COVID-19: scars of the virus and stories caused by social isolation and mourning

SUMMARY We watch a variety of news on the Coronavirus daily. Some are reliable and others just instill more fear into the population. This article reflects on the possible consequences of this virus, which goes beyond the organic disease and the symptoms and signs mentioned daily in the media. Seeking a reflection on the effects caused indirectly by the virus. Since isolation precedes the disease, total isolation during the disease and isolation after the disease worsens, in some cases resulting in abrupt grief.

RESUMO Observamos diariamente uma variedade de notícias sobre o Coronavirus. Algumas confiáveis e outras apenas para causar mais temor para a população. Este artigo realiza uma reflexão sobre possíveis consequências desse vírus, que vai além da doença orgânica e dos sintomas e sinais referidos diariamente nos meios de comunicação. Buscando uma reflexão sobre efeitos ocasionados indiretamente pelo vírus. Sendo o isolamento antecedente a doença, isolamento total durante a doença e isolamento posterior a agudização da doença, em alguns casos resultando em luto abrupto.

FEMALE BREAST MYOFIBROBLASTOMA: CASE REPORT / Miofibroblastoma de mama feminina: relato de caso

The myofibroblastoma of the breast is rare, being even less frequent in women. It is a benign mesenchymal tumor of uncertain etiology. The present study reports the case of a 47-year-old patient with a palpable nodule on the right breast, non-painful, having appeared approximately one year before, and with slow growth, located in an inferolateral quadrant. The biopsy pathology product describes a firm, yellowish white tissue that microscopically exhibited fusocellular proliferation without atypia, including small ductal structures with epithelial hyperplasia, suggesting immunohistochemistry which revealed expression of desmin and smooth muscle actin. Based on the morphological and anatomopathological picture, the diagnosis of breast myofibroblastoma was confirmed. Sectorectomy surgery was performed as treatment

O miofibroblastoma de mama é raro, sendo menos frequente ainda em mulheres. Trata-se de um tumor mesenquimal benigno de etiologia incerta. A presente descrição relata o caso de uma paciente de 47 anos, apresentando um nódulo palpável na mama direita, não doloroso, com surgimento há aproximadamente um ano e de crescimento lento, localizado em quadrante ínferolateral. O anatomopatológico de biópsia produto de core biopsy descreve tecido branco amarelado, de consistência firme, que microscopicamente apresenta proliferação fusocelular sem atipias, incluindo pequenas estruturas ductais com hiperplasia epitelial, sugerindo imuno-histoquímica, a qual revelou expressão de desmina e actina de músculo liso. Com base no quadro morfológico e anatomopatológico, confirmou-se o diagnóstico de miofibroblastoma de mama. Foi realizada setorectomia como tratamento

Asociación entre sedentarismo y malos hábitos alimentarios en estudiantes de nutrición / Association between sedentarism and bad dietary habits among nutrition students

El sedentarismo se relaciona con disminución a la sensibilidad de insulina y acumulación de tejido adiposo visceral. Lo que sumado a malos hábitos alimentarios, explican en parte el aumento global de sobrepeso y obesidad. En Chile el exceso de peso afecta a 64,4% y el sedentarismo al 88,6% de la población.El objetivo es determinar los niveles de sedentarismo en los estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición y Dietética y evaluar si existe asociación con sus hábitos alimentarios. Se evaluaron 607 estudiantes de la carrera de Nutrición y Dietética aplicándoles una evaluación antropométrica de peso y talla, una encuesta de evaluación alimentaria y una encuesta de actividad física. Resultados: El porcentaje de mujeres sedentarias fue significativamente mayor que en los hombres (74,3% v/s 40,5%). Además,las mujeres que nunca cenabancasi duplicaron el porcentaje observado en los hombres. Finalmente,al comparar 2 grupos de estudiantes, unocompuesto por los que nunca desayunaban, ni cenaban y otro por los que desayunaban y cenaban todos los días,se determinó que existe asociación entre actividad física y la conducta alimentaria (♩2= 10,56; p=0.001) En este estudio se determinó que los individuos jóvenes sedentarios presentaban un mal comportamiento alimentario que quienes realizaban algún tipo de actividad física. Nuestros resultados sugieren que realizar algún tipo de actividad física se asocia a un mejor patrón de alimentación(AU)

