ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between health-related physical fitness and weight status in 13- to 15-year-old Latino adolescents. Method: The final sample consisted of 73,561 adolescents aged 13 -15 years (35,175 girls) from Chile (n = 48,771) and Colombia (n = 24,790). Cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness were measured using 20-m shuttle run (relative peak oxygen uptake - VO2peak) and standing broad jump test (lower body explosive strength), respectively. The International Obesity Task Force definition was used to define weight status (i.e., underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese). Results: The present study found an inverted J-shape relationship between body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, and musculoskeletal fitness in both genders and all age groups (p < 0.01). Results also suggest that underweight adolescents, and not just overweight and obese adolescents, have lower odds of having a healthy cardiorespiratory fitness (based on new international criterion-referenced standards) profile when compared with their normal weight peers, except in girls aged 14 (p = 0.268) and 15 years (p = 0.280). Conclusions: The present results indicate low cardiorespiratory fitness and musculoskeletal fitness levels in underweight, overweight, and obese adolescents when compared with their normal weight peers. The findings appear to suggest that exercise programs should to decrease fat mass in overweight/obese adolescents and increase muscle mass in underweight adolescents.
Resumo Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre a aptidão física relacionada à saúde e o status do peso em adolescentes latinos de 13 a 15 anos. Método: A amostra final consistiu em 73.561 adolescentes entre 13 e 15 anos (35.175 meninas) do Chile (n = 48.771) e da Colômbia (n = 24.790). As aptidões cardiorrespiratória e musculoesquelética foram medidas com a corrida vaivém de 20 m (consumo máximo de oxigênio relativo - VO2máx.) e o teste de impulso horizontal (menor força explosiva do corpo), respectivamente. A definição Força-Tarefa Internacional de Obesidade foi usada para definir o status do peso (ou seja, abaixo do peso, peso normal, sobrepeso e obeso). Resultados: O presente estudo encontrou uma relação na forma de J invertido entre o índice de massa corporal, a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e a aptidão musculoesquelética em ambos os sexos e em todas as faixas etárias (p < 0,01). Os resultados também sugerem que os adolescentes abaixo do peso e não somente os adolescentes acima do peso e obesos têm menor chance de ter um perfil de aptidão cardiorrespiratória saudável (com base em novos padrões internacionais referenciados a critério) em comparação com os pares com peso normal, exceto em meninas de 14 (p = 0,268) e 15 anos (p = 0,280). Conclusões: Nossos resultados mostram baixos níveis de aptidão cardiorrespiratória e aptidão musculoesquelética em adolescentes abaixo do peso, acima do peso e obesos em comparação com os pares com peso normal. Os achados parecem sugerir que os programas de exercícios devam ser voltados para reduzir a massa gorda em adolescentes com sobrepeso/obesos e aumentar a massa muscular em adolescentes abaixo do peso.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Thinness/epidemiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology , Obesity/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Body Weight , Body Mass Index , Chile/epidemiology , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia/epidemiology , Exercise Test , Muscle Strength/physiologyABSTRACT
Objetivo. El análisis de la composición corporal constituye una parte fundamental en la evaluación del estado nutricional. El objetivo de este estudio fue establecer percentiles de grasa corporal por bioimpedancia eléctrica en niños y adolescentes de Bogotá, Colombia, pertenecientes al estudio FUPRECOL (Asociación de la Fuerza Prensil con Manifestaciones Tempranas de Riesgo Cardiovascular en Niños y Adolescentes Colombianos). Métodos. Estudio transversal, realizado en 5850 escolares de entre 9 y 17,9 años de edad, de Bogotá, Colombia. El porcentaje de grasa corporal fue medido con bioimpedancia eléctrica pie-pie (Tanita®, BF-689), según edad y sexo. Se tomaron medidas de peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura, circunferencia de cadera y estadio de maduración sexual por autorreporte. Se calcularon percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 y P97) y curvas centiles por el método LMS (L #91;curva Box-Cox#93;, M #91;curva mediana#93; y S #91;curva coeficiente de variación#93;), por sexo y edad. Resultados. Se incluyeron 2526 niños y 3324 adolescentes. Se determinaron los porcentajes de grasa corporal y las curvas de centiles por edad y sexo. En la mayoría de los grupos etarios, los valores de las mujeres fueron mayores que los de los varones. Se consideró que los participantes con valores por encima del P90 tenían un elevado riesgo cardiovascular por exceso de grasa (varones > 23,4-28,3 y mujeres > 31,0-34,1). Conclusiones. Se presentan percentiles del porcentaje de grasa corporal por bioimpedancia eléctrica según edad y sexo, que podrán ser usados como referencia en la evaluación del estado nutricional y en la predicción del riesgo cardiovascular por exceso de adiposidades en edades tempranas.
Objective. The analysis of body composition is a fundamental part of nutritional status assessment. The objective of this study was to establish body fat percentiles by bioelectrical impedance in children and adolescents from Bogotá (Colombia) who were part of the FUPRECOL study (Asociación de la Fuerza Prensil con Manifestaciones Tempranas de Riesgo Cardiovascular en Niños y Adolescentes Colombianos- Association between prehensile force and early signs of cardiovascular risk in Colombian children and adolescents).Methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 5850 students aged 9-17.9 years old from Bogotá (Colombia). Body fat percentage was measured using foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance (Tanita®, BF-689), by age and gender. Weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured, and sexual maturity was self-staged. Percentiles (P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90 and P97) and centile curves were estimated using the LMS method (L [Box-Cox curve], M [median curve] and S [variation coefficient curve]), by age and gender.Results. Subjects included were 2526 children and 3324 adolescents. Body fat percentages and centile curves by age and gender were established. For most age groups, values resulted higher among girls than boys. Participants with values above P90 were considered to have a high cardiovascular risk due to excess fat (boys > 23.4-28.3, girls > 31.0-34.1).Conclusions. Body fat percentage percentiles measured using bioelectrical impedance by age and gender are presented here and may be used as reference to assess nutritional status and to predict cardiovascular risk due to excess fat at an early age.