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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(3): 836-842, May-June, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1129487

ABSTRACT

Considerando a realidade conservacionista dos animais mantidos em cativeiro, em especial os pequenos felídeos silvestres, objetivou-se, com este estudo, descrever o método de coleta de sêmen por cateterismo uretral em Leopardus guttulus cativos, anestesiados com cetamina-dexmedetomidina. Inicialmente foram utilizados 13 animais para coleta de sêmen por cateterismo mediante o uso de diferentes doses de cetamina-dexmedetomidina. Após determinação da dose anestésica ideal para coleta de sêmen nessa espécie, cinco L. guttulus machos foram submetidos a coletas seriadas de sêmen pelo método do cateterismo. A dose ideal para coleta de sêmen foi de 0,008mg/kg de dexmedetomidina e 10mg/kg de cetamina. Os valores médios para volume e concentração foram de 35,9µL e 552,8x106sptz/mL. Com média de 71% de motilidade e 3,1 de vigor, 68% dos espermatozoides apresentaram vitalidade (integridade de membrana) e 77% integridade acrossomal. Sobre as patologias espermáticas, obteve-se uma média de 28% de espermatozoides com defeitos maiores, 6% com defeitos menores e 67% normais. As vantagens do método, como a facilidade e o baixo custo, fazem recomendar sua utilização em L. guttulus, pois foram apresentados bons resultados quanto à concentração espermática, à motilidade, ao vigor, à viabilidade espermática e à integridade acrossomal, sendo uma técnica promissora para utilização em felinos selvagens.(AU)


Considering the conservationist reality of animals kept in captivity, especially the small wild felids, this study aimed to describe the semen collection method using urethral catheterization in captive Leopardus guttulus, anesthetized with ketamine-dexmedetomidine. Initially, 13 animals were used for semen collection using catheterization with different ketamine-dexmedetomidine doses. After determination of the best anesthetic dose for semen collection in this species, five male L. guttulus were submitted to serial semen collections using the catheter method. The dose for semen collection was 0.008mg/kg dexmedetomidine and 10mg/kg ketamine. The mean values for volume and concentration were 35.9µL and 552.8x106sptz/mL, with a mean of 71% motility, 3.1 vigor, and 68% of spermatozoa presented vitality and 77% presented acrosomal integrity. Sperm pathologies obtained an average of 28% of spermatozoa with major defects, 6% of spermatozoa with minor defects and 67% of normal spermatozoa. The method advantages such as ease and low cost lead us to recommend the use in L. guttulus, since it presented good results regarding sperm concentration, motility, vigor, sperm viability and acrosomal integrity, being a promising technique for use in wild cats.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Semen , Urinary Catheterization/veterinary , Tissue and Organ Harvesting/methods , Tissue and Organ Harvesting/veterinary , Felidae , Dexmedetomidine , Ketamine , Animals, Wild
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 71(5): 1513-1517, set.-out. 2019. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1038663

ABSTRACT

Descrição de leiomioma vulvar em lobo-guará (Chrysocyon brachyurus), fêmea, castrada, apresentando 10 anos de idade e mantida em cativeiro. Com base na avaliação clínica, no monitoramento de formação nodular de crescimento lento e progressivo e no diagnóstico preliminar sugestivo de neoplasia, procedeu-se à exérese da massa tumoral e à identificação anatomopatológica do leiomioma. Exames complementares radiográficos e ultrassonográficos não apontaram presença de metástases. A ressecção cirúrgica se mostrou satisfatória como conduta clínica, não havendo recidiva.(AU)


Description of leiomyoma vulvar in a female castrated Chrysocyon brachyurus, , ten years of age, and maintained in captivity. Based on the clinical evaluation, monitoring of nodular formation of slow and progressive growth, and preliminary diagnosis suggestive of neoplasia, the tumor mass was excised and anatomopathological identification of the leiomyoma was done. Complementary radiographic and ultrasound examinations did not indicate the presence of metastases. Surgical resection proved to be satisfactory as a clinical practice, and there was no relapse.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Canidae/anatomy & histology , Leiomyoma/rehabilitation , Leiomyoma/veterinary , Neoplasms/veterinary
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(4): 1227-1232, jul.-ago. 2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-946476

ABSTRACT

Estudos indicam, por meio de infecção experimental, que primatas não humanos são susceptíveis à infecção por Neospora caninum. Relata-se um caso de um macaco-da-noite (Aotus azarae infulatus), que apresentou sinais inespecíficos e não respondeu à terapêutica clínica de suporte, evoluindo a óbito, encaminhado em seguida para exame anatomopatológico. Amostras de tecidos foram coletadas e processadas rotineiramente para confecção de lâminas histológicas. Microscopicamente, a principal lesão foi observada no coração e consistia em miocardite necrótica multifocal por protozoário, com a presença de estruturas compatíveis com o estágio de taquizoítos de protozoários dos gêneros Neospora sp. ou Toxoplasma sp. No sistema nervoso central, predominantemente no tronco encefálico, havia estruturas semelhantes às descritas no coração. Os resultados da reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) foram positivos para N. caninum e negativos para Toxoplasma gondii, usando DNA extraído do sangue e dos tecidos. Este relato de caso fornece evidências histológicas e moleculares de que o primata em questão foi susceptível a uma infecção natural, porém estudos devem ser realizados para investigar o real papel dos primatas no ciclo de vida de N. caninum.(AU)


