comparative histological and immunohistochemical study on the effect of dietary soya and estrogen therapy on the aorta of ovariectomized albino rats

Soya was proposed to improve endothelial dysfunction in ovariectomized rats, perhaps through a mechanism similar to estrogen. The present work aimed at studying the changes in the aorta of ovariectomized rats and demonstrating the comparable effects of soya bean to estrogen replacement therapy [ERT] on the aorta by histological and immunohistochemical methods. Thirty nine female albino rats were divided into four groups. Group I [control], included 9 rats. Group II included 10 ovariectomized rats. Rats of group III were left ovariectomized for six months and received estrogen replacement for two months later. Rats of group IV were left ovariectomized for six months and received dietary soya for two months later. Aortic sections were subjected to H and E, estrogen receptor [ER] and nitric oxide [NO] immunohistochemical staining. The media thickness and the optical density of NO immunoreactive cytoplasm of endothelial cells were assessed. In group II, strong esinophilic cytoplasm, dark nuclei, dislodged nuclei of endothelial cells besides focal denuded endothelial lining were noted. In addition, dark nuclei and perinuclear cytoplasmic vacuolation were seen in smooth muscle cells. Most of the elastic fibers were straight. ER immunoexpression was cytoplasmic in some fields, however, most fields exhibited-ve reaction. Faint cytoplasmic NO immunoreaction was recorded. Highly significant increase in media thickness and highly significant decrease in NO optical density were reported. In group III, most of the elastic fibers were straight, while other structural elements were comparable to the control. In group IV, few elastic fibers were straight and minimal increase in media thickness was observed. It could be concluded that dietary soya improved the changes recorded in the wall of the aorta of ovariectomized rats, which could suggest soya as a preferable therapeutic substitute to estrogen which was claimed to have side effects on the female genital tract. This suggestion was reinforced by less apoptotic endothelial cell nuclei and fewer straightened elastic fibers of the media

Immunohistochemicallocalization of P63 normal and proliferative conditions of the human prostate

The present study aimed at studying the immunoexpression of p63, the basal cell marker, in the normal human prostate gland and proliferative conditions. p63 was suggested as a valuable too/facilitating tile diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma and demarcating areas of transition from benign to malignant prostatic lesions. Human prostatic specimens were taken from patients with age range between 60- 70 years. The study was carried out on thirty-two prostate glands. Five were normal control prostates. Eleven prostatic specimens showed nodular prostatic hyperplasia [NPR], five of them exhibited cystic dilatation of its acini. Seven specimens partially presented NPH and partially expressed adenocarcinoma and nine specimens of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Prostatic sections were subjected to H and E staining and p63 immunohistochemical study. The optical density of p63 immunoreactive nuclei of busal cells of the human prostatic acini were assessed using image analysis. In the human prostatic acini, nuclei of the basal cells in the control group and cases of NPH were p63 immunoreactive. However, cases of NPH exhibiting cystic dilatation of acini, revealed a highly significant [P<0. 005] decrease in tile optical density of p63 immunoreactive nuclei of the basal cells versus the control group. Negative p63 inmunostaining was clearly noted in all cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Therefore, p63 can be considered as a useful tool that confirm the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma especially in prostate needle biopsy

Histological and immunohistochemical study on the rat Kupffer cell in response to short and long term ethanol administration

The present study aimed at investigating the Kupffer cells in the rat liver of both sexes in response to short and long term ethanol administration, as regards multiplicity and CD14 receptor immuno-expression and its relation to the developing damage. Forty eight male and female albino rats were divided into a control group of 12 rats and an experimental group of 36 rats including subgroups I and II [short term ethanol administration] that were given 17.5% ethanol for 1 and 3 days respectively. Subgroup III [long term ethanol administration] was given 34.2% ethanol for 6 weeks. India ink was injected into half the number of male and female control and experimental rats. Liver sections were stained with H. and E. and immunohistochemically using CD14 antibody for the receptors on the surface membrane of Kupffer cells. The count of Kupffer cells, area of CD14 immunoexpression and the optical density of CD14 immunoreaction were assessed. In subgroup II apoptotic cells and in subgroup III hepatocytes exhibiting eosinophilic material and small dark nucleus were found. The changes were in obvious in females. Kupffer cells seen in India ink injected sections revealed nonsignificant difference in their mean count in different groups and subgroups. CD14 immunoexpression appeared as darkly and lightly stained areas in male and female control rats. The immunoexpression and the immunoreaction increased in the experimental subgroups with a remarkable difference between female and male rats. A highly significant increase in the mean area and mean optical density was recorded in subgroup I versus control rats. Also in subgroups II and III versus control rats and rats of subgroup I of the same gender and in experimental female versus male rats. Short and long term ethanol administration led to activation of CD14 receptors on the surface membrane of Kupffer cells, indicating their role in initiation of liver injury