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1.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 102(3): 411-416, June 2007. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-452521

ABSTRACT

The thrombospondin related adhesion protein (TRAP) is a malaria pre-erythrocytic antigen currently pursued as malaria vaccine candidate to Plasmodium falciparum. In this study, a long synthetic peptide (LSP) representing a P. vivax TRAP fragment involved in hepatocyte invasion was formulated in both Freund and Montanide ISA 720 adjutants and administered by IM and subcutaneous routes to BALB/c mice and Aotus monkeys. We measured specific humoral immune responses in both animal species and performed a sporozoite challenge in Aotus monkeys to assess the protective efficacy of the vaccine. After immunization both mice and Aotus seroconverted as shown by ELISA, and the specific anti-peptide antibodies cross reacted with the parasite in IFAT assays. Only two out of six immunized animals became infected after P. vivax sporozoite challenge as compared with four out of six animals from the control group. These results suggest that this TRAP fragment has protective potential against P. vivax malaria and deserves further studies as vaccine candidate.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Mice , Malaria Vaccines/immunology , Malaria, Vivax/immunology , Plasmodium vivax/immunology , Protozoan Proteins/immunology , Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology , Aotidae , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Malaria Vaccines/administration & dosage , Malaria, Vivax/prevention & control , Pilot Projects , Peptide Fragments/immunology , Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
2.
Colomb. med ; 36(1): 5-15, 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-422886

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Anualmente se producen en el mundo entre 80 y 100 millones de casos de malaria ocasionada por Plasmodium vivax, segunda especie de Plasmodium en importancia a nivel mundial y primera en el continente americano. Ante la falla de los métodos clásicos de control de la malaria, derivada de la creciente resistencia de los mosquitos a los insecticidas y de los parásitos a los medicamentos disponibles, se ha trabajado intensamente en la búsqueda de vacunas que puedan prevenir completamente la infección o limitar los efectos patológicos de la enfermedad. Objetivos: Este trabajo describe el proceso de desarrollo de una vacuna experimental dirigida contra las formas pre-eritrocíticas del parásito, para lo cual se ha seleccionado la proteína circumesporozoito (CS) que se expresa de forma abundante en la superficie del parásito y que se halla comprometida en el proceso de invasión hepática. Metodología: El proceso consistió en una exhaustiva caracterización inmunológica de la proteína, mediante péptidos sintéticos de diferente longitud, seguida de pruebas de toxicidad e inmunogenicidad en animales con los tres péptidos largos que cubren las regiones N, R y C de la CS. Como etapa inicial de la prueba en humanos, se hizo un ensayo clínico fase I que probó la seguridad e inmunogenicidad, de cada uno de los péptidos formulados en el adyuvante Montanide ISA-720. El ensayo fue al azar, doble ciego y comprometió a 23 voluntarios sanos, hombres y mujeres entre 18 y 33 años de edad, sin historia de malaria. Conclusiones: La vacuna fue muy bien tolerada y demostró buena seguridad e inmunogenicidad en los ensayos preclínicos así como en todos los voluntarios, facilitando el avance a ulteriores fases de investigaciónclinica


Subject(s)
Clinical Trials as Topic , Erythrocytes , Malaria , Plasmodium vivax , Vaccines , Colombia
3.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 89(Suppl.2): 71-76, 1994.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-319947

ABSTRACT

Multiple antigen peptide systems (MAPs) allow the incorporation of various epitopes in to a single synthetic peptide immunogen. We have characterized the immune response of BALB/c mice to a series of MAPs assembled with different B and T cell epitopes derived from the Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite (CS) protein. A B-cell epitope from the central repeat domain and two T-cell epitopes from the amino and carboxyl flanking regions were used to assembled eight different MAPs. An additional universal T cell epitope (ptt-30) from tetanus toxin protein was included. Immunogenicity in terms of antibody responses and in vitro T lymphocyte proliferation was evaluated. MAPs containing B and T cell epitopes induced high titers of anti-peptides antibodies, which recognized the native protein on sporozoites as determined by IFAT. The antibody specificity was also determined by a competitive inhibition assay with different MAPs. A MAP containing the B cell epitope (p11) and the universal epitope ptt-30 together with another composed of p11 and the promiscuous T cell epitope (p25) proved to be the most immunogenic. The strong antibody response and specificity for the cognate protein indicates that further studies designed to assess the potential of these proteins as human malaria vaccine candidates are warranted.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Malaria , Peptides/immunology , Plasmodium vivax , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Epitopes , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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