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Objective To investigate whether plague phages were present in the indicator animals of plague foci in Yunnan Province,and to explore their epidemiological significance.Methods Anus swabs were collected from indicator animals (dogs or cats) of the 41 plague affected villages in 26 towns of 10 cities (counties,districts) of Yunnan plague foci from November of 2015 to March of 2018.The Yersinia pestis phages were isolated by plague vaccine strain EV76.The isolation of plague phages from different plague foci,the isolation of plague phages from different canine species (cats),the polymorphism of plaque and the host spectrum of phages were analyzed.Results A total of 1 014 indicator animals (1 003 dogs and 11 cats) were studied,and 102 of plague phages were isolated.In the 10 cities (counties,districts),plague phages were only not isolated from Lancang County,and the plague phages were isolated from the other 9 cities (counties,districts).The separation rates from high to low were as follows:Yiliang County (21.00％,21/100),Menghai County (19.23％,25/130),Yuanjiang County (11.63％,10/86),Midu County (11.50％,13/113),Wenshan County (10.10％,10/99),Mile Country (7.07％,7/99),Lianghe County (6.67％,7/105),Baoshan Longyang District (4.90％,5/102) and Gengma County (3.81％,4/105).Of the 102 plague phages,75 were isolated from the native dogs (Chinese pastoral dogs,9.32％,75/805),20 from the pug dogs (13.70％,20/146),5 from the wolf dogs (17.24％,5/29),1 from Samoye (1/4) and 1 from Alaska dog (1/2).The plaque of the phage was divided by five appearance of complete lysis (the plate was clear),large (2.5-4.0 mm),big (1.5-＜ 2.5 mm),middle (0.5-＜ 1.5 mm) and small (＜ 0.5 mm).The representative phages were all of the Myoviridae family.Most of the phages could lysis the strains of Yersinia pestis,and some phages could lysis Shigella and type 5 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (PST5).Conclusion The plague phages are present in the plague foci of Yunnan,and the phages are polymorphic.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate whether plague phages were present in the indicator animals of plague foci in Yunnan Province, and to explore their epidemiological significance.@*Methods@#Anus swabs were collected from indicator animals (dogs or cats) of the 41 plague affected villages in 26 towns of 10 cities (counties, districts) of Yunnan plague foci from November of 2015 to March of 2018. The Yersinia pestis phages were isolated by plague vaccine strain EV76. The isolation of plague phages from different plague foci, the isolation of plague phages from different canine species (cats), the polymorphism of plaque and the host spectrum of phages were analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 1 014 indicator animals (1 003 dogs and 11 cats) were studied, and 102 of plague phages were isolated. In the 10 cities (counties, districts), plague phages were only not isolated from Lancang County, and the plague phages were isolated from the other 9 cities (counties, districts). The separation rates from high to low were as follows: Yiliang County (21.00%, 21/100), Menghai County (19.23%, 25/130), Yuanjiang County (11.63%, 10/86), Midu County (11.50%, 13/113), Wenshan County (10.10%, 10/99), Mile Country (7.07%, 7/99), Lianghe County (6.67%, 7/105), Baoshan Longyang District (4.90%, 5/102) and Gengma County (3.81%, 4/105). Of the 102 plague phages, 75 were isolated from the native dogs (Chinese pastoral dogs, 9.32%, 75/805), 20 from the pug dogs (13.70%, 20/146), 5 from the wolf dogs (17.24%, 5/29), 1 from Samoye (1/4) and 1 from Alaska dog (1/2). The plaque of the phage was divided by five appearance of complete lysis (the plate was clear), large (2.5-4.0 mm), big (1.5-< 2.5 mm), middle (0.5-< 1.5 mm) and small (< 0.5 mm). The representative phages were all of the Myoviridae family. Most of the phages could lysis the strains of Yersinia pestis, and some phages could lysis Shigella and type 5 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (PST5).@*Conclusion@#The plague phages are present in the plague foci of Yunnan, and the phages are polymorphic.
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[Objective] To sum up teacher He Lingzhi’s clinical experience and academic ideas on diagnosing and treating IgA nephrosis. [Method] From casa morbi, mechanism and clinical treatment based on differentiation of signs, it expounds teacher He Lingzhi ’s clinical experience and academic points, exampled with a case. [Result] The disease has main mechanism of Qi deficiency, teacher He Lingzhi divides the IgA nephrosis into types of Qi deficiency of lung and spleen, spleen and kidney, both deficiency of lung and kidney, Yang deficiency of spleen and kidney, Yin deficiency of liver and kidney, both deficiency of Qi and Yin, Yin and Yang, thus forms the treating rules of tonifying Qi to reinforce spleen, tonifying lung to nourish kidney, tonifying liver and kidney, Qi and Yin, Yin and Yang. The case here was relieved the nephrosis symptoms with the treatment. [Conclusion] Teacher He Lingzhi has rich clinical experience in treating IgA nephrosis with differentiation of signs, with definite cure effect.
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Objective To investigate the characteristics of children ametropia in the development process ,predict and analyze the refractive state with the measurement data of refractive factors on the children aged from 5 to 13 years old .Methods 461 children (922 eyes) ,aged from 5 to 13 years old ,were selected from outpatients who went to ophthalmology clinic from January 2011 to September 2012 .The static diopter was measured by the optometry with the continuous mydriasis of 5 days using the ophthalmic gel of 1% atropine .And the biological measured values of refractive factors were obtained by the A type ultrasonic and keratome-ter .Meanwhile ,the parameters including the height (H) ,weight and the dominant eye were recorded to analyze the characteristics of children ametropia in the development process ,and then the equation between the diopter and the correlative factors including the measurement data of refractive factors and growth factors was established by the stepwise multiple regression analysis .Results (1) The myopia degree of the right eye static diopter was significantly deeper than the left (P0 .05) .In the group in which the right eye was dominant ,the difference of the left eye and right eye refractive factors was not statistically significant (P>0 .05) except the instance in which K1 of the right eye was bigger than the left eye(P<0 .05) .(2) In the period of 5 to 13 years old ,the myopia developing trend of girls was earlier than boys .(3) The ocular axis length(AL) and H development had a close relationship ,and the correlation equation of them was AL =16 .135+0 .052H(r=0 .993) .(4) The multiple linear regression equation for the relationship between the static diopter (D) ,ocular AL and mean value of the corneal curvature (K) was D=84 .271-0 .937K -1 .878AL(r=0 .871) .Conclusion The ocular AL and H development of children have a close relationship .The static diopter(D) of the children aged from 5 to 13 years old can be predicted by the ocular axis length(AL) and corneal curvature(K) , w hich can be used to prevent myopia reasonably .