Studies indicate through experimental infection that non-human primates are susceptible to infection by Neospora caninum. This report is of a case of a night monkey (Aotus azarae infulatus) that presented nonspecific signs and did not respond to supportive clinical therapy evolving to death, followed by a pathology examination. Tissue specimens were routinely collected and processed for the preparation of histological slides. Microscopically, the main lesion was observed in the heart and consisted of multifocal necrotic myocarditis by protozoa, with the presence of structures compatible with the stage of protozoan tachyzoites of the genus Neospora sp. or Toxoplasma sp. In the central nervous system, predominantly in the brainstem there were structures similar to those described in the heart. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were positive for N. caninum and was negative for Toxoplasma gondii using DNA extracted from blood and tissues. This case report provides histological and molecular evidence that the primate in question was susceptible to a natural infection, but studies should be conducted to investigate the real role of primates in the life cycle of N. caninum.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Aotidae/genetics , Aotidae/parasitology , Neospora/pathogenicity
4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(6): 1862-1866, nov.-dez. 2018. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-970589

ABSTRACT

A cardiomiopatia dilatada é uma doença de caráter crônico, que compromete a função cardíaca, resultando em desequilíbrio da circulação sanguínea e da homeostase corporal do animal. Este relato apresenta a evolução do quadro clínico e o tratamento de cardiomiopatia dilatada em um exemplar cativo de tamanduá-bandeira. O animal apresentou quadro clínico de insuficiência cardíaca e foi submetido a duas baterias de exames laboratoriais e de imagem em um período de três meses. Posteriormente, foi iniciado o tratamento com pimobendan e suplementação de taurina, resultando em resposta positiva e melhora dos sinais clínicos do paciente. Os achados ecocardiográficos do caso foram compatíveis com cardiomiopatia dilatada com sinais evidentes de diminuição progressiva das frações de ejeção, bem como encurtamento e aumento expressivo das câmaras cardíacas, quando se comparou este caso ao de cães de grande porte e animais saudáveis da mesma espécie. O tratamento com inotrópico positivo, suplementação dietética de taurina e diuréticos se mostrou eficiente em controlar os sinais clínicos do animal.(AU)


The dilated cardiomyopathy it is a chronic disease that leads to a cardiac dysfunction, resulting in unstable blood circulation and specimen body homeostasis. This description shows the dilated cardiomyopathy evolution and treatment in a giant anteater captive model. The patient presented cardiac insufficient clinical condition and was submitted to two sets of laboratorial and image exams in three months. Furthermore, the treatment started with pimobendam and taurine supplementation, leading to satisfactory response to treatment and clinical improvement. The echocardiographic findings were compatible with dilated cardiomyopathy, moreover clear evidence of progressive reduction at the ejection portions and shortening and expressive increase of the cardiac chamber when compared to large dogs and healthy animals of the same species. Treatment with positive inotropic and taurine dietary supplement revealed as effective in clinical managementr.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Echocardiography/statistics & numerical data , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/diagnosis , Xenarthra/abnormalities , Taurine
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 46(10): 855-860, 24/set. 2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-688555

ABSTRACT

Changes in visual function beyond high-contrast acuity are known to take place during normal aging. We determined whether sensitivity to linear sine-wave gratings and to an elementary stimulus preferentially processed in extrastriate areas could be distinctively affected by aging. We measured spatial contrast sensitivity twice for concentric polar (Bessel) and vertical linear gratings of 0.6, 2.5, 5, and 20 cycles per degree (cpd) in two age groups (20-30 and 60-70 years). All participants were free of identifiable ocular disease and had normal or corrected-to-normal visual acuity. Participants were more sensitive to Cartesian than to polar gratings in all frequencies tested, and the younger adult group was more sensitive to all stimuli tested. Significant differences between sensitivities of the two groups were found for linear (only 20 cpd; P<0.01) and polar gratings (all frequencies tested; P<0.01). The young adult group was significantly more sensitive to linear than to circular gratings in the 20 cpd frequency. The older adult group was significantly more sensitive to linear than to circular gratings in all spatial frequencies, except in the 20 cpd frequency. The results suggest that sensitivity to the two kinds of stimuli is affected differently by aging. We suggest that neural changes in the aging brain are important determinants of this difference and discuss the results according to current models of human aging.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Aging/physiology , Contrast Sensitivity/physiology , Photic Stimulation/methods , Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology
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