ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective Investigate the use of psychoactive substances at least once in life among students at the beginning and end of their courses and determine the associated factors. Methods A cross-sectional study conducted with a representative sample of 398 students in public university. The students answered a questionnaire validated for the evaluation of drug use and socio-demographic data. Poisson regression analysis was performed. Results A total of 56.3% and 13.3% of the students had used both legal and ilegal drugs. The following variables remained significantly associated with legal drug use in the final model: male sex (PR=1.48; 95%CI: 1.25-1.76), older age group (PR=1.23; 95%CI: 1.03-1.47), not living with parents (PR=1.20; 95%CI: 1.01-1.41), not having a religion (PR=1.37; 95%CI: 1.16-1.62) and taking a course in the health field (PR=1.33; 95%CI: 1.08-1.64). The following variables were significantly associated with ilegal drug use: male sex (PR=2.33; 95%CI: 1.35-4.02), older age group (PR=2.27; 95%CI: 1.28-4.02), higher monthly income (PR=1.73; 95%CI: 1.05-2.85) and not having a religion (PR=1.70; 95%CI: 1.02-2.84). Conclusion Legal and ilegal drug use at least once in life was associated with social factors, sex, age, income, religion, living situation and type of higher education course.
Resumo Objetivo Investigar o uso de substâncias psicoativas, pelo menos uma vez na vida, entre os alunos no início e no final de seus cursos e determinar os fatores associados. Métodos Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 398 alunos de uma universidade pública. Os alunos responderam a um questionário validado para a avaliação do uso de drogas e tiveram dados sociodemográficos coletados. A análise de regressão de Poisson foi realizada. Resultados Dos estudantes, 56,3 e 13,3% utilizaram drogas lícitas e ilícitas, respectivamente. As seguintes variáveis permaneceram significativamente associadas ao uso de drogas lícitas no modelo final: sexo masculino (RP=1,48; IC95%: 1,25-1,76), faixa etária mais avançada (RP=1,23; IC95%: 1,03-1,47), não residir na casa dos pais (RP=1,20; IC95%: 1,01-1,41), não ter religião (RP=1,37; IC95%: 1,16-1,62) e cursar área da saúde (RP=1,33; IC95%: 1,08-1,64). As seguintes variáveis foram significativamente associadas ao uso de drogas ilícitas: sexo masculino (RP=2,33; IC 95%: 1,35-4,02), faixa etária mais avançada (RP=2,27; IC95%: 1,28-4,02), maior renda mensal (RP=1,73; IC95%: 1,05-2,85) e não ter uma religião (RP=1,70; IC95%: 1,02-2,84). Conclusão O uso de drogas lícitas e ilícitas, pelo menos uma vez na vida, foi associado a fatores sociais, sexo, idade, renda, religião, situação de vida e tipo de ensino superior.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate parental influence on children's answers to an oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) questionnaire. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 84 pairs of 5-year-olds and parents/guardians. The participants were selected from a primary family healthcare center in Campina Grande, Brazil. First, the children and parents answered respective versions of the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for Five-Year-Old Children (SOHO-5). Seven days later, the children answered their version of the SOHO-5, without the presence of their parents/guardians, and underwent a clinical exam of dental caries, traumatic dental injury and malocclusion, by a previously calibrated researcher. Statistical analysis involved a comparison of mean scores and the calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Poisson regression models were used to associate the variables (α = 5%). No significant differences were found between the mean SOHO-5 scores of the children when alone or accompanied by parents/guardians (p > 0.05). The ICC between the answers of the children alone or accompanied was 0.84. White spot (PR = 6.32; 95%CI: 1.36 - 29.40) and cavitated lesions (PR = 9.81; 95%CI: 3.22 - 29.85) had an impact on OHRQoL, according to the children's self-report, whereas cavitated lesions (PR = 90.52; 95%CI: 13.26 - 617.74) and anterior open bite (PR = 1.95; 95%IC: 1.07 - 3.53) remained on the final model, according to the parents' version of the SOHO-5. In conclusion, parents did not influence the children's responses, and dental caries are the oral health problem exerting the greatest impact on the children's OHRQoL.