Heavy smoking

This study is conducted to observe the serum lipoprotein in chronic heavy smokers in LUMHS Sindh. Analytical study. It was conducted on 60 non obese adult smokers, both sexes, who smoked more than twenty cigarettes or beeries a day regularly fro more than five years. All the participants were current smokers. Sampling technique was simple random technique. The study was conducted in outdoor department of LUMHS Jamshoro/ Hyderabad. Jan 2010 to Jan 2011, Eighteen hours fasting blood sample was sent for lipid studies. Lipid studied were serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, high density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins. For control values ATP3 guidelines were used. Mean of statistical values was 25-70 years. Mean age was 47.81 +/- 12.96 years. Median age was 50 years. Male/female ratio was 45/15. Patients were from both rural and urban area. Mean duration of smoking was 25.5 +/- 9.15 years. The study carried out on 60 chronic heavy smokers, showed deranged lipid levels as: Total cholesterol mean 237.57 mg/dl +/- 37.89; TG mean 203.76 mg/dl +/- 47.08; LDL-C mean 158.62 mg/dl +/- 17.25; HDL-C mean 29.67 mg/dl +/- 3.12. Results are shown in Table No I. Our study conducted at LUMHS showed that by continuous heavy smoking the serum lipid levels get deranged

Frequency of control of blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at tertiary medical care unit

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a medical disorder characterized by varying or persistent hyperglycemia resulting from the defective secretion or action of the insulin. As the serious complications of diabetes mellitus are associated with control and duration of the disease, so this study was planned to observe the frequency of control of blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus. Design: A descriptive study Setting: This study was designed at Mohammad Medical College Mirpurkhas Sind. Patients were collected in months of Jan-Mar 2008 in a weekly blood sugar camp arranged at MMC hospital

Methods: Five hundred diagnosed patients of Type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in this study. Their parameters were recorded in detail on pre-designed proforma. Control of blood sugar was evaluated by fasting blood sugar, 2 hours postprandial blood sugar, urine detailed report and hemoglobin A1C

Results: Majority of patients had unacceptable control of diabetes mellitus. Three hundred and sixty-six [73.2%] patients had poor control of blood glucose, while only 134[26.8%] patients had acceptable control of blood glucose

Conclusion: This study proved that control of blood glucose remained poor, i.e. 73.2% patients remained uncontrolled even after attempts to treat the disease; it shows that because of this poor control of blood glucose huge number of patients in future will land up with serious complications. Huge number [93.2%] patients had no knowledge about the disease