ABSTRACT
The main physiological function of megakaryocytes is the production of platelets, whose development, maturation and platelet production are a complex regulatory process, and are involved in many factors. In recent years it was found that the lung is also the main site of megakaryocyte-producing platelets in addition to bone marrow. Based on the findings of recent years, this review summarizes the process of megakaryocyte development, maturation and platelet production, with emphasis on the analyzing the regulatory effects of apoptotic factors, miRNA, thrombopoietin and its receptors, interleukins, transcription factors and their corresponding signal pathways on platelet production. To understand the regulatory mechanism of platelet production can help to understand the pathological mechanism of platelet-related diseases and provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of platelet-related diseases.