ABSTRACT
This study aims to evaluate the chemopreventive activity of two antioxidants (curcumin [CUM] and caffeic acid [CAF]), focusing on how these antioxidants could reduce cytotoxicity induced by short term secondhand exposure of waterpipe tobacco smoking. Forty-eight adult male BALB/c albino mice were equally divided into four groups. Antioxidants were delivered intraperitoneally, and the exposure to waterpipe smoking (WPS) was performed using a smoking machine. This experiment lasts for 14 consecutive days. Serum were collected from mice before dissection to quantify the activity of some liver enzymes, kidney function tests and proinflammatory cytokines. Lung, heart, and kidney were isolated and processed for light microscopy technique. Parallel treatment of CUM or CAF along with exposure to WPS showed less inflammation, less vacuolized, and more inflated alveoli, less deteriorations in cortex part of kidney, and less disintegration of cardiac myofibers in comparison to waterpipe only. Besides, CUM and CAF significantly reduced the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and proinflammatory cytokines. CUM and CAF were found to have anti-inflammatory and ameliorative effects against the cytotoxicity induced by exposure to waterpipe tobacco smoking, and CUM showed better chemopreventive activity than CAF.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to evaluate the chemopreventive activity of two antioxidants (curcumin [CUM] and caffeic acid [CAF]), focusing on how these antioxidants could reduce cytotoxicity induced by short term secondhand exposure of waterpipe tobacco smoking. Forty-eight adult male BALB/c albino mice were equally divided into four groups. Antioxidants were delivered intraperitoneally, and the exposure to waterpipe smoking (WPS) was performed using a smoking machine. This experiment lasts for 14 consecutive days. Serum were collected from mice before dissection to quantify the activity of some liver enzymes, kidney function tests and proinflammatory cytokines. Lung, heart, and kidney were isolated and processed for light microscopy technique. Parallel treatment of CUM or CAF along with exposure to WPS showed less inflammation, less vacuolized, and more inflated alveoli, less deteriorations in cortex part of kidney, and less disintegration of cardiac myofibers in comparison to waterpipe only. Besides, CUM and CAF significantly reduced the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and proinflammatory cytokines. CUM and CAF were found to have anti-inflammatory and ameliorative effects against the cytotoxicity induced by exposure to waterpipe tobacco smoking, and CUM showed better chemopreventive activity than CAF.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: to establish the normal values of Quadriceps angle[Q angle] in Jordanians according to gender and bilaterality within-subject symmetry in both extremities, and to examine its association with anthropometric measures [body height, weight, body mass index, pelvic width, and waist to hip circumference ratio]
Methods: a double-centered study was conducted at Department of Anatomy of University of Jordan, and Orthopedic Department of Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan, between September 2014 and December 2014. Q angle was measured using goniometer from 419 individuals [219 males and 200 females]. Pearson Correlation coefficient was used to assess the influence of with anthropometric measures on the values of the Q angle in both genders
Results: the mean values [SD] of the Q angle among males and females were 14.4 [1.9] and 18.4 [1.8], respectively. Those values were relatively higher than normal values recorded in the literature. No significant difference was found between sides in different groups. In both genders, the relationship of mean Q angle was significant when correlated with height and BMI; but with pelvic width, such a relationship was seen only for females. Weight and WHR showed no correlation with Q angle values, but in females showing lower body obesity pattern [BMI > 30 and WHR < 0.85], the WHR had a moderate negative correlation with Q angle measurements
Conclusion: this study reinforces the need to establish reference values of Q angle in a given population
ABSTRACT
To determine the association between preterm birth [PTB] and maternal oral diseases during pregnancy. This prospective study was performed by the neonatal and dental departments at Jordan University Hospital. The study included 100 women who gave birth to preterm singleton infants [born less than 37 complete weeks from last menstrual period] between January and July 2009. The control group included an equal number of women who delivered singleton, full-term infants on the same day or the day after the women in the study. The mothers' demographic data were collected using a questionnaire, and an oral examination was conducted for each participant. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS for Windows release 16.0 [SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA]. Factors related to PTB were studied in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Significantly higher DMFT [decayed, missing, filled teeth] index scores, Silness and Loe plaque index scores and Muhlemann tooth mobility index scores were associated with PTB. Mothers who did not have prepregnancy dental checkups had a significantly higher incidence of PTB. Fewer mothers in the PTB group visited dentists during their last pregnancy compared with controls. Oral health, especially healthy periodontium, is one reliable indicator for predicting a safe pregnancy outcome
ABSTRACT
To determine the diagnostic efficiency of ultrasonography [U/S] and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] in detecting de Quervain's tenosynovitis. Forty wrists of 29 symptomatic patients [21 females and 8 males] were selected during a 12 months period. Patients with suggestive clinical de Quervain's tenosynovitis underwent both wrist ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging, to determine changes in the first dorsal compartment thickness in both genders. T1-weighted images were obtained in axial, sagittal and coronal planes. Whereas, T2-weighted gradient echo images and T2-weighted fat saturation images were performed in axial and coronal planes. Cohen Kappa was used for statistical analysis. The ultrasonographic results among all diseased wrists showed 100% tendon thickening, 97.5% peritendinous edema, 72.5% decreased tendon mobility and 70% septation. The magnetic resonance imaging results showed 95% tendon thickening, 85% peritendinous edema, 62.5% increased tendon signal, 60% septation, 55% subcutaneous edema, and 45% synovial thickening among the whole group. All values demonstrated differences among genders and more prominent in females.The prime reliable finding is in respect to superiority of ultrasound in all comparable criteria which was confirmed by statistical results. Ultrasonography is considered the favorite technique to validate the clinical diagnosis. It gives special accuracy and high diagnostic capability even in early stages. Magnetic resonance imaging could be significant in doubtful clinical diagnoses not confirmed by ultrasonography. In addition, magnetic resonance imaging has advanced capability to detect other soft tissue and bone marrow abnormalities
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , De Quervain Disease/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , De Quervain Disease/diagnostic imaging , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objectives: To study the pattern and changes of lumbar intervertebral foraminal width in asymptomatic Jordanian sample in relation to age, sex and level
Methods: A total of 153 asymptomatic patients [87 males and 66 females] were selected during the study period between June 1999 to June 2000, at Jordan University Hospital and Faculty of medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan. Measurements of intervertebral foraminal width at all lumbar levels were done on parasagittal magnetic resonance images. Values were analyzed and significant differences in the means of foraminal width at different levels in every age group and among age groups were determined
Results: The mean foraminal width measured was 10.2 + 0.9mm with a range of 8.5 - 12.4mm. As related to level, values increased in both genders to reach their maximum at L2/3 and L3/4 especially in older age groups. As related to age, foraminal widths in females increased significantly only at L3/4 and L4/5 and reached their maximum values in the 6[th] decade followed by a general decrease especially at upper lumbar levels. In males, foramina] widths exhibited a significant decrease up to the 5[th] decade at upper lumbar levels
Conclusion: As an entirety, the presented baseline data of lumbar FW and FH can serve as a reference for future studies on normal and degenerative spine and is essential to identify Jordanian population at risk of lumbar nerve root entrapment. It may also provide clinicians with a fundamental channel for refining the excellence of their diagnosis and management
ABSTRACT
The vascular anatomy of the spleen with its segmental architecture offers the opportunity for partial splenectomy. Since the splenic segments cannot be distinguished from the surface, the arteries and veins supplying and draining the part of the spleen to be resected should be identified and ligated as the first step. The aim of this study was to investigate the hilar vascular pattern of the spleen and to correlate it with the shape of the spleen, the presence or absence of notches at the anterior border, and the length of the hilus. Sixty spleens were studied by careful dissection of the hilar vessels. A bifurcation of the splenic artery was not noted in 93.3% and a trifurcation in 6.7%. The Y-type of branching of the hilar vessels with easier access for surgical procedures was noted in 83.3% and a T-type in 16.7%