ABSTRACT
Dental fear is a common problem in pediatric dentistry. Therefore, sedation for pediatric patients is an essential tool for anxiety management. Nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation is a safe, convenient, effective way to calm children. The review is about the technology of nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation and its clinical application in pediatric dentistry.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Anesthesia, Dental , Anesthetics, Inhalation , Conscious Sedation , Dental Anxiety , Nitrous Oxide , Oxygen , Pediatric DentistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare shear bond strength (SBS) between composite resin core (CRC) disposed with three different surface treatments and glass ionomer cement (GIC), so that to provide theoretical basis for luting of crowns to CRC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to three different surface treatments, thirty blocks of CRC were randomly and equally divided into three groups: Roughening with diamond grit bur(RDB), RDB plus etching with Gluma Etch 35 Gel (RDBE), RDB plus coating with Adper Single Bond2 adhensive (RDBA). All CRC were cemented with GIC. All specimens were preserved in 37 degrees C water for 24 h, then SBS tests for eight specimens in each group were performed using a universal testing machine at a constant crosshead speed of 0.5 mm x min(-1). The surface topography of one CRC of each group was observed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) at 100 amplification. The interface between CRC and GIC was observed using FE-SEM at 500 amplification. Then the nature of failure was also recorded using FE-SEM at 25 amplification and the data were analyzed with a Kruskal-Wallis H test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The surface topography of each group and the interface between CRC and GIC observed using FE-SEM were significantly different, but significant differences on the nature of failure between groups were not found (P > 0.10). SBS of each group was (4.28 +/- 0.18) MPa for RDB, (4.65 +/- 0.17) MPa for RDBE, (2.39 +/- 0.21) MPa for RDBA, respectively (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The SBS between CRC and GIC is affected by the surface treatments of CRC.</p>