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Objective @#To prepare the La-doped TiO2 film on the surface of 3Y-TZP ceramics in order to observe its antibacterial properties, providing an experimental basis for the application of antibacterial zirconia ceramics in the clinic.@*Method@# A cylindrical 3Y-TZP specimen with a diameter of 20 mm and a height of 3 mm was prepared. The sol-gel method was used to prepare 1% lanthanum (La)-doped TiO2 sol, and the La-TiO2 film-3Y-TZP ceramic was prepared by dip coating on the surface of 3Y-TZP. The TiO2 thin film-3Y-TZP ceramic was prepared by adding no lanthanum nitrate solution in the same way. The surface morphology of 3Y-TZP ceramic specimens (3Y-TZP group), TiO2 thin film-3Y-TZP ceramic specimens (TiO2 film group), and La-TiO2 thin film-3Y-TZP ceramic specimens (La-TiO2 film group) was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and photocatalysis, antibacterial and cytotoxicity experiments were carried out. For the photocatalytic experiment, four specimens were randomly selected from the La-TiO2 film group and TiO2 film group to observe the degradation rate of methylene blue at different time points under sunlight. In the antimicrobial experiment, five specimens were randomly selected from the La-TiO2 film group, TiO2 film group and 3Y-TZP group. The antimicrobial activity of each group was tested using the bacteriostatic circle method, and the bacteriostatic distance of each group was compared. In the cytotoxicity experiment, three samples were randomly selected from the La-TiO2 film group, TiO2 film group and 3Y-TZP group (negative control group), and the extracts were prepared. Here, 0.064% phenol solution were served as the positive control group. Morphological observation of L-929 cells in four groups was performed after 3 d of culture. Cell viability and relative cell proliferation were measured by MTT assay.@*Results@#La-TiO2 films with uniform distribution can be prepared on a 3Y-TZP surface by the dipping-drawing method. Photocatalytic experiments showed that the degradation rate of methylene blue in the La-TiO2 film group was (41.2 ± 1.5)% in daylight for 2 hours, which was higher than that in TiO2 film group (36.5 ± 2.4)%. A significant difference was noted between the two groups (t=3.321, P=0.016). The antimicrobial experiment showed that the antimicrobial distance of La-TiO2 group was (0.34 ± 0.08) mm, which was larger than that of TiO2 group (0.12 ± 0.02) mm. No obvious antimicrobial circle was noted in 3Y-TZP group, and the antimicrobial distance of the La-TiO2 film group was larger than that of TiO2 film group (F=63.798, P < 0.001). Cytotoxicity test showed that the relative proliferation rate of cells in La-TiO2 film group was (89.5 ± 1.3)%, and the cytotoxicity rating was grade 1. Significant differences were noted among the four groups (F=68.250, P < 0.001).@*Conclusion @#The La-doped TiO2 film can improve its photocatalytic activity and enhance the antibacterial activity of 3Y-TZP without obvious cytotoxicity.
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@#Digital implant guides have enabled "repair-oriented" implant restoration to become a reality by allowing an implant to be designed for an ideal site, maximizing the use of existing alveolar bone, and increasing the predictability of the restorative effect. This paper reviews the classification of digital guides and the related factors affecting the accuracy of digital guides to provide a reference for clinical doctors in practical applications. Digital guides can be divided into the categories of mucosal support, bone support, dental support and mixed support according to the retention mode. The manufacture and use of digital implant guides involve a series of processes, such as data acquisition, design and manufacture of the implant guide, and guided surgery. The accuracy of digital implant guides depends on all accumulated and interactive errors involved in the process from data acquisition to surgery. According to the process of guide plate fabrication and implant placement, errors in all aspects can be reduced to improve the accuracy of guide plate application.
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Objective: To observe the effect of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) on cerebral edema in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Male SD rats with fluid percussion injury (FPI) were selected. After separation and culture, rats' astrocytes all suffered FPI. The expression of NF-κB and the water content were detected at the animal and cellular levels, while the activity of NOX was evaluated at the cellular level. Results: According to the results, the positive expression of NF-κB and expression of mRNA were significantly increased and the water content was increased for rats after TBI, while NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 could significantly reduce the effect of TBI. 1 and 3 h after FPI of astrocytes, the activation of NF-κB was increased and BAY 11-7082 could significantly improve the injury-induced swelling of astrocytes. After the injury of astrocytes, the activity of NOX was also increased, while BAY 11-7082 could reduce the activity of NOX. Conclusions: The results show that the activation of NF-κB in astrocytes is a key factor in the process of cerebral edema after TBI of rats.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) on cerebral edema in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI).@*METHODS@#Male SD rats with fluid percussion injury (FPI) were selected. After separation and culture, rats' astrocytes all suffered FPI. The expression of NF-κB and the water content were detected at the animal and cellular levels, while the activity of NOX was evaluated at the cellular level.@*RESULTS@#According to the results, the positive expression of NF-κB and expression of mRNA were significantly increased and the water content was increased for rats after TBI, while NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 could significantly reduce the effect of TBI. 1 and 3 h after FPI of astrocytes, the activation of NF-κB was increased and BAY 11-7082 could significantly improve the injury-induced swelling of astrocytes. After the injury of astrocytes, the activity of NOX was also increased, while BAY 11-7082 could reduce the activity of NOX.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results show that the activation of NF-κB in astrocytes is a key factor in the process of cerebral edema after TBI of rats.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the content of 7 anthraquinones in Semen Cassiae.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A HPLC method was developed, with Inertsil ODS-3 column, acetonitrile and 0.1% H3PO4 solution as mobile phases in gradient elution. The detection wavelength wasset at 278 nm, and the flow rate was 0.8 mL x min(-1).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Recoveries of all 7 anthraquinones were between 95%-105%. The content of the anthraquinones in crude drug produced in different habitation were different.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is convenient and accurate, which provides the foundation for the research of Semen Cassiae.</p>