A sedentary lifestyle is associated with decreased insulin sensitivity and accumulation of visceral adipose tissue. Which combined with poor eating habits, explain the overall increase in overweight and obesity. In Chile overweight it affects 64.4% and 88.6% sedentary population. The objective was to determine the levels of sedentarism in Nutrition and Dietetics students's and evaluate whether there is an association with eating habits. 607 students from Nutrition and Dietetics were evaluated by applying an anthropometric weight and height assessment, a food assessment survey and a physical activity survey. Results: The percentage of sedentary women was significantly higher than in men (74.3% v / s 40.5%), also women who never eat dinner nearly twice the percentage observed in men. Finally, students who performed some type of physical activity had a significantly higher percentage in the frequency of consumption of breakfast and dinner, with respect to sedentary students. Determining an association between physical activity and eating behaviour (♩2= 10,56; p=0.001). This study determined that young sedentary individuals had a worse eating habits than those who performed some type of physical activity. Our results suggest that perform some type of physical activity is associated with better eating pattern(AU)

Effects of additional agitation process on the spectrophotometric profiles of homeopathic high dilutions

INTRODUCTION: Conventional homeopathy advocates giving 10 strokes (agitation/succussions) to a prescription bottle containing liquid dilution, before taking it. To scientifically support such activity, it must be based on studies on the physicochemical aspects of the memory of water and agitated water chains, supplemented with spectrometry. OBJECTIVE: To analyze spectrometric profiles of homeopathic high dilutions, comparing additionally agitated and non-agitated dilutions, and to define differences according to each dilution´s kingdom. METHODOLOGY: Homeopathic dilutions were prepared using a ratio of 1:100 obtaining dilutions from 1cH to 15cH. Measurements of absorbance of 15cH dilutions were performed at 340 nm and 200 nm, with and without additional agitation. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found between agitated and non-agitated dilutions (p <0.05) for Apis mellifica, Bufo rana, and Calcium iodatum, with a decrease in the mean value of absorbance (340 nm) in agitated solutions. For A nica montana, Matricaria chamomilla, Coffea arabica, Pulsatilla nigricans, Calcium iodatum and Natrum muriaticum, the absorbance values increased; these values decreased for Apis and Bufo. In addition, measurements were performed with a shorter wavelength (200 nm); it was observed that there are significant differences for all homeopathic dilutions studied. Additionally, when comparing the mean values of the absorbance for each kingdom, and observing the agitation factor, a statistically significant difference was found in the animal kingdom (p<0.05), having lower absorbance for agitated dilutions. CONCLUSION: Comparisons of the spectrometric profiles of agitated and non-agitated solutions allow to observe that there is a difference of the absorbance when comparing a previously agitated solution and a solution with no agitation before taking it.

Redução da atividade proteolítica da dentina após curtos períodos de aplicação de proantocianidina / Reduction of the dentin proteolytic activity after short periods of application of proanthocyanidin

Introdução: Agentes promotores de ligações cruzadas têm sido investigados como inibidores da atividade enzimática da dentina, o que favoreceria a longevidade das restaurações adesivas. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do tratamento da dentina com proantocianidina (PA), em curtos períodos de tempo, na inibição da atividade de MMPs in situ. Material e método: Quarenta espécimes de dentina (1×1×6 mm) foram obtidos de molares hígidos e divididos em quatro grupos (n=10). Os espécimes foram condicionados com ácido fosfórico por 15 s, seguido de lavagem em água deionizada. A dentina condicionada foi tratada com: água, 5% PA por 5 s, 15 s ou 30 s. A atividade de MMP foi analisada colorimetricamente (SensoLyte®) e os dados de absorbância (412 nm) foram submetidos aos testes de ANOVA e Tukey (alfa =0,05). Resultado: Todos os períodos de tratamento foram capazes de reduzir a atividade de MMPs, sendo que os melhores resultados foram observados para a dentina tratada com PA por 15 s (63,1% redução) e 30 s (70,2%). O tratamento por 5 s foi capaz de inibir 39,9% das MMPs. Conclusão: A aplicação de PA sobre a dentina condicionada foi capaz de reduzir a atividade de MMPs mesmo em períodos de tempo extremamente curtos, como 5 s. No entanto, melhores resultados foram obtidos com os maiores períodos de tratamento.

Introduction: Collagen cross-linkers have been investigated as inhibitors of the