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Rev. chil. nutr ; 43(2): 172-179, jun. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-789447

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El quesillo es un alimento muy consumido en la población por sus características nutritivas y de inocuidad. Sin embargo, estas cualidades pierden relevancia si no se respetan condiciones adecuadas en su elaboración y almacenamiento. Objetivo: Evaluar la inocuidad microbio-lógica de quesillos comerciales y artesanales expendidos en Chillán. Metodología: Se analizaron 80 muestras de quesillo: 40 comerciales (marca 1 y 2) y 40 artesanales (marca 3 y 4). Se cuantificó Enterobacteriaceae (ENT) y Escherichia coli mediante las NCh 2676 y 2636 (2002). Salmonella, Staphylococcus aereus y Listeria monocytogenes utilizando NCh 2675, 2671 (2002) e ISO 11290-1: 1996 (rev 2004) y confirmadas por PCR. Cronobacter spp por medio de multilocus sequence typing (MLST) con criterios de http://www.pubmlst.org/cronobacter. Los requisitos de higiene del personal y expendio con listas de chequeo de acuerdo al RSA. Resultados: Las medianas globales de ENT fueron 30 000 000 UFC/g (2 000 000 - 300 000 000) y para E. coli de 450 UFC/g NMP/g (33 - 1 100), no existiendo diferencias significativas en los recuentos para ambos indicadores por marca y lugar de expendio (p>0.05). El cumplimento de requisitos de higiene del personal y expendio fue 50%. La positividad de L. monocytogenes fue 8.8%, no detectando Salmonella spp y S. aureus. Se aislaron 8 cepas sospechosas de Cronobacter spp las que fueron identificadas como Franconibacter helveticus. Conclusiones: Los quesillos evaluados no cumplen los criterios microbiológicos del RSA no siendo aptos para el consumo. La presencia de L. mono-cytogenes es un claro riesgo de salud en grupos de población hipersensible que consumen este alimento.


Introduction: Fresh cheese is consumed because of its healthy, nutritional, and safety characteristics. These features become less relevant when appropriatepreparation and storage conditions are not met. Objective: The objective was to evaluate the microbiological safety of commercial and artisanal fresh cheeses sold in the city of Chillán. Methods: A total of 80 fresh cheese samples were analyzed: 40 commercial (brands 1 and2) and 40 artisanal (brands 3 and 4). Enterobacteriaceae (ENT) and Escherichia coli were quantified by NCh 2676 and 2636 (2002). Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes used NCh 2675, 2671 (2002), ISO 11290-1 (1996 rev 2004), and were confirmed by PCR. Cronobacter spp was identified by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using criteria from http://www.pubmlst.org/cronobacter. Furthermore, staff and sale hygiene requirements were identified with Sanitary Food Regulations (SFR) checklists. Results: Overall ENT medians were 30 000 000 UFC/g (2 000 000 - 300 000 000) and E. coli were 450 UFC/g NMP/g (33 - 1 100); there were no significant differences in counts for both brand and sale location indicators (p>0.05). Compliance with SFR hygiene requirements was 50%. Positivity of L. monocytogenes was 8.8%; Salmonella spp and S. aureus were not detected. Suspected Cronobacter spp strains were isolated and identified as Franconibacter helveticus. Conclusions: The evaluated fresh cheeses did not meet SFR microbiological criteria and were therefore not safe to eat. The presence of L. monocytogenes is clearly a health risk in hypersensitive population groups that consume this food.


Subject(s)
Cheese/microbiology , International Health Regulations , Food Safety , Food Microbiology , Dairy Products
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