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1.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 7(2): 75-78, ago. 2013. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-716564

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares siguen siendo la principal causa de muerte en Chile. Entre ellas, la hipertensión arterial afecta a aproximadamente un tercio del país, pero solo un 45,9 por ciento de la población en tratamiento alcanza niveles normales de presión arterial. OBJETIVO: Determinar la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico de un grupo de pacientes hipertensos en control en el consultorio del Hospital Comunitario de Yungay, mediante la aplicación del Test de Morisky-Green y analizar factores que podrían estar relacionados con el nivel de adherencia. MATERIALES Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo prospectivo observacional en el que se entrevistó a pacientes atendidos en el consultorio del Hospital Comunitario de Yungay durante Agosto y Septiembre del 2012, utilizando el Test de Morisky Green y agregando otras preguntas en relación a género, edad, escolaridad, red de apoyo y número de medicamentos. Además, en todos los casos se midieron los niveles de presión arterial. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 74 pacientes. El 70,3 por ciento eran mujeres. El promedio de edad fue de 65,3 años. Solo un 45,9 por ciento presentó adherencia a tratamiento y un 47,9 por ciento obtuvo presión arterial bajo control. Entre los factores estudiados, el 51 por ciento tenía educación básica incompleta y el promedio de antihipertensivos fue de 1,75. DISCUSIÓN: La falta de adherencia a tratamiento tiene relación directa con el mal control de presión arterial, por lo que incrementar su investigación y educación en el seguimiento de los pacientes hipertensos debería ser uno de los principales objetivos de los programas cardiovasculares.


Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in Chile. Among them, High Blood Pressure or Hypertension or Arterial Hypertension affects about 1/3 of the country, but only 45.9 percent of the population under treatment reaches normal levels of blood pressure. Objective: determinate the adherence to treatment in a group of hypertensive patients from the Health Center of Yungay’s Communitarian Hospital, by using Morisky-Green Test, and analyze the factors that could be related to the level of adherence. Materials and methods: descriptive, observational and prospective study, perfomed by an interview of hypertensive patients from the Health Center of Yungay’s Communitarian Hospital between August and September 2012, using Morisky-Green Test and adding other questions related to gender, age, school level, support network and number of medications. Besides, blood pressure was taken to all patients. Results: 74 patients were included. 74 percent were women. The age average was 65.3 years. Only 45.9 percent had adherence to treatment and 47.9 percent had blood pressure under control. Within the studied factors, 51 percent of patients had primary educational level incomplete and the average of antihypertensive medications was 1.75. Conclusions and Discussion: The lack of adherence to treatment is directly related to a bad blood pressure control. An increment in investigation and education of the monitoring of hypertensive patients, should be one of the main goals of the cardiovascular programs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Hypertension/drug therapy , Age Distribution , Chile , Educational Status , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Hospitals, Community , Patient Compliance , Prospective Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
2.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 7(1): 49-53, abr. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-716202

ABSTRACT

A principios del año 2010 se reformó en Chile la antigua ley de donación y trasplante de órganos de 1996, instaurando una nueva forma de hacer donantes a los ciudadanos a través del llamado consentimiento presunto. A partir de lo anterior se analiza este concepto en relación a los pilares fundamentales del consentimiento informado; información, voluntariedad y capacidad, enfocado principalmente en los dos primeros. Respecto al principio de voluntariedad es claramente violado ya que actualmente no es necesario que la persona se manifieste para ser donante, sino que es posicionada automáticamente como tal a no ser que escoja lo contrario. Continuando con el análisis, se puede ver como la autoridad ha dejado de lado el principio de información, no poniendo énfasis en éste, a pesar de que la evidencia indica que es una forma efectiva de convencer a pacientes no donantes. La promulgación de la ley debe ser complementada con entrega de información y educación a los distintos sectores cívicos.


In early 2010, in Chile, the law of organ donation and transplantation from 1996 was amend ended, establishing a new form of organ donation to citizens through the presumed consent. From the above, this concept is analyzed according to the fundamental pillars of informed consent; information, voluntariness and capacity, mainly focused on the first two. Regarding the principle of voluntary it is clearly violated, as it is no longer necessary that the person chooses to be a donor if one does not manifest their willingness to not be one. Continuing with the analysis, it can be seen how the authority has neglected the principle of information, not emphasizing it, even though the evidence indicates that it is an effective way to convert non-donors. The enactment of the law must be supplemented by providing information and education to civic sectors.(AU)om the above, this concept is analyzed according to the fundamental pillars of informed consent; information, voluntariness and capacity, mainly focused on the first two. Regarding the principle of voluntary it is clearly violated, as it is no longer necessary that the person chooses to be a donor if one does not manifest their willingness to not be one. Continuing with the analysis, it can be seen how the authority has neglected the principle of information, not emphasizing it, even though the evidence indicates that it is an effective way to convert non-donors. The enactment of the law must be supplemented by providing information and education to civic sectors.


Subject(s)
Humans , Informed Consent/ethics , Presumed Consent/ethics , Decision Making , Tissue and Organ Procurement/legislation & jurisprudence , Organ Transplantation/legislation & jurisprudence , Chile , Motivation , Tissue and Organ Procurement/ethics , Organ Transplantation/ethics , Volition
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