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ObjectiveTo investigate the condom use of men who have sex with men （MSM） in Shanghai， the information motivation behavioral skills model （IMB） theory was used to introduce psychosocial factors and study the relevant factors of consistent condom use （CCU） in this population. MethodsA cross-sectional study of 547 MSM in four districts of Shanghai was conducted by snowball sampling. The structural equation model based on psychosocial optimization was constructed and validated using the data collected by structured questionnaires. ResultsAmong the 547 respondents， the proportion of CCU in the past six months was 45.5%. Comparing the fitness of the initial model with that of the adjusted model， we found that the fitness of the adjusted model was good. ConclusionThe proportion of CCU among MSM in Shanghai is relatively low； In addition， information and motivation do not directly affect the CCU of this population； Only behavioral skills have a direct effect on CCU. Finally， social psychological measures should be emphasized for this population， and comprehensive and multi-level strategies should be formulated to control the spread of HIV in this population.
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Objective To explore the influence of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in serum lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), carotid intima-media thickness and stability of atherosclerotic plaques in atherosclerosis patients.Methods A total of 393 cases of patients with carotid artery arteriosclerosis confirmed by carotid color uhrasonography, who are informed consent, was selected as objects.The14C urea breath test was used to determine the infection situation of selected objects of helicobacter pylori.Meanwhile, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the level of serum lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2).Results Serum Lp-PLA2 levels and carotid intimamedia thickness (IMT) of patients with carotid artery atherosclerosis in Hp infection group were higher than that of Hp non-infection group, and with the degree of Hp infection aggravating in the patients of carotid artery atherosclerosis, their serum Lp-PLA2 levels and carotid IMT were also increased accordingly.F test showed that the differences of serum Lp-PLA2 levels and carotid IMT in different degree of carotid artery atherosclerosis group were statistically significant (P ＜0.01).The incidence of unstable plaque of Hp infection group was obviously higher than that of the Hp non-infection group in the carotid atherosclerosis with plaques with statistical significance (chi square value =4.744, P =0.029).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the possibility of complication of unstable plaques in Hp infection group of carotid artery atherosclerosis was 1.82 times than that of non-infection group.With serum Lp-PLA2 every increasing 1 μg/L, the possibility of instability plaque increased by 2％.Conclusions Hp infection may promote the occurrence and development of carotid artery atherosclerosis by increasing serum level of Lp-PLA2 and changing the stability of atherosclerotic plaques.
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Objective To investigate the infection of Helicobacter pylori infection on the serum concentration of homocysteine (Hcy) and its relationship with coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods 159 cases of patients with CHD were selected as the re‐search subjects .They were divided into two groups :infection group and non‐infection group ,according to the results of 14 C‐urea breathe test .And they were also divided into three groups :negative group ,mild infection group and severe infestation group ,accord‐ing to the severity of infection .The CHD patients infected Helicobacter pylori were divided into three groups:low risk group ,mod‐erate risk group and high risk group ,according to SYNTAX scores .The serum Hcy concentration was determined by cyclic enzy‐matic method .Results Comparing with non‐infection group ,the serum Hcy concentration significantly increased in infection group (P<0 .01) .With the aggravation of Helicobacter pylori infection ,the serum Hcy concentration increased .There were significant difference among negative group ,mild infection group and severe infestation group (P<0 .01) .In the CHD patients infected Heli‐cobacter pylori ,the serum Hcy concentration also increased with the aggravation of the severity of coronary lesion .And there were significant difference among low risk group ,moderate risk group and high risk group (P<0 .01) .Conclusion Helicobacter pylori plays a role in the incidence and development of CHD through increasing the serum Hcy concentration .