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Salud pública Méx ; 53(supl.2): s220-s232, 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-597141

ABSTRACT

En este trabajo se describe el sistema mexicano de salud. En la primera parte se discuten las condiciones de salud de la población mexicana, con énfasis en los padecimientos emergentes que constituyen las principales causas de muerte: diabetes, enfermedades isquémicas del corazón, padecimientos cerebrovasculares y cáncer. En la segunda parte se describe la estructura básica del sistema: las instituciones que lo conforman, la población a la que cubre, los beneficios que reciben los afiliados de las distintas instituciones, las fuentes de financiamiento del sistema, los niveles de protección financiera alcanzados, los recursos físicos, materiales y humanos con los que cuenta y las principales tareas de rectoría que desarrollan la Secretaría de Salud y otros actores. También se describen los mecanismos de participación de los ciudadanos en la vigilancia y evaluación del desempeño del sistema y su nivel de satisfacción con los servicios recibidos. La tercera parte se dedica a discutir las innovaciones más recientes y su impacto en la operación del sistema. Destaca la discusión del recién creado Sistema de Protección Social en Salud y su brazo operativo, el Seguro Popular de Salud. El trabajo concluye con un análisis de los principales retos que enfrenta en el corto y mediano plazo el sistema mexicano de salud.


This paper describes the Mexican health system. In part one, the health conditions of the Mexican population are discussed, with emphasis in those emerging diseases that are now the main causes of death, both in men and women: diabetes, ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases and cancer. Part two is devoted to the description of the basic structure of the system: its main institutions, the population coverage, the health benefits of those affiliated to the different heath institutions, its financial sources, the levels of financial protection in health, the availability of physical, material and human resources for health, and the stewardship functions displayed by the Ministry of Health and other actors. This part also discusses the role of citizens in the monitorization and evaluation of the health system, as well as the levels of satisfaction with the rendered health services. In part three the most recent innovations and its impact on the performance of the health system are discussed. Salient among them are the System of Social Protection in Health and the Popular Health Insurance. The paper concludes with a brief analysis of the short- and middle-term challenges faced by the Mexican health system.


Subject(s)
Humans , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Health Services Administration , Community Participation/statistics & numerical data , Delivery of Health Care/economics , Delivery of Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Demography , Financing, Organized/economics , Financing, Organized/organization & administration , Financing, Organized/statistics & numerical data , Government Programs/economics , Government Programs/organization & administration , Government Programs/statistics & numerical data , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data , Health Resources/organization & administration , Health Resources/statistics & numerical data , Health Resources/supply & distribution , Health Services Administration/economics , Health Services Administration/statistics & numerical data , Health Services/economics , Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Health Status Indicators , Insurance Benefits/economics , Insurance Benefits/statistics & numerical data , Insurance Coverage/economics , Insurance Coverage/statistics & numerical data , Insurance, Health/economics , Insurance, Health/organization & administration , Insurance, Health/statistics & numerical data , Mexico , National Health Programs/economics , National Health Programs/organization & administration , National Health Programs/statistics & numerical data , Organizational Innovation , Private Sector/economics , Private Sector/organization & administration , Private Sector/statistics & numerical data , Quality Assurance, Health Care/organization & administration , Social Security/economics , Social Security/organization & administration , Social Security/statistics & numerical data , Vital Statistics
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