ABSTRACT
Poucos eventos na vida são capazes de isolar alguém como a progressão deuma doença potencialmente fatal. O sofrimento causado pela proximidadeda morte pode ser diminuído ou aumentado por fatores psicológicos,sociológicos, culturais e espirituais. Adquirir a consciência e aceitação que amorte está próxima poderá tornar tal processo mais humano. Sendo assim,o presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir a morte e o morrer, seus significados e diferenças culturais, a atuação do profissional de psicologiajunto aos pacientes e seus familiares no processo de aceitação de morte. Para ilustrar as dificuldades vividas neste processo e todas as angústias suscitadas neste período, são apresentados dois casos clínicos. As observações, reflexões, intervenções e o acolhimento oferecidos no processo terapêutico podem ajudar significativamente e, de alguma forma, as pessoas podem entender, aceitar e adaptar-se à nova realidade, mas isso exige tempo...
Few events in life are able to isolate someone as the progression of apotentially fatal disease. The suffering caused by the proximity to death canbe decreased or increased by psychological, sociological, cultural andspiritual factors. Acquire awareness and acceptance that death is near canmake the process more human. In this way, the present work aims to discuss the death and the dying, their meaning and cultural differences, the performance of the psychology professional along with the patient and its family in the process of acceptance the death. To illustrate the difficultiesexperienced in this process and all the anguish raised in this period, twoclinical cases are presented. The observation, reflections, interventions and the reception offered at the therapeutic process can help significantly and, somehow, people can understand, accept and adapt themselves to the new reality but it requires time...
Subject(s)
Humans , Patient Care/psychology , Death , Family/psychology , Neoplasms/psychology , Psychology, ClinicalABSTRACT
Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and possible causes of anxiety in women undergoing mammography and verify the impact of prior information as a tool to reduce anxiety. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of female patients who underwent mammography at an oncology reference center in Brazil. Total sample was divided into two groups and only one group received an explanatory folder with information regarding the mammography and its follow-up. All patients received a questionnaire containing demographic and clinical data, questions about the mammographic exam and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results: Two hundred and seventy-four patients were included, aged between 21 and 89 years. Exam purpose was screening in 48.3%. Self-perception of anxiety was reported in 52.2% and most frequent causes of anxiety referred by patients were worry over results (35.3%) and fear of having pain or discomfort during the procedure (26.6%). The levels of anxiety according to the STAI were moderate or high on 52.6% on the state component, and 82.1% on the trait component. There was no statistically significant difference on anxiety levels according to any of the demographic or clinical variables, or between patients who received and did not receive the educational folder prior to the exam. Conclusion: Anxiety is a common feature of women undergoing mammography, mainly caused by fear of the results and lack of knowledge of the exam. According to the results of this and other studies, there was no impact on reducing levels of anxiety with information measures immediately before the exam.