ABSTRACT
Se evaluó un micrométodo para la realización de pruebas de sensibilidad de levaduras frente a antifúngicos, basado en el macrométodo en medio líquido estandarizado por el National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) Subcommittee on Antifungal Susceptibility Testing. En este trabajo se compararon ambos métodos utilizando 6 cepas de referencia de diferente sensibilidad a los siguientes antifúngicos, anfotericina B (AMB), flucitosina (5FC), fluconazol (FCZ), itraconazol (ITZ), ketoconazol (KTZ) y miconazol (MCZ). Se observaron variaciones de sólo 1 ó 2 diluciones entre los resultados de las concentraciones inhibitorias mínimas (CIM) obtenidas con las dos técnicas. Asimismo, se compararon las lecturas visuales de CIM por micrométodo con las mediciones turbidimétricas del crecimiento en distintas concentraciones de antifúngicos frente a 47 aislamientos de Candida albicans. Existió una correlación significativa (p<0.001) entre CIM visual y la inhibición del 80 por ciento de crecimiento determinada por turbidimetría con AMB, 5FC, FCZ, ITZ y MCZ; en cambio no hubo correlación alguna para KTZ (p=1.00)
Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Amphotericin B/pharmacokinetics , Fluconazole/pharmacokinetics , Flucytosine/pharmacokinetics , Itraconazole/pharmacokinetics , Ketoconazole/pharmacokinetics , Miconazole/pharmacokinetics , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Yeasts/drug effects , ArgentinaABSTRACT
The results obtained with 307 specimens from putatively immunocompetent patients between May 1991 and May 1992 were reviewed, to determine the frequency of isolation of fungal species causing onychomycoses. Sixty eight percent of the specimen were positive for microscopic examination and/or cultures. Onychomycoses occurred with double frequency in women than in men (Table 1), and 77
of cases were diagnosed in patients aged between 30 and 70 years (Figure 1). Out of 182 patients with positive cultures, 60
were affected by dermatophytes and 39
by yeasts; molds (Aspergillus spp.) were isolated in only two cases (Table 3). Neither Corynebacterium spp., nor Malasezzia furfur were detected. In toe nails Trichophyton rubrum predominated over yeasts being isolated in 72.9
of the cases; yeasts other than Candida albicans were isolated in 12.3
, Trichophyton mentagrophytes in 10
, while Aspergillus spp., C. albicans and Epidermophyton floccosum in only 1.6
. On the other hand, in finger nails yeasts predominated: C. albicans was isolated in 46.7
of cases, other yeasts in 43.3
; and T. rubrum in the remaining 10
. Out of 41 isolations of yeasts other than C. albicans, 42
Trichosporum cutaneum and 6
ABSTRACT
In a retrospective review of laboratory records at the Department of Mycology, National Institute of Microbiology [quot ]Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán[quot ], during the period June 1989-July 1991, 1225 putatively immunocompetent cases of superficial mycoses were identified. Ninety five percent of these patients were adults and 5
children. Among the total cases, dermatomycoses were caused, 67.6
by Malassezia furfur. and 0.5
by other fungi, as proven by the isolation of the etiological agents. (Figure 1, Table 2). Among the dermatophytes Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes greatly predominated accounting for 66.6
of the isolates, respectively, whereas Microsporum canis (8.0
) and Microsporum gypseum (0.3
) were found with less frequency (Figure 2). Nails (47
) were the most common source of isolates in adults, followed by feet (28
) and hands (2
) (Table 1). Regarding the relative efficiency of the diagnostic methods, the analyses of laboratory results evidenced that, 98
of the cases with clinical findings compatible with mycoses and 76
of the cases with positive cultures (Table 1) were identified by microscopic observation.