ABSTRACT
Objectives: Orofacial cysts are broadly divided into odontogenic and nonodontogenic types, epithelial or non-epithelial, and developmental or inflammatory in origin. The odontogenic cyst is an osseous-destructive lesion that most commonly affects the jaw. It is formed by activation of odontogenic cell rests entrapped within the bone or gingival tissue of the jaws, such as the epithelial remains of Malassez, the dental lamina [cell rests of Serres], or the enamel organ
Methods: We performed a retrospective study of all histologically diagnosed cysts of the orofacial region seen at the Maxillofacial clinic of the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, between January 2003 and December 2012
Results: Over the 10-year study period, 64 cases of cystic lesions of the orofacial region were seen in 1162 pathological specimens, representing 5.5%. Of these, there were 35 [54.7%] lesions in males and 29 [45.3%] in females giving a M:F ratio of 1.2:1. The age of the patients ranged from 4-64 years old [mean = 26.3 years]. Dentigerous cyst [n = 21; 32.8%] was the most predominant lesion followed by periodontal [n = 12; 18.8%] and radicular cysts [n = 10; 15.6%]
Conclusions: Cysts of the orofacial region are common in this environment and like previous studies from Nigeria odontogenic cysts are not uncommon, the most predominant being dentigerous cysts
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Non-vascularized iliac crest bone graft (NVIBG) is a known treatment option in mandibular reconstruction following jaw resection, but no documented review of patients treated with NVIBG exists for northern Nigeria. The experience and technique from a Nigerian tertiary hospital may serve as baseline data for comparison and improvement of practice for other institutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records and patient case files from January 2012 to December 2013 was undertaken. All case files and other medical records of patients who had reconstruction with NVIBG for benign or malignant lesions with immediate or delayed reconstruction were selected for review. RESULTS: Twenty patients had mandibular reconstruction with NVIBG during the study period. Two patients were excluded because of incomplete medical records. Eighteen patients' (male=14, female=4) records were reviewed. Their ages ranged from 13 to 62 years (mean 26.0+/-10.6 years). Indications for NVIBG included jaw tumors (n=16; 88.3%), jaw cyst (n=1; 5.6%) and gunshot injury (n=1; 5.6%). Jaw tumors seen were ameloblastoma (n=15; 83.3%) and osteosarcoma (n=1; 5.6%). Treatments done were mandibular resection with condylar resection (n=7; 38.9%), mandibular segmental resection (n=10; 55.6%) and subtotal mandibulectomy (n=1; 5.6%). Patients' postoperative reviews and radiographs revealed good facial profile and continued bone stability up to 1 year following NVIBG. CONCLUSION: NVIBGs provide an acceptable alternative to vascularized bone grafts, genetically engineered bone, and distraction osteogenesis for mandibular reconstruction in resource-limited centers.