ABSTRACT
Zika is a flavivirus transmitted by the Aedes spp. mosquito, characterized by an asymptomatic presentation in 80% of the cases. When symptoms develop, the primary manifestation is a macopapular rash. Zika is phylogenetically related to other viruses such as dengue, yellow fever, and West Nile. In Colombia, the endemic region for dengue and chikungunya is considered potentially endemic for Zika. The relevance of the virus lies in the associated neurological sequelae including microcephaly of the newborn, and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Furthermore, in view of its re-emergence and association to these sequelae, Zika represents a medical challenge that goes beyond a public health concern, but involves other clinical specialties.
Subject(s)
HumansABSTRACT
Sanitary evaluation of different brands of cooked pork ham stunned naturally and not stunned set in several supermarkets of Bogotá D.C. Materials and methods. Were analyzed 10 brands of cooked pork ham during 45 days, refreshed in fridge low the same conditions of the consumer, from three different supermarkets. Recounts in plate of important microorganism in the industry of food and of innocuousness were done to sample with or without blown pack and the isolated strains were identified by biochemical tests and molecular biology (PCR) to determine microbial diversity present of the samples and also food-borne-pathogens. Additionally biofilm formation by strains isolated from surfaces in a food industry was tested. Results. 139 strains were isolated from finished product, which 99% (137 strains) belong are classified into lactic acid bacteria group (LAB), the remaining 1% corresponding to yeasts. From 31 strains isolated from surfaces in the sliced zone, 97% (30 strains) presented biofilm formation. Food-borne pathogens were not isolated from finished product or environmental samples. Conclusions. The spoilage caused for blown pack was associated with presence of LAB, due the fact they were isolated from collected samples in the sliced zone and finished product, of this one only LAB were isolated specially Lactobacillus sp.
Subject(s)
Bacteria , BiofilmsABSTRACT
Objetivo Estimar el impacto de la estrategia de Información, Educación y Comunicación sobre la infestación de Aedes aegypti en viviendas de La Dorada. Métodos Estudio transversal adelantado entre junio y julio de 2008 en La Dorada, Colombia. Se seleccionaron 228 viviendas donde se midió presencia del vector a través del método rapid sweeping para formas inmaduras en tanques y de captura activa para adultos. Simultáneamente, una encuesta midió la exposición a la estrategia. La base de datos se analizó en EPI info 2000. Se calcularon Razones de Prevalencia e intervalos de confianza al 95 por ciento. Resultados Las viviendas que no tenían larvas se caracterizaban por tener mujeres cabeza de familia o moradores con conocimiento acerca de las larvas y la forma de transmisión del dengue. Aquellas viviendas donde se lavaba el tanque de agua al menos una vez por semana, carecían de formas inmaduras. La presencia de mosquitos adultos era más frecuente en las casas que tenían más de un tanque. Cerca del 80 por ciento de los encuestados adquirieron el conocimiento de transmisión del dengue a través de la estrategia. Conclusiones Si bien la estrategia no ha sido aplicada en todos sus componentes, se encontraron factores que podrían tener un efecto protectivo al estar relacionados con ausencia del vector. El estudio revela solo un éxito parcial de la estrategia en La Dorada.
Objective Estimating the impact of the Information, Education and Communication strategy on Aedes aegypti infestation in homes in La Dorada, Colombia. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out during June and July 2008 in La Dorada; 228 houses were chosen and vector presence was measured in two ways: immature forms were captured by the rapid sweeping method in water tanks and adults were captured by active collection. A survey simultaneously measured exposure to the strategy. EPI Info 2000 was used for analysing the database so created. Prevalence ratios and 95 percent confidence intervals were calculated. Results A relationship was found between being a housewife and not having larvae present in the home. No immature forms were found in houses where somebody washed the water tank at least once a week. There were also no larvae in homes where people had knowledge about larvae and dengue transmission. The presence of adult forms was found in houses having more than one water tank. Almost 80 percent of the interviewees acquired knowledge about dengue transmission through the strategy. Conclusions Although all strategy components had not been implemented, several factors were found which might have a protective effect (i.e. being related to vector absence). The study showed that the strategy achieved only partial success in La Dorada.