ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: We evaluated the changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), and the anesthetic and hemostatic effects, after injection of 2% lidocaine containing various concentrations of epinephrine in rats and mice to determine the appropriate concentration of epinephrine in various anesthetic mixtures. METHODS: Rats and mice were randomly allocated to experimental groups: 2% lidocaine without epinephrine (L0), 2% lidocaine with epinephrine 1:200,000 (L200), 1:100,000 (L100), and 1:80,000 (L80). Changes in MAP and HR after administration of the anesthetic mixture were evaluated using a physiological recording system in rats. Onset and duration of local anesthesia was evaluated by pricking the hind paw of mice. A spectrophotometric hemoglobin assay was used to quantify the hemostatic effect. RESULTS: MAP increased in response to epinephrine in a dose-dependent manner; it was significantly higher in the L80 group than in the L0 group at 5 min post-administration. The HR was relatively lower in the L0 group than in the L80 group. The time required for onset of action was < 1 min in all evaluation groups. The duration of action and hemostatic effect of the local anesthetic were significantly better in the L200, L100, and L80 groups than in the L0 group. CONCLUSION: L200 demonstrated relatively stable MAP and HR values with satisfactory efficacy and hemostatic effect. L200 might be a better local anesthetic for dental patients in terms of anesthetic efficacy and safety.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Rats , Anesthesia, Local , Anesthetics, Local , Arterial Pressure , Epinephrine , Heart Rate , Hemostasis , LidocaineABSTRACT
Background: Fatigue is a common side effect in cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy [RT]. Radiation-induced fatigue affects the quality of life, but there is no definitive treatment option, in this study, the weight-loaded forced swim test was performed to assess the effect of coenzyme QIO [CoQIO] on radiation-induced fatigue
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 rats were divided randomly and equally into four groups: No swim, No RT, RT + placebo, or RT + CoQIO. The No swim, No RT, and RT + placebo groups received 1 ml of soybean oil daily for 14 days. The RT + CoQIO group received 100 mg/kg of CoQIO in soybean oil at the same times. Both RT groups were irradiated with 10 Gy on the 14th day of treatment. The swim test with sinkers weighing 10% of body weight was performed 24 h later in all animals except the No swim group
Results: The level of blood urea nitrogen [BUN] was significantly lower in the No swim than the other groups. The BUN level of the No RT group was significantly decreased compared with the RT + placebo group, but it did not differ from the RT + CoQIO group. Swimming times to complete exhaustion were significantly longer in the No RT and RT + CoQIO groups compared to the RT + placebo group [99.4, 105.9, and 75.7 s, respectively] [P<0.001]
Conclusion: Supplementation with CoQIO can prevent the decrease in endurance capacity caused by radiation
Subject(s)
Adult , Animals, Laboratory , Male , Radiotherapy , Fatigue , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
To examine the fate of cryopreserved meniscus used as orthotopic allograft on alternative to total removal of menisci, the authors have performed replacement of medial meniscus with cryopreserved one which had been preserved at −70℃ for 7 days in right side and with fresh autograft without cryopreservation in left side as a control group.Transplanted menisci were sampled at 4, 8, 12 ,16 weeks, postoperatively to observe their gross and histological findings. At 4 weeks, the allograft was healed to the perioheral capsular tissue and meniscal horn attachments of the host by fibrovascular scar tissue retained their normal appearance in gross findings. It showed an increased cellularity immediately adjacent to its peripheral attachment covered by the vascularized synovial tissues. At 8 weeks, it showed even distribution of cellularity in histological finding. At 12 weeks, gross findings of mild shrinkage and degeneration were seen and those were covered by both synovial and connective tissue with regenerated chondrocyte in histological findings. At 16 weeks, a little difference between allograft and normal meniscus was showed in gross and histological findings. There are regenerated chondrocytes in the deep area some degenerative changes were noted in the tibial and femoral cartilage not covered by meniscus. Above results showed cryopreserved meniscal allograft was able to regenerate and clinically suggest good treatment modality in case of unable to reshape to normal structure after total meniscectomy.