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1.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 155(5): 430-438, Sep.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286539

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Congenital syphilis continues to be a public health problem in Mexico. Objective: To assess the similarities and differences between national standards, guidelines and international documents related to the detection of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis. Method Two algorithms were developed based on the standard of female care during pregnancy and on the standard for prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections. Based on the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines, algorithms were developed for syphilis during pregnancy, syphilis in the newborn and sexual contacts. Results: The standard for pregnancy mentions that syphilis testing should be carried out in every pregnant woman on her first contact or at delivery, without diagnostic tests being specified. The Official Mexican Standard (NOM) on sexually transmitted infections mentions the traditional algorithm for syphilis detection, treatment follow-up, coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus and congenital syphilis criteria. The CDC recommend reverse algorithm, antibody titer, treatment and follow-up as part of diagnosis. Conclusions: The elimination of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis requires NOMs updating and homogenizing, as well as the study of stillbirths and neonates born to mothers with syphilis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis , Syphilis, Congenital/diagnosis , Algorithms , Syphilis/diagnosis , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/prevention & control , Syphilis, Congenital/prevention & control , World Health Organization , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Contact Tracing , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Government Regulation , Mexico
2.
Salud pública Méx ; 57(supl.2): s99-s106, 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-762072

ABSTRACT

Objective. To present results from HIV testing, knowledge of HIV status and socioeconomic factors associated with the probability of having a HIV positive result among transwomen (TW) in Mexico. Materials and methods. In 2012, we conducted an HIV seroprevalence survey to 585 TW in Mexico City in three strata: gathering places, the Condesa HIV Clinic and in four detention centers. We estimated the prevalence of HIV in each strata and applied a probit model to the overall sample to analyze factors associated with the probability of a HIV positive result. Results. The prevalence of HIV was 19.8% in meeting places; 31.9% in detention centers and 64% among the participants of the clinic. Age, low education and number of sexual partners was positively associated with HIV. Conclusions. Results from the study provide relevant information to design HIV prevention interventions tailored to the needs of the TW population.


Objetivo. Identificar la prevalencia, conocimiento de estatus de VIH y factores socioeconómicos asociados con la probabilidad de tener un resultado de VIH positivo en mujeres transgénero (MT) en México. Material y métodos. En 2012, se realizó una encuesta de seroprevalencia de VIH a 585 MT en sitios de encuentro, centros penitenciarios y una clínica de VIH, en la Ciudad de México. Se estimó la prevalencia de VIH en cada estrato y se aplicó un modelo probit para analizar los factores asociados con la probabilidad de un resultado positivo. Resultados. La prevalencia de VIH fue de 19.8% en lugares de encuentro y de 32% en centros de detención; a su vez, 64% de las participantes en la clínica eran VIH positivas. La edad, el bajo nivel de educación y el número de parejas sexuales se asoció positivamente con VIH. Conclusiones. Los resultados del estudio aportan información relevante para el diseño de intervenciones de prevención de VIH de acuerdo con las necesidades de esta población.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , HIV Seroprevalence , Transgender Persons/psychology , Prisons/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population , Sexual Partners , HIV Infections/psychology , HIV Infections/transmission , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Risk Factors , Educational Status , Ambulatory Care Facilities/statistics & numerical data , Private Facilities/statistics & numerical data , Mexico/epidemiology , Models, Theoretical
3.
Salud pública Méx ; 53(supl.3): s368-s374, 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-625716

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Evaluar y analizar los sistemas de información en salud (sis) en la región mesoamericana. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se utilizó el marco conceptual y las herramientas de la Red de la Métrica en Salud (RMS) que evalúa seis componentes de los SIS: recursos, indicadores, fuentes de datos, administración de la información, productos y uso. RESULTADOS: La percepción sobre el desarrollo de los sis de la región mesoamericana se considera presente pero no adecuada (57%), con la mejor percepción para México (75%) y la menor para El Salvador (41%). El componente del SIS menos desarrollado, es decir, el no adecuado, fue el de administración de la información (37%). Por el contrario, el componente con mejor calificación fue el de indicadores (poco más de 69%, adecuado). En ninguno de los casos los componentes lograron ser muy adecuados. CONCLUSIÓN: El nivel de desarrollo de los sis es heterogéneo entre los países. Es necesario generar mecanismos de cooperación para el intercambio de experiencias exitosas que fomenten una colaboración horizontal y permitan mejorar los sis actuales para dar sustento a la toma de decisiones y a la evaluación de intervenciones en salud, como los de la iniciativa mesoamericana de la salud.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and analyze health information systems (his) in the Mesoamerican Region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The conceptual framework and tools of the Health Metrics Network (nhm) was used. It measures six components of the his assessment: resources, indicators, data sources, information management, products and use. RESULTS: In this study we found that the average score of the HIS in the Mesoamerican region was 57%, being the maximum value for Mexico (75%) and the minimum for El Salvador (41%). The item that had lowest scores was that referring to the Management and Administration, where the average assessment was 37%, placing it as present but not adequate. The component with the highest score was Information Products with more than 69%, adequate. In any case, no items were very adequate. CONCLUSION: The performance of his is heterogeneous between countries. It is necessary to strengthen and standardize the criteria of the his in the region, so that these are integrated and used in the decision making process based on real information.


Subject(s)
Information Services/organization & administration , Information Systems/organization & administration , Central America , Information Dissemination , Information Management , Information Services/economics , Information Services/supply & distribution , Information Systems/economics , Medical Informatics , Mexico , Models, Theoretical , Quality Indicators, Health Care , Research Design
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