Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Notificados com Hanseníase, em uma Cidade do Norte de Minas no Período de 2009-2013 / Epidemiological Profile of Patients Notified With Leprosy in a City in the North of Minas in the Period of 2009-2013

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes notificados com hanseníase no Município de Montes Claros, no período de 2009-2013, disponibilizados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação-SINAN. Metodologia: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico observacional retrospectivo, que envolveu uma amostra de 225 casos confirmados de hanseníase. Critério de inclusão correspondeu aos hansenianos diagnosticados, residentes em Montes Claros e notificados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Resultados: As variáveis do estudo foram divididas em sete categorias de análise: ano; sexo; faixa etária mais acometida; classificação operacional; forma clínica; avaliação do grau de incapacidade física no diagnóstico e esquema terapêutico. Foram realizadas análises descritivas dos dados, em que se verificou os seguintes dados: No período de 2009-2013 foram notificados 225 novos casos de hanseníase, sendo o ano de 2009 o de maior índice de infecção chegando a 73 casos, correspondendo a 32,44% destes, acometendo, principalmente, homens (56%). A faixa etária prevalente foi 20 a 39 anos e 40 a 59 anos. O grau zero de incapacidade foi o mais encontrado (76%). A forma clínica prevalente foi a dimorfa (44,89%), a classe operacional foi a multibacilar (87,11%), com poliquimioterapiamultibacilar (85,78%). Conclusão:Após a análise dos dados estudados chegou-se à conclusão que o número de casos de hanseníase diagnosticados em Montes Claros-MG apresentou uma redução. A forma multibacilar ainda foi a predominante. Embora o número de casos de hanseníase tenha evidenciado uma redução, a doença ainda é preocupante. (AU)

Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of the patients notified with leprosy in the municipality of Montes Claros, in the period of 2009-2013, available in the SINAN Notification and Injury Information System. Methodology: This was a retrospective observational epidemiological study involving a sample of 225 confirmed cases of leprosy. Inclusion criterion corresponded to the diagnosed hansenians, living in Montes Claros and notified in the Notification of Injury Information System (SINAN). Results: The study variables were divided into seven categories of analysis: year; sex; Age group; Operational classification; Clinical form; Evaluation of the degree of physical incapacity in the diagnosis and therapeutic scheme. Descriptive analysis of the data were carried out, in which the following data were verified: In the 2009-2013 period, 225 new cases of leprosy were reported, 2009 being the one with the highest infection rate, reaching 73 cases corresponding to 32.44% of these; Affecting mainly men (56%). The prevalent age range was 20 to 39 years and 40 to 59 years. The zero degree of disability was mostly found (76%). The prevalent clinical form was dimorphic (44.89%), the operational class was multibacillary (87.11%), with polyquimioterapia multibacilar (85.78%). Conclusion: After analyzing the data, we conclude that the number of leprosy cases diagnosed in Montes Claros-MG reduced. The multibacillary form is still predominant, although the number of cases of reduced leprosy is still worrying.(AU)

Efficacy of azithromycin in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis

The present open pilot study was conducted to assess the efficacy of azithromycin for the treatment of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis in Araçuaí and Varzelândia, MG. Twenty-four patients with less of six months of disease evolution were treated after clinical examination, Montenegro test and a biopsy. The treatment schemes consisted of oral doses of 500 mg per day for 3, 5 and 10 days and of 1000 mg for two days. A clinical control was performed monthly and treatment cycles were repeated when necessary until full reepithelialization of the lesions. On the occasion of the final evaluation, 20 patients had completed the study and 17 of them (85 percent) were cured. The time to obtain a cure was 60 days ifor 6 (30 percent) patients, 90 days for 7 (35 percent), and 120 for 4 (20 percent). The three patients with treatment failure received a pentavalent antimonial for 20 days. No adverse reactions to the medication were observed and a 14 month follow-up did not show recurrence in any patient. These results suggest that azithromycin can be a good therapeutic option for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania Viannia brasiliensis