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Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of HPV detection in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical lymph node metastasis from an unknown primary site.Methods:Clinical data of 6 patients who were initially diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical lymph node metastasis from an unknown primary site and eventually diagnosed with HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were collected, and the process of diagnosis was analyzed.Results:Upon the initial admission, all patients were diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical lymph node metastasis with positive p16 expression, positive HPV-16 subtype and negative EBER expression. No obvious primary lesion was found after comprehensive examination. Subsequently, four of them underwent ipsilateral tonsollar blind biopsy ( n=2) and ipsilateral tonsillectomy ( n=2). All these four patients were pathologically diagnosed with tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma. For the other two cases, MRI detected the thickening complicated with enhancement of ipsilateral wall of oropharynx and tongue root after follow-up for D149 and D545 , respectively. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil and tongue root, respectively. Conclusion:For patients with HPV-positive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervical lymph node metastasis from an unknown primary site, the possibility that the primary lesion originates from the oropharyngeal site, especially the tonsil and tongue root, should be highly suspected.
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Objective To study the interaction mechanism of anti-cancer drug docetaxel (DTX) andβ-tubulin, to determine the binding sites and the involved amino acids between the β-tubulin and docetaxel, and to analyze the dynamic combination process. Methods The docking binding energy and interaction sites of DTX molecules withβ-tubulin on the potential energy surface were calculated by molecular docking method. The dynamic interaction process of the low binding energy DTX with β-tubulin was simulated by molecular dynamics method. Results The results of molecular docking showed that there are three interaction sites, including N1, N2 and N3, between DTX and β-tubulin. The DTX molecules with structure of No.1, 2 and 4, which have excellent docking energy, were chose for molecular dynamics simulation. As a result, the dynamic change processes of the system complexes from non-equilibrium to equilibrium were obtained. The simulation results showed that the hydrogen bonds formed by the DTX with structure No.1 were significantly higher than those with structures No. 2 and 4. The solvent accessibility surface area of the DTX with structures No.1, 2 and 4 was higher than that of paclitaxel. Conclusion The model of DTX binding toβ-tubulin was established, which could provide theoretical guidance for the design and development of novel paclitaxel anticancer drugs.
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Objective To explore the effect of individualized chemotherapy plans which was designed depend on secific genetic characters in patients with advanced cancer.Methods The surgery or biopsy specimen samples from 25 patients with advanced recurrent tumors (study group) were analyzed.Different gene mRNA expressions were detected by PCR and sequencing.According to detection results,the most appropriate chemotherapy would be applied on 25 cases patients of study group.The chemotherapy from traditional experience and evidence-based medical evidence were applied for 20 cases patients of control group.The difference of RR and disease control rate (DCR) between two groups were compared.Results The DCR and RR were 84 ％ (21/25) and 44 ％ (11/25) in study group,35 ％ (7/20) and 15 ％ (3/20) in control group.The DCR and RR in study group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Individualized chemotherapy could improve the efficient and prolong the survival period of the patients with advanced recurrent tumors.
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Objective:To approach the distinctive histopathological chages of nontuberculous mycobacteria lymphadenitis. Methods: The experimental animal model of nontuberculous mycobacteria lymphadenitis was developed and the histopathological changes were observed under the light microscope.Results:The distinctive histopathological changes of nontuberculous mycobacteria lymphadenitis were identified as following: ①Granulomas were found in lymph nodes which were infected with nontuberculous mycobacteria.The coagulation necrosis was located at the center of the granuloma and it was not caseation.Neutrophils were distributed over the necrosis area.Surrounding the center necrosis area,many epithelioid cells,lymphocytes and mononuclear cells could be found.The periphery of the granuloma was surrounded by the fibrous tissues.Outside the granuloma,Langhans giant cells could be found.②Serpiginous necrosis was found in the lymph nodes which were infected with nontuberculous mycobacteria.The shape of serpiginous necrosis was a long strip.In the center area,the strip of coagulation necrosis and the strip of the space which was remnant after the desquamation of necrosis tissues could be found.Many neutrophils were distributed over the necrosis area.Around the center necrosis area,many epithelioid cells,lymphocytes and mononuclear cells could be found.The fibrous tissues were in the borderline.Conclusion:Serpiginous necrosis was one of the distinctive histopathological change of nontuberculous mycobacteria lymphadenitis.
ABSTRACT
After surgical removal of a primary tumor the minimal residual cancer cells (MRCC) and metastases derived thereof are the actual targets for all theraputic approaches. Due to the great sensitivity and PCR-based detection systems, the molecular characterization of MRCC can provide information about their metastatic potential, availability of drug targets, drug sensitivity and development of therapy resistance, which will close the analytical gap between primary disease and the detection of metastases by conventional methods such as imaging procedures, and this will help therapy selection, monitoring of the treatment effects and predicting of the prognosis. Patients will benefit from a individualized therapy in the end.