ABSTRACT
Placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) has been shown to be a reliable tumor marker in the management of patients with seminoma. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and Enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) procedures were compared for PLAP levels in serum of seminoma patients. The statistical analysis showed excellent correlationship between the two. It is evident from the results that performance of ELISA in terms of sensitivity specificity, precision, accuracy and reproducibility is equivalent to or better than RIA.
Subject(s)
Alkaline Phosphatase/analysis , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Female , Humans , Male , Placenta/enzymology , Pregnancy , Radioimmunoassay , Seminoma/enzymology , Testicular Neoplasms/enzymology , Biomarkers, Tumor/bloodABSTRACT
Leukocyte acid phosphatase and its isoenzyme composition was studied in leukemic patients to determine the specificity of different isoenzymes in leukemic leukocytes. It was found that leukocyte acid phosphatase content is significantly increased in ALL, AML, and CML patients, while CLL patients had decreased levels of acid phosphatase. The distribution and intensity of leukocyte ACP isoenzymes vary in respective leukemic condition. Thus isoenzyme 'O' was predominant in AML and CML, while isoenzymes 1, 2 and 3 predominated in ALL. The lack of predominance of isoenzyme 3 was a feature in CLL patients. It was concluded that the isoenzyme patterns, though promising, presented inconclusive picture for diagnosis purpose and further studies on immunochemical characteristics of these isoenzymes are warranted to ascertain their cell specificity.
Subject(s)
Acid Phosphatase/blood , Humans , Isoenzymes/blood , Leukemia/enzymology , Leukocytes/enzymologyABSTRACT
A 37 year old man with symptomatic multiple myeloma diagnosed in April 1968 presented with generalised bony pains, extensive skeletal osteolytic lesions, monoclonal gammopathy and 90 percent atypical plasma cells in the marrow. He was given cyclophosphamide for six months with minimal response and then initiated on melphalan for one year. He was asymptomatic for 15 years thereafter and presented again in 1985 with a relapse of the disease. Over the next four years he was given various combinations of chemotherapy including cyclophosphamide, vincristine, melphalan and carmustine. He responded well on two more occasions only to relapse again. Recently, he has developed a symptomatic relapse with 36 percent plasma cells. This case report highlights the fact that there is a subset of patients with myeloma who survive beyond ten years, but remain symptomatic and respond slowly to chemotherapy.