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Gac. méd. Méx ; 144(5): 449-451, sept.-oct. 2008. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-568024

ABSTRACT

La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad reumática frecuente en nuestro país. El metotrexate es uno de los fármacos más utilizados en este padecimiento, sin embargo, un porcentaje alto de pacientes suspende el tratamiento debido a los efectos adversos. Varios estudios han analizado los polimorfismos C677T y A1298C del gen de la enzima metilentetrahidrofolato reductasa (MTHFR) en pacientes con artritis reumatoide en relación con la eficacia, efectos colaterales y toxicidad que presentan con el metotrexate. Mediante técnicas moleculares factibles en nuestro país, como la PCR-RFLP, es posible determinar el polimorfismo MTHFR C677T, cuya frecuencia alélica en México es alta, en pacientes con artritis reumatoide con el fin de identificar a quienes tendrán mayor riesgo para presentar toxicidad y efectos colaterales y a quienes responderán mejor al metotrexate, permitiendo así un tratamiento más individualizado, objetivo de la farmacogenómica..


Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common rheumatic disease in Mexico. Methotrexate (MTX) is a drug frequently used in the treatment of this disease. However, treatment discontinuation due to side effects is also common. Inter-individual differences in effectiveness and occurrence of side effects in RA patients treated with MTX (RA-MTX) have been reported. Several studies analyzed the presence of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in RA-MTX patients associated with effectiveness, side effects and toxicity. Given the high frequency of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Mexico, it is of utmost interest to determine the allelic and genotypic frequency of these polymorphisms in patients with RA-MTX. The use of molecular techniques, feasible in our country, such as PCR/RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) can allow us to identify these MTHFR genotypes among RA-MTX patients in order to target patients at risk of developing drug toxicity, side effects or better MTX efficacy. The ultimate goal is to develop individualized treatment, as promised by the field of pharmacogenomics.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antirheumatic Agents , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics , Methotrexate/pharmacology , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Pharmacogenetics
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