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1.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559694

ABSTRACT

La tendencia instintiva a manipular la piel y sus pequeñas imperfecciones forma parte normal de las conductas repetitivas centradas en el cuerpo. Cuando esta conducta se incrementa sin control y causa daños somáticos y psíquicos al individuo, estamos ante un caso de Trastorno Excoriativo (TE), patología que ha sido incluida en la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-11), y que, en la Clasificación Norteamericana de Trastornos Mentales, forma parte de los trastornos relacionados con el trastorno obsesivo compulsivo. La prevalencia de vida del TE en adultos oscila entre 3 y 5% y presenta elevadas comorbilidades con problemas afectivos, de consumo de sustancias y rasgos mórbidos de personalidad. Aunque no es aparentemente una patología severa, acarrea importante discapacidad y requiere ser tamizada sistemáticamente por su frecuente soslayamiento, tanto por el paciente afectado como por los profesionales de salud.


The instinctive tendency to manipulate the skin and its small imperfections is a normal part of body-focused repetitive behaviors. When this behavior increases without control and causes somatic and psychic damage to the individual, we are dealing with a case of Excoriative Disorder (ET), a pathology that has been included in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), and that, in the Classification American Mental Disorders, is part of the disorders related to the obsessive-compulsive disorder. In adults, the lifetime prevalence of ET ranges between 3 and 5% and presents high comorbidities with affective problems, substance use and morbid personality traits. Although it is not apparently a severe pathology, it causes significant disability and requires systematic screening due to its frequent avoidance by both the affected patient and health professionals.

2.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 50(2): 106-111, jun. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-646977

ABSTRACT

Cases of acute psychosis which during longitudinal follow-up did not meet criteria for schizophrenic psychosis or affective psychosis are common in clinical practice; however, those cases can be classified into diagnostic categories that are not sufficiently representative of their nosological individuality. This intermediate group of psychosis: characterized by acute onset, usually brief course, polymorphic symptomatology and recovery without defect, has been conceived in different psychiatric schools through different concepts: in this sense, the construct of Cycloid Psychoses, original from German psychiatry, has demonstrated validity and is embedded in a heuristically profitable diagnostic system (the Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard classification). Apropos of two representative cases, we review here the relevant literature and highlight the need to consider this diagnostic possibility - not fully considered in the present diagnostic systems yet- in order to avoid prolonged antipsychotic treatments based on unnecessarily ominous nosological hypothesis.


Los casos de psicosis aguda que durante el seguimiento longitudinal no reúnen criterios de esquizofrenia ni de psicosis afectivas son frecuentes en la práctica clínica habitual; sin embargo, pueden ser catalogados dentro de categorías diagnósticas que no representan de modo suficiente su individualidad nosológica. Este grupo intermedio de psicosis: caracterizado por su inicio agudo, curso usualmente breve, sintomatología polimórfica y recuperación sin defecto, ha sido concebido en diferentes escuelas psiquiátricas mediante diferentes conceptos: en tal sentido, el constructo de Psicosis Cicloides, proveniente de la psiquiatría alemana, ha demostrado validez y se halla engarzado en un sistema diagnóstico heurísticamente valioso (el de Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard). A propósito de dos casos representativos, revisamos la literatura pertinente y resaltamos la necesidad de considerar esta posibilidad diagnóstica, a fin de evitar prolongados y potencialmente perjudiciales tratamientos antipsicóticos, prescritos bajo hipótesis incorrectas y gravosas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Psychotic Disorders/diagnosis , Psychotic Disorders/psychology , Acute Disease , Diagnosis, Differential , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Periodicity
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