ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:To evaluate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation in order to analyze coping style, thus perform the corresponding personalized clinical psychological intervention which is conductive for patients to face reality and disease. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the psychological characteristics of the patients waiting for renal transplantation and to analyze the effect of different social factors on the coping style of patients and to explore the corresponding clinical mental intervention method METHODS:Fifty-eight patients waiting for renal transplantation and 60 patients without renal transplantation were randomly selected from Second Department of Urology, Organ transplantation Center, the 309th Hospital of PLA between February 2009 and August 2010, the patients were required to fil in a psychological questionnaire form using the currently general used medical response. The effect of social factors on the coping style and psychological stress status was analyzed with multi-factor Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:From the questionnaire survey, the evasive and yielding value scores of the patients waiting for renal transplantation were significantly higher than those of the patients without renal transplantation (P0.05). It indicated that the psychological pressure of the patients waiting for renal transplantation was bigger that of the patients with out renal transplantation, which may related with course of the disease, cost and the rejection after transplantation for the patients has to endured. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, education, income, payment methods and age of the patients were al related with the confrontation, evasive and yielding scores, as those with technical secondary school education or better got the best confrontation score while those with annual income less than 60 000 yuan got the highest score in evasive and yielding styles. The results show that income and education level of patients are the main factors that affect the coping style and psychological stress status of the patients waiting for renal transplantation, treating the patients with reasonable renal clinical care interventions can help the patients face to the disease positively and can reduce the damage of transplantation to the psychology of the patients.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Several genetic polymorphisms in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene are associated with the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the two SNPs (T-786C and G894T) of the eNOS gene are associated with rheumatoid arthritis risk in a northern Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, the eNOS genes T-786C and G894T were studied in 196 cases with rheumatoid arthritis and 201 healthy controls with gender, age and ethnicity matched. The two SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The analyses of association were statistically compared using the chi-square test with SPSS software for Windows.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The frequency of the -786C allele was significantly higher in the rheumatoid arthritis patients than in the healthy controls (19.64% vs. 14.18%, P < 0.05). However, the 894T allele of the eNOS gene was not increased in the rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to the healthy controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Individuals with the -786CC genotype have an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis. Further study with an increased sample size is necessary for the study of the role of this SNP in rheumatoid arthritis.</p>