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Objective@#To explore the relative risks of rotavirus diarrhea after exposure to different levels of atmospheric pressure in children in Guangzhou City, so as to provide reference for improving public awareness of high atmospheric pressure exposure.@*Methods@#The study used the China Notifiable Communicable Diseases Network System and China Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service Network to collect meteorological data and data relating to daily cases of rotavirus diarrhea in children at Guangzhou Women and Children s Medical Center from 2012 to 2020. The association between rotavirus diarrhea and atmospheric pressure was analyzed using distributed lag non linear models (DLNM). The relative risks of different sex and age sub groups exposed to different atmospheric pressures were also evaluated.@*Results@#A total of 18 587 cases of rotavirus diarrhea were reported from 2012 to 2020, among which 11 662 cases (62.7%) were boys, and 12 582 cases (67.7%) were children aged 6 to 24 months old, which represented the highest proportion. The results of the DLNM showed that the relative risk of rotavirus diarrhea was the highest on the day of exposure to extreme high atmospheric pressure ( RR =1.50, 95% CI =1.24-1.82, P <0.05) and the effect could last for 28 days. Risk of rotavirus diarrhea was low for exposure to low pressure within 2 weeks ( P <0.05). During extremely high atmospheric pressure weather, RR was higher in girls ( RR =3.31, 95% CI =1.46-7.49， P <0.05) than that in boys ( RR =1.98, 95% CI =0.96-4.07， P >0.05). Among different age sub groups, RR was the highest in children aged 24 to 60 months after exposure to the highest level of atmospheric pressure exposure ( RR =3.36, 95% CI =1.27-8.89, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#In Guangzhou, exposure to high pressure increases the risk of rotavirus diarrhea in children. In the future, public awareness should be raised regarding the risk after exposure to high atmospheric pressure.
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Objective:To retrospectively analyze the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of bullous pemphigoid (BP) .Methods:Clinical data were collected from BP patients who received injections of dupilumab at an initial dose of 600 mg followed by an every-2-week regimen at a dose of 300 mg (the frequency of injections could be increased if necessary) in Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital from October 2020 to October 2021, and their clinical manifestations and changes in laboratory indices were analyzed.Results:A total of 21 BP patients treated with dupilumab were included in this study. Nineteen (90.5%) patients achieved complete or marked disease control after 2-week treatment with dupilumab; 12 patients were followed up for 16 weeks, and all maintained complete disease control at 16 weeks. All patients had a bullous pemphigoid disease area index (BPDAI) score of 122.5 ± 51.1 points at baseline, which decreased to 30.6 ± 27.4 points after 2-week treatment with dupilumab ( t = 8.53, P < 0.001) , and continued to decrease to 12.7 ± 9.1 points after 4-week treatment ( t = 9.73, P < 0.001) . Pruritus was markedly relieved in all the 21 patients within 4-week treatment with dupilumab. Among 10 patients with elevated eosinophil counts at baseline, the eosinophil counts markedly decreased in 9 after treatment. The serum IgE level was elevated in 7 patients at baseline, which markedly decreased in 6 after treatment. Viral conjunctivitis occurred in 1 (4.8%) patient, and no adverse reactions were observed in other patients. Conclusion:Dupilumab is effective in the control of BP and relief of pruritus, with a favorable safety profile.
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a public problem that seriously threatens human health. Evaluation of liver fibrosis progression with an efficient noninvasive model is of great significance for condition assessment, disease management, and prognostic evaluation in patients with chronic HBV infection. This article reviews the noninvasive models commonly used in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in recent years, summarizes the research background, methods, related studies, and advantages and disadvantages of these models, and analyzes the current research status and possible development trends of liver fibrosis assessment models. Recent studies have shown that although current models are not perfect for Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection as the main predisposing factor for liver fibrosis, the excellent performance of noninvasive models in liver fibrosis assessment provides a reference for the assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV infection and can replace liver biopsy to a certain extent.
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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a public problem that seriously threatens human health. Evaluation of liver fibrosis progression with an efficient noninvasive model is of great significance for condition assessment, disease management, and prognostic evaluation in patients with chronic HBV infection. This article reviews the noninvasive models commonly used in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in recent years, summarizes the research background, methods, related studies, and advantages and disadvantages of these models, and analyzes the current research status and possible development trends of liver fibrosis assessment models. Recent studies have shown that although current models are not perfect for Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection as the main predisposing factor for liver fibrosis, the excellent performance of noninvasive models in liver fibrosis assessment provides a reference for the assessment of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV infection and can replace liver biopsy to a certain extent.
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BACKGROUND@#Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China, among which non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 80%. Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) targeted therapy has been playing an important role in treatment of NSCLC. However, unavoidable therapeutic resistance significantly limits the clinical efficacy of EGFR-TKI. As a key member of the forkhead box protein family, FOXC1 is aberrantly expressed in NSCLC and involved in NSCLC progression. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect and potential mechanism of FOXC1 on gefitinib resistance in NSCLC.@*METHODS@#Western blot was performed to assess the expression of FOXC1 protein in HCC827/GR cells. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed in human NSCLC tissues with gefitinib resistance. HCC827/GR cells were transfected with shRNA specifically targeting FOXC1 mRNA and stable cell lines were established. The effects of FOXC1 on cell viability and apoptosis were analyzed using a new methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay (MTS assay) and flow cytometry. Self-renewal ability was determined by mammosphere-formation analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were employed to detect the expression of SOX2, Nanog, OCT4 and CD133. Flow cytometry analysis were further used to detect the level of CD133. IHC assays were used to detect the levels of SOX2 and CD133 in NSCLC tissues with genfitiinb resistance. Correlations of the expressions of FOXC1, CD133 and SOX2 with each other in lung adenocarcinoma samples were analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.@*RESULTS@#The expression of FOXC1 is significantly increased in HCC827/GR cells compared with HCC827 cells (P<0.05). IHC results showed FOXC1 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues with gefitinib resisitance. Knockdown of FOXC1 significantly increased the sensitivity of HCC827/GR cells to gefitinib. The cell viability was decreased and the apoptosis was promoted (P<0.05). Moreover, FOXC1 knockdown apparently inhibited the expression of SOX2 and CD133, and decreased the mammosphere-formation capacity in HCC827/GR cells. In NSCLC tissues with gefitinib resistance, the expressions of SOX2 and CD133 were significantly higher compared with gefitinib-sensitive tissues (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the expressions of FOXC1, CD133 and SOX2 with each other were positively correlated (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#FOXC1 could increase gefitinib resitance in NSCLC, by which mechanism is related to the regulation of cancer stem cell properties.
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Objective:To investigate the method and effect of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) allograft combined with fat grafting for penile augmentation.Methods:The first phase of enhancing the penile augmentation was using the dual plane approach with acellular dermal matrix, and the second phase was injecting autologous fat into the layer between dartos fascia and buck fascia.Results:23 patients were followed up for 6 months after operation, their penile circumference at flaccid after the operations (11.08±1.67) cm was increased significantly compared to that before the operations (7.87±1.08) cm. All patients were satisfactory with the cosmetic and functional results, and no fat liquefaction, necrosis and other complications happened.Conclusions:Acellular dermal matrix allograft combined with fat injection is an effective and safe way for penile augmentation, which has the characteristics of good shape and few complications.
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Objective:To establish osimertinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line and explore its drug resistance mechanism.Methods:The human NSCLC cell line H1975 was used as the research object, and low-concentration osimertinib was used to continuously select secondary drug-resistant cell lines. Osimertinib drug sensitivity of cells was detected by MTS method. Cell proliferation was detected by live cell workstations. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Protein mass spectrometry was used to construct differentially expressed protein profiles between parental and drug-resistant cells and some resistance-related proteins were validated by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot.Results:Secondary drug-resistant H1975/OSI cell line were successfully established. Compared with the parental cells, the resistance index of H1975/OSI cells increased by 27.25 times ( P<0.01), the cell proliferation ability decreased but the apoptosis resistance increased ( P=0.01), and no new drug-resistance related gene mutation in H1975/OSI cells. Meanwhile, the differential protein expression profiles of H1975 and H1975/OSI cells were built, and 307 upregulated proteins and 295 down-regulated proteins were found in resistant cells. When fibroblast specific protein-1 (FSP1) gene with expression up-regulation was diturbed in H1975/OSI cells, the cell IC50 value of osimertinib decreased 3.51 times ( P=0.02) , and when FSP1 was overexpressed in the H1975 cells, the IC50 value of osimertinib increased by 3.75 times ( P<0.01). Conclusions:We successfully established human NSCLC osimitinib-resistant cell line H1975/OSI. Protein differential expression profiles between H1975 and H1975/OSI was constructed successfully. It was found that FSP1 was involved in mediating the resistance of H1975/OSI to osimertinib.
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Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of miR-23b on the proliferation and migration of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells.Methods Real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-23b in triple negative breast cancer tissues.MDA-MB-231/miR-23b,BT549/miR-23b cell lines are constructed.Proliferation assay,scaling healing experiment and Transwell migration assay were used to detect the effect of miR-23b on the proliferation and migration of triple negative breast cancer cells.Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was employed to examine the interactions between miR-23b and forkhead box C2 (FOXC2).Real time PCR and Western blot were performed to detect the effect of miR-23b on the expression of FOXC2.Results The expression level of miR-23b in triple negative breast cancer tissues was significantly less than that in adjacent normal tissues.miR-23b could reduced the proliferation and migration of triple negative breast cancer cells.Dual-luciferase assay confirmed that miR-23b could regulate the expression and activity of FOXC2.The expression of FOXC2 in mRNA and protein level was inhibited by miR-23b.Conclusions miR-23b can inhibit the expression of FOXC2 and affect the proliferation and migration of triple negative breast cancer cells.
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AIM:To explore whether YAP protein is important in induced pluripotent stem cell ( iPSC)-induced cardiovascular progenitor cell and/or vascular smooth muscle differentiation .METHODS:Using episomal vector based reprogramming , we generated human iPSCs from donor fibroblasts .We used both this iPSCs and human H 1 embryonic stem cells to differentiate into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) through cardiovascular progenitor cells (CVPC).Western blotting, qPCR and immunofluorescence microscopy were used to check the expression of YAP and related genes during this differentiation process .RESULTS:The results showed that iPSCs expressed pluripotent stem cell markers, such as Oct4, Nanog, Sox2, TRA-1-60 and SSEA3, and could form teratoma in SCID mice.YAP was highly expressed in pluripotent stem cells , but dramatically decreased when CVPC differentiation started .YAP gradually increased dur-ing CVPC three-day differentiation.The TAZ and YAP binding partner TEAD1, but not TEAD2 and TEAD4, have similar expression pattern in CVPC differentiation .Immunofluorescence result confirmed that YAP was activated and accumulated in nucleus .Interesting-ly, both YAP and phosphorylated YAP expression decreased to very low level after CVPC differentiated into VSMCs in 7 days.TEAD4 and TAZ also decreased, while TEAD1, TEAD2 and TEAD3 expression did not change during VSMC differentiation .CONCLU-SION:YAP and TEAD1 expression increased during CVPC differentiation , while YAP and TEAD4 expression decreased from CVPC to VSMCs differentiation , which suggested YAP might have different function during diverse cell differentiation .
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Objective To dynamically the preparation process of Huangqi injection and to verify the rationality and existing problems of the process. Methods The preparation was made by the current standard (WS3-B-3335-98) issued by Ministry of Health, and the solid amount of the key processes were measured. The HPLC separation was performed on a Agilent Zorbax Bio-C18 reversed-phase column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5μm) in gradient mode of acetonitrile-water with UV detection at 254 nm. The column temperature was kept at 25 ℃, and the flow rate of mobile phase was 1.0 ml/min. Results Solid amounts of different operations of Huangqi injection were measured accurately. The content of the third water extracts was only 6.1%, and the changes of HPLC pointed the content of the 12 peaks of the second peaks decreased obviously. Conclusion The technological rationality of Huangqi injection need to be verified and optimized, the dynamic analysis of HPLC describes the changes of chemical constituents of Huangqi injection qualitatively, which also provides a reference value for establishing its fingerprint.
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@#Objective To observe the effect of Zhenganxifeng decoction and Buyanghuanwu decoction on the early rehabilitation of the stroke.Methods 101 cases with acute stroke were randomly divided into the treatment group(n=51) and control group(n=50).All patients were treated with routine medical therapy,physiotherapy and electric stimulation for a month.The treatment group was treated with Zhenganxifeng decoction while the control group with Buyanghuanwu decoction in addition.Results The motor function and Activities of Daily Living(ADL) in both groups were improved after treatment,but were better in treatment group than in control group(P<0.01).Conclusion It is better to use Zhenganxifeng decoction in the early rehabilitation of the stroke than Buyanghuanwu decoction.