ABSTRACT
Introducción: Los antibióticos betalactámicos son los más utilizados en el tratamiento de las infecciones urinarias en el Perú. La resistencia bacteriana se produce frecuentemente por la presencia de Betalactamasas de Espectro Extendido (BLEE) en enterobacterias. Objetivo: Determinar la multirresistencia en E. coli asociada a betalactamasas de espectro extendido en urocultivos de adultos que residen en la provincia de Tambopata-Madre De Dios. El estudio: Estudio no experimental, descriptivo, la detección y la confirmación de BLEE se realizó con la técnica de doble disco usando ceftazidima, cefotaxima, cefepime, aztreonam y amoxicilina más ácido clavulánico. La resistencia y susceptibilidad microbiana se identificó usando la técnica de disco de difusión. Hallazgos: Se aislaron 162 cepas de E. coli. Se identificaron cepas con resistencia a los antibióticos ampicilina (71%), trimetoprim sulfametoxazol (49%), ácido ciprofloxacino (37%), ácido nalidíxico (37%) y aztreonam (31%). Conclusión: Existe resistencia antimicrobiana mediada por cepas de E. coli productoras BLEE.
Background:Beta-lactamantibioticsarethemostusedinthe treatment of urinary infections in Peru. Bacterial resistance is frequently produced by the presence of Extended Spectrum Betalactamases (ESBL) in Enterobacteriaceae. To determine the multi-resistance inObjective:E. coliassociated to extended spectrum beta-lactamases in urine cultures from adults residing in the province of Tambopata-Madre De Dios. The study:Non-experimental, descriptive study, detection and confirmation of ESBLwas performed with the double disc technique using ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefepime, aztreonam and amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid. Microbial resistance and susceptibility was identified using the diffusion disk technique. 162 strains of E. coliwere isolated. Strains Findings:withresistancetotheantibioticsampicillin(71%),trimethoprine sulfamethoxazole (49%), ciprofloxacin acid (37%), nalidixic acid (37%) andaztreonam(31%)wereidentified.Thereis Conclusion:antimicrobial resistance mediated by ESBL-producing strains of E. coli.
Subject(s)
Humans , Body Image/psychology , Psychology, Adolescent , Body Dysmorphic Disorders/psychology , Psychology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/etiology , Feeding and Eating Disorders/psychology , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Malnutrition/etiology , Malnutrition/psychology , Overweight/etiology , Overweight/psychologyABSTRACT
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men worldwide. Chemotherapy response is very poor and resistance to hormone-based treatments is frequent in advances stages. Recently, tumor-initiating cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in several cancers, including PCa. These cells are thought to be responsible for therapy resistance, relapse and metastasis. In the present work, enriched populations of CSCs were obtained using a mixed procedure that included differential clone-forming ability, sphere growing induction (prostatospheres) and magnetic-associated cell sorting (MACS). Also, stem marker expression was determined in PCa biopsies of different histological grades and metastasis samples. The signature for stem markers of the isolated CSCs was CD133+/CD44+/ABCG2+/ CD24-. Expression of stem markers (CD133, CD44, and ABCG2) was higher in medium Gleason biopsies than in lower and higher grades, and lymph-node and bone metastasis samples. These results suggest that the CSCs in PCa reach an important number in medium Gleason grades, when the tumor is still confined into the gland. At this stage, the surgical treatment is usually with curative intention. However, an important percentage of patients relapse after treatment. Number and signature of CSCs may be a prognosis factor for PCa recurrence.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Antigens, CD/analysis , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology , Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics , Biopsy , Bone Neoplasms/secondary , Cell Separation , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Prognosis , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Tumor Stem Cell Assay , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysisABSTRACT
Syndecans, a family of heparan sulphate proteoglycans that are present in the cellsurface are involved in the control o fcel lproliferation, apoptosis and transfor-mation. Syndecans 1 and 2 have a central role in processes such as position control, invasion, angiogenesis and metastases ofseveral types of cáncer The expression of Syndecan 1 in epithelial cells, decreases when cells are transformed and acquire invasive properties. This decreased expression is associated to a bad prognosis. Syndecan 2, originally described in mesenchymal cells, favors cell apoptosis, increa-ses angiogenesis and controls the death of cáncer cells subjected to chemotherapy Both syndecans are present in basal and epithelial cells of prostate cancer Their lower expression is associated to more undifferentiated tumors. Disturbances in the expression and subcellular location of syndecans predict the relapse of localized tumors. Syndecans 1 and 2 can be considered tumor suppression genes and can be targetsfor new treatments. The detection of circulating fragments of these molecules could be useful for the early detection of prostate cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Syndecan-1/metabolism , /metabolism , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Prognosis , Syndecan-1/analysis , /analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysisABSTRACT
En el presente trabajo se estudió el efecto de dietas ricas en mantequilla y dos margarinas que se comercializan en Chile 10 por ciento de la dieta en peso sobre los lípidos séricos e histología arterial y hepática de conejos machos. Cada grupo incluyendo uno control contó con 5 conejos neo zelandeses de 4 meses al comenzar los experimentos. El período de la dieta fueron 60 días. Los resultados mostraron que tanto la mantequilla como las margarinas aumentan el colesterol sérico y los lípidos totales de los animales luego de 15 y 45 días de tratamiento. Sin embargo ninguna de las dietas estudiadas produjo daño histológico aparente en arterias e hígado. No se puede descartar que estas dietas puedan producir alteraciones histológicas detectables a tiempos de experimentación más prolongados