescents and relate them to body dissatisfaction (BD) and obsession with thinness (OT). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 439 adolescents from Valparaiso public schools to investigate risky weight control behaviors due to BD and OT scales from the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2), comparing restrained eaters and non-restrained eaters. Results: A total of 43% adolescents had followed a weight loss diet without medical supervision. The dieters had higher BD and OT values. Moderate to severe food restriction, based on expert judgment, was observed in 29.6%, and differences in the presence and severity of purging behaviors were found between the 2 groups. Conclusions: One third of the adolescents studied followed diets without professional supervision and had higher BD and OT values, as well as risky weight control behaviors. Overweight and obese adolescents followed more restrictive diets and developed riskier weight control behaviors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Thinness/psychology , Body Image/psychology , Diet, Reducing/statistics & numerical data , Obsessive Behavior/psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/epidemiology , Chile , Cross-Sectional Studies , Adolescent Behavior , Diet, Reducing/psychology , Overweight/psychology , Overweight/epidemiology , Obesity/psychology , Obesity/epidemiology
13.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1170958

ABSTRACT

Restrictive cardiomyopathy is the least common form of cardiomyopathy, and the disease that most often cause it, is the system amyloidosis. We present a 62-year-old with a history of heart failure, which in its assessment highlights the discrepancy between the low voltage ventricular complexes in the electrocardiogram and the severity of left ventricular wall thickness on echocardiography. This discrepancy was the source of suspicion and subsequent confirmation of systemic amyloidosis with cardiac involvement.


Subject(s)
Amyloidosis/diagnosis , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive/diagnosis , Electrocardiography/methods , Heart Ventricles/diagnostic imaging , Amyloidosis/complications , Cardiomyopathy, Restrictive/etiology , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Heart Failure/complications , Male , Myocardium/pathology , Middle Aged , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology
14.
Kasmera ; 40(2): 122-133, jul. 2012. ilus, graf, mapas, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-698174

ABSTRACT

La epimastigogénesis de Trypanosoma cruzi ocurre naturalmente en el intestino del hospedador invertebrado. Se desconoce si los cambios morfológicos que ocurren durante la transformación de los tripomastigotas sanguíneos en epimastigotas son idénticos para diferentes aislados de T. cruzi. Aquí mostramos un método útil para estudiar los eventos que ocurren durante la epimastigogénesis, comparando parásitos de diferentes procedencias epidemiológicas. Se alimentaron artificialmente ninfas de V estadio de Rhodnius prolixus con una solución ad hoc conteniendo tripomastigotas tipo-sanguíneo y siguiendo los cambios morfológicos por 8 días. Los contenidos del intestino anterior de las ninfas se obtuvieron decapitando y comprimiendo el abdomen lo que permitió obtener rápidamente casi 100% del inóculo con cargas entre 1,9 y 8,9 × 106 tripomastigotas/ninfa. El número de parásitos por ninfa y los cambios morfológicos se determinaron por Microscopia de Contraste de Fases y coloración con Giemsa. Las ninfas ingirieron 7,4 veces su peso de solución infectante, con volúmenes entre 101 y 357 µL (229 ± 66 mg), 50% de esa ingesta se eliminó como orina durante las primeras 24 h. Los tripomastigotas se transformaron en formas redondeadas antes de evolucionar a epimastigotas, siguiendo cinéticas diferentes según el aislado. Proponemos esta metodología para estudiar rápida y cuantitativamente los eventos tempranos de la epimastigogénesis de T. cruzi in vivo.


Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigogenesis naturally occurs in the intestine of the invertebrate host. It is not known whether the morphological changes that occur during transformation of bloodstream trypomastigotes to epimastigotes are identical for different T. cruzi isolates. This research shows a useful method for studying the events that occur during epimastigogenesis, comparing parasites from epidemiological sources. Rhodnius prolixus V stage nymphs were fed artificially with an ad hoc solution containing blood-like trypomastigotes and the morphological changes were examined during eight days. Anterior intestinal contents were removed by decapitation and squeezing the abdomen of the nymphs, which permitted obtaining quickly almost 100% of the inoculate with loads between 1.9 and 8.9 × 106 trypomastigotes/nymph. The number of parasites per nymph and morphological changes were determined using phase microscopy with Giemsa staining. The nymphs ingested 7.4 times their weight of the infecting solution with volumes between 101 e 357 µL (229 ± 66 mg); 50% of the ingest was eliminated as urine during the first 24 hours. The trypomastigotes transformed to rounded forms before evolving into epimastigotes following different kinetics according to the isolate. This method is proposed for rapid, quantitative study of the early events of epimastigogenesis for T. cruzi in vivo.


Subject(s)
Gastrointestinal Contents/parasitology , Rhodnius/cytology , Trypanosoma cruzi/cytology , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification
15.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 27(6): 544-550, dic. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-572920

ABSTRACT

The capacity of the DIRAMIC system to detect strains producing extended-spectrum-betalactamase (ESBL) was evaluated through the comparison with two phenotypic confirmatory tests: double-disk synergy test and E-test. Ninety seven clinical isolates of Escherichia coli y Klebsiella spp. previously characterized; not repeated and suspected of being ESBL producers were studied by the three methods. In comparison with E-test and double-disk synergy test, DIRAMIC system showed a sensitivity of 85.7 percent and 92.7 percent as well as specificity of 100 percent and 92.9 percent; respectively. The values found have a very high degree of concordance (kappa index > 0.80). The results obtained vouch for the utility of the DIRAMIC as a rapid method to alert about the presence of strains producing ESBL enzymes.


Se evaluó la capacidad del sistema DIRAMIC-Cuba para detectar cepas productoras de p-lactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE), mediante la comparación con dos métodos fenotípicos confirmatorios: doble difusión con discos y E-test. Noventa y siete aislados clínicos de Escherichia coli y Klebsieüa spp previamente caracterizados, no repetidos, sospechosos de producir BLEE se estudiaron por los tres procedimientos para determinar sensibilidad, especificidad y concordancia entre los resultados. Para el sistema DIRAMIC se encontró una sensibilidad de 85,7 y 92,7 por ciento y una especificidad de 100 y 92,9 por ciento en comparación con E-test y doble difusión con discos, respectivamente. Los valores de concordancia encontrados fueron muy altos (índice kappa > 0,80). Los resultados obtenidos avalan la utilidad del sistema DIRAMIC como vía rápida, para alertar al médico acerca de la presencia de cepas productoras de BLEE, aunque es necesario profundizar y ampliar el estudio a modo de emitir resultados más precisos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Escherichia coli/enzymology , Klebsiella/enzymology , beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests , Escherichia coli/drug effects , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Klebsiella/drug effects , Klebsiella/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Phenotype , Sensitivity and Specificity
16.
Arch. chil. oftalmol ; 65(2): 33-44, 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-609874

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 3 casos clínicos de obstrucción de arteria central de la retina del ojo izquierdo: Una paciente con patología cardiovascular concomitante, sin posibilidad de fibrinolisis selectiva, con antecedentes de amaurosis fugax y secuelas neurológicas por episodios previos de tromboembolismo a territorio superior no detectados, y 2 pacientes que consultaron tardíamente en los cuales no se efectuó ningún tratamiento, sólo búsqueda del origen del cuadro ocular, en forma ambulatoria. Se discute acerca del tratamiento actual de las obstrucciones arteriales retinales agudas y la controversia referente a los ensayos clínicos en curso.


We present three clinical cases about central retinal artery occlusion all in the left eye: A female patient with concomitant cardiovascular disease, without chance selective fibrinolysis, who suffered amaurosis fugax and neurologic consequences from undetectable previous events of thromboembolism upward central nervous system, and two male patients with late consultation which no treatment was applied, only seeking origin of the ocular disease, by n outpatient basis. We discuss about current treatment of acute central retinal artery occlusion and controversy referring to ongoing clinical trials.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Retinal Artery Occlusion/diagnosis , Retinal Artery Occlusion/therapy
18.
Acimed (Impr.) ; 16(5)nov. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-486084

ABSTRACT

Con el objetivo de estudiar la visibilidad de la producción científica de Cuba, se identificaron las publicaciones de académicos cubanos, tanto los de mérito como los de la Sección de ciencias biomédicas y de la Sección de ciencias exactas y naturales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, procesada en la base de datos Scopus. Dos mujeres: las doctoras Rosa María Más Ferreiro y María Guadalupe Guzmán, no sólo fueron las más productivas sino que además, sus obras presentaron el mejor impacto. El hallazgo corrobora el papel de la mujer en la ciencia cubana.


Aimed at studying the visibility of the Cuban scientific production, the publications of both, merit and number academic members of the Biomedical Section and of the Natural and Exact Sciences Section of the Cuban Academy of Science, processed in the Scopus database, were identified. Two women, doctors Rosa María Más Ferreiro and María Guadalupe Guzmán, were not only the most productive ones, but also their works had the best impact. These findings corroborated the role played by women in the Cuban science.


Subject(s)
Authorship in Scientific Publications , Bibliometrics , Women
19.
Acimed (Impr.) ; 16(4)oct. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-486159

ABSTRACT

El primer informe en el hemisferio occidental sobre el Angiostrongylus cantonensis, causante de la meningoencefalitis eosinofílica, se realizó en Cuba en 1981. A lo largo de 25 años, muchos investigadores cubanos han estudiado, tanto al parásito, como la enfermedad que produce en el hombre. Con el objetivo de analizar el impacto científico de estos aportes, se revisaron las bases de datos Medline (PubMed), ScieELO, Revistas Médicas Cubanas, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar y WOSCU. Los 37 artículos identificados constituyen una prueba del aporte de nuestros investigadores al conocimiento universal de esta parasitosis emergente en nuestro hemisferio.


The first report in the Western Hemisphere of Angiostrongylus cantonensis, which causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis, was made in Cuba, in 1981. For 25 years, several Cuban researchers have studied the parasite and the disease it produces in human beings. In order to analyse the scientific impact of these contributions, Medline (PubMed), ScieELO, Revistas Médicas Cubanas, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar y WOSCU databases, were reviewed. The 37 papers found are a proof of the contributions or our researchers to the universal knowledge of this emerging parasitosis in our hemisphere.


Subject(s)
Authorship in Scientific Publications , Bibliometrics , Meningoencephalitis/cerebrospinal fluid
20.
Acimed (Impr.) ; 16(3)sept. 2007. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-486098

ABSTRACT

El Premio Anual de la Salud se ha convertido en un acontecimiento científico relevante de las ciencias médicas cubanas. Se analiza la visibilidad e impacto de los premios anuales de la salud en la modalidad de artículo científico del año 2006. Para ello, se revisaron las bases PubMed y Web of Science para evaluar la visibilidad e impacto, se revisaron las bases Scopus y Google Académico. El 75 por ciento de las publicaciones premiadas fueron procesadas por PubMed y el Web of Science. Con respecto al factor de impacto de las revistas, dos presentan un muy alto factor de impacto, 4 un factor de impacto alto, 1 un factor de impacto moderado y 2 no tienen un factor de impacto reconocido. Tres artículos recibieron 8 o más citas en Scopus y Google Académico. Sirva la presente contribución para abrir el estudio en esta modalidad de análisis de la producción científica nacional.


The National Health Award has become a relevant scientific event of the Cuban medical sciences. The visibility and impact of the annual health awards granted in 2006 in the modality of scientific articles are analyzed. To this end, PubMed and Web of Science databases, as well as Scopus and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed to evaluate the visibility and impact. 75 per cent of the awarded publications were processed by PubMed and Web of Science. As regards the impact factor of the journals, 2 had a very high impact factor, 4 a high impact factor, 1 a moderate impact factor and 2 did not have a recognized impact factor. Three articles were had 8 or more citations in Scopus and Google Scholar. This paper may contribute to open the study of this kind of analysis of the national scientific production.


Subject(s)
Impact Factor , Scientific and Technical Publications , Periodical
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL