ABSTRACT
Aim To explore the effects of Baixiangdan capsule on learning and memory in PMS rat model with liver-qi invasion syndrome. Methods Liver-qi inva-sion rat model was prepared using foot-shock and noise stimulation, and then the model was treated with drugs, finally all the group of rats were evaluated using open-field test. We also detected learning and memory function of PMS liver-qi invasion rats model using Y-maze, new-object recognition and Morris water maze test. Results Compared with the normal group, the total distance increased significantly, number of crosses into the central area and duration of movement in the central area decreased significantly in model group. The total distance decreased significantly, number of crosses into the central area and duration of movement in the central area increased significantly in Baixiang-dan treatment group compared to the model group, and the total distance decreased significantly in fluoxetine treatment group compared to the model group. Com-pared with the normal group, DI decreased significant-ly in model group, and DI increased significantly in Baixiangdan treatment group. During place navigation training, the model group’ s escape latency was obvi-ously delayed on 2nd, 4th day. Compared with the model group, Baixiangdan and fluoxetine treatment group’ s escape latency was obviously reduced. During spatial probe test, compared with the normal group, the escape latency was obviously delayed, and the number of crossing platforms was significantly reduced in the model group. Compared with the model group, the number of crossing platforms significantly increased in Baixiangdan treatment group. Conclusion PMS liver-qi invasion rat model presents learning and memo-ry damage, which could be improved by Baixiangdan capsules, and the treatment effect may be superior to that of fluoxetine.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of sufentanil postconditioning on myocardial ischemiareperfusion (I/R) injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Sixty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients ( NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ ) of both sexes,aged 19-64 yr,scheduled for cardiac valve rreplacement under CPB,were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =15 each):control group ( group C),sufentanil 0.5 μg/kg group (group S1 ),sufentanil 1.0 μg/kg group (group S2 ) and sufentanil 2.0 μg/kg group ( group S3 ).In groups S1,S2 and S3,sufentanil 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 μg/kg were infused over 2 min via aortic root 5 min before aortic unclamping respectively.In group C,the equal volume of normal saline (2 ml/kg) was infused instead of sufentanil.Blood samples were taken from the radial artery immediately before induction of anesthesia ( T2 ) and at 2,4,8,24 and 48 h after aortic unclamping ( T1-5 ) for determination of plasma concentrations of cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).The duration of CPB,time of aortic clamping,extubation time,duration of stay in ICU,and myocardial contractility score and volume of drainage at 24 h after the operation were recorded.The restoration of spontaneous heart beat and adverse cardiovascular events were observed.Results The plasma cTnI,and MDA concentrations and CK-MB activity were significantly lower,while the SOD activity was significantly higher at T1-3 in group S1 than in group C ( P ＜ 0.05).The plasma cTnl concentration and CK-MB activity were significantly lower at T1-5,the plasma MDA concentration was significantly lower at T1-4,and SOD activity was significantly higher at T1-4,the extubation time and duration of stay in ICU were significantly shorter,and the myocardial contractility score at 24 h after the operation and incidence of adverse cardiovascular events were significantly lower in groups S2,3 than in group C ( P ＜ 0.05),The plasma cTnl concentration and CK-MB activity were significantly lower at T4,5,The plasma MDA concentration was significantly lower at T4,the SOD activity was significantly higher at T3,4,and the myocardial contractility score at 24 h after the operation was significantly lower in groups S2,3 than in group S1 ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sufentanil postconditioning can relieve myocardial I/R injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement under CPB,and the mechanism is related to inhibition of lipid peroxidation.