Immediate implants in dentistry: a review

Presently dental implants are one of the most exciting and rapidly developing aspects of dental practice. Implant dentistry has come a long way from skepticism to being accepted as the best modality to treat complete or partial edentulism. In the last two decades a great deal of activity in the field has occurred with the development of better materials and newer techniques that have resulted in improved clinical performance of implants. Placement of dental implants into fresh extraction sites offers a number of significant advantages to both the patients and the clinicians. Although some of the early implant practitioners assume that long term implant survival depended on placement on healed alveolar ridge, the growing body of evidence confirms that immediate implant placement yields excellent and predictable results. Considering the important role of a Periodontist in the insertion and maintenance of implant, the available literature has been reviewed

Estimation of number of death associated with exposure to excess ambient PM[10] air pollution

The respirable particle matter [PM10] concentration in urban areas has been a chronic cause concern and principal reason for increased morbidity rate among resident population. The present study aimed at estimating a discrete event like mortality rate associated and attributable to excess particulate matter pollution in the Kathmandu Valley area. The Government of Nepal conducts air monitoring of particulates at its air monitoring site network covering valley area. Adopting the data available with respect to PM10 and with several other considerations like cutoff value for PM10, mean annual concentration, demographic data of valley, exceedance to the reference cutoff value, attributable fraction evolution and computation relative risk attributable to PM10 was computed. Assumption was made about the relative risk of long-term average PM10 exposure on natural mortality estimated and reported from a previous study. The estimation or mortality rate in our case was 0.95% after all these considerations and computation. This implies that 95 deaths out of 10,000 deaths are due to particulate pollution existing in the Kathmandu Valley Area

Ambient air quality of Kathmandu valley as reflected by atmospheric particulate matter concentrations [PM10]

This paper presents the analysis and interpretation of ambient particulate matter concentrations measured as PM10 at a network of six air monitoring stations in Kathmandu valley during the years, 2003 through 2005. The purpose was to understand the pollution trends associated with different areas considering levels particulate matter concentrations representing the ambient air quality of Kathmandu valley. The study indicate that particulate concentrations [PM10] measured are persistently higher at air sampling sites representing roadside areas compared to the background sites. The inter-station network variability with respect the particulate pollution suggests optimizing resources. The comparison of annual average PM10 concentration observed at six air-monitoring sites in Kathmandu Valley with standard annual average concentration prescribed by World Health Organization as well as Europe Union indicates serious PM10 pollution in Kathmandu valley