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1.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 49: 56, 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-962166

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence of bullying and its associated factors in Brazilian adolescents.METHODS Data were used from a population-based household survey conducted by the Urban Health Observatory (OSUBH) utilizing probability sampling in three stages: census tracts, residences, and individuals. The survey included 598 adolescents (14-17 years old) who responded questions on bullying, sociodemographic characteristics, health-risk behaviors, educational well-being, family structure, physical activity, markers of nutritional habits, and subjective well-being (body image, personal satisfaction, and satisfaction with their present and future life). Univariate and multivariate analysis was done using robust Poisson regression.RESULTS The prevalence of bullying was 26.2% (28.0% among males, 24.0% among females). The location of most bullying cases was at or on route to school (70.5%), followed by on the streets (28.5%), at home (9.8%), while practicing sports (7.3%), at parties (4.6%), at work (1.7%), and at other locations (1.6%). Reports of bullying were associated with life dissatisfaction, difficulty relating to parents, involvement in fights with peers and insecurity in the neighborhood.CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of bullying among participating adolescents was found, and the school serves as the main bullying location, although other sites such as home, parties and workplace were also reported. Characteristics regarding self-perception and adolescent perceptions of their environment were also associated with bullying, thus advancing the knowledge of this type of violence, especially in urban centers of developing countries.


OBJETIVO Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados ao bullying em adolescentes brasileiros.MÉTODOS Estudo populacional com 598 adolescentes de 14 a 17 anos da área urbana de Belo Horizonte em 2009. Foram utilizados dados de um inquérito domiciliar realizado pelo Observatório de Saúde Urbana, com amostragem probabilística em três estágios: setores censitários, residência e indivíduos. Os adolescentes responderam questões sobre bullying, características sociodemográficas, comportamentos de risco à saúde, bem-estar educacional, estrutura familiar, atividade física, marcadores de hábitos alimentares e bem-estar subjetivo (percepção corporal, satisfação pessoal e satisfação com a vida atual e futura). Foram realizadas análises univariadas e múltiplas por meio do modelo de Poisson robusto.RESULTADOS A prevalência de bullying foi de 26,4% (28,0% no sexo masculino, 24,0% no sexo feminino). O bullying associou-se com insatisfação com a vida, dificuldades de relacionamento com os pais, envolvimento em brigas com pares e insegurança na vizinhança. O local de maior ocorrência foi a escola ou percurso escolar (70,5%), seguido por rua (28,5%), domicílio (9,8%), praticando esporte (7,3%), festa (4,6%), trabalho (1,7%) e outros locais (1,67%).CONCLUSÕES Há alta prevalência de bullying entre os adolescentes investigados, e a escola é apontada como principal local de ocorrência, embora locais como domicílio, festa e trabalho também sejam relatados. A percepção que o indivíduo tem de si e do seu contexto associa-se aobullying, avançando, portanto, no conhecimento deste tipo de violência especialmente em centros urbanos de países em desenvolvimento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Personal Satisfaction , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Bullying/statistics & numerical data , Self Concept , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Residence Characteristics , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Distribution , Crime Victims/psychology
2.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 17(supl.1): 131-145, 2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-715741

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of bullying from the victim's perspective in Brazilian school children and to analyze its association with individual and family context variables. METHODS: An analysis of the data on 109,104 adolescents, obtained by the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey, held in schools in 2012, was carried out. An association model between bullying and explanatory variables was tested in different contexts: sociodemographic, risk behaviors, mental health and family context. Univariate and multivariate analyzes were performed, calculating the Odds Ratio and confidence intervals. RESULTS: The prevalence of bullying found in this study was of 7.2% (95%CI 6.6 - 7.8). A higher chance of bullying was found among male students (OR = 1.58; 95%CI 1.51 - 1.66), with an inverse relation between age and bullying, with the magnitude of risk among adolescents younger than 13 years of age being higher when compared to those with 16 years of age or more. Of individual risk behaviors, only being a smoker remained in the final model (OR = 1.11; 95%CI 1.01 - 1.23). Mental health variables associated with bullying were: feeling lonely (OR = 2.66; 95%CI 2.52 - 2.81), insomnia (OR = 1.92; 95%CI 1.80 - 2.05), not having friends (OR = 1.71; 95%CI 1.54 - 1.89), and, in the family context, those who skip class without telling their parents (OR = 1.13; 95%CI 1,07 - 1,19) and those who suffer physical abuse by family members (OR = 2.03; 95%CI 1.91 - 2.146). CONCLUSION: Bullying was associated to male students, younger, of black color, smokers, with mental health vulnerabilities and victims of domestic violence. This suggests the need for a holistic approach from education and health professionals, parents and the community in seeking measures for the prevention of bullying. .


OBJETIVO: Estimar a prevalência de bullying, sob a perspectiva da vítima, em escolares brasileiros e analisar sua associação com variáveis individuais e de contexto familiar. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas informações de 109.104 adolescentes obtidas da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), 2012. Foi testado modelo de associação entre o bullying e variáveis explicativas nos seguintes domínios: sociodemográfico, comportamentos de risco, saúde mental e contexto familiar. Foram feitas analises uni e multivariada, calculando-se os odds ratio e respectivos intervalos de confiança. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de bullying foi de 7,2% (IC95% 6,6 - 7,8). Maior chance de bullying foi encontrada entre escolares do sexo masculino (OR = 1,58; IC95% 1,51 - 1,66), com uma relação inversa entre idade e bullying, sendo maior a magnitude do risco entre menores de 13 anos quando comparados aos de 16 ou mais anos. Dos comportamentos de risco individuais, apenas ser fumante se manteve no modelo final (OR = 1,11; IC95% 1,01 - 1,23). As variáveis de saúde mental associadas foram: sentir-se solitário (OR = 2,66; IC95% 2,52 - 2,81), ter insônia (OR = 1,92; IC95% 1,80 - 2,05), não ter amigos (OR = 1,71; IC95% 1,54 - 1,89) e, no contexto familiar os que faltam às aulas sem avisar os pais (OR = 1,13; IC95% 1,07 - 1,19) e relataram sofrer agressão física dos familiares (OR = 2,03; IC95% 1,91 - 2,16). CONCLUSÃO: O bullying mostrou-se associado aos escolares do sexo masculino, mais jovens, de cor preta, fumantes, além daqueles que apresentam vulnerabilidades no campo da saúde mental e de violência doméstica, o que sugere necessidade de uma abordagem holística de profissionais da educação, saúde, pais e comunidade na busca de medidas para sua prevenção. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Bullying/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent Behavior , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family Characteristics , Health Surveys , Mental Health , Risk Factors , Risk-Taking , Schools , Socioeconomic Factors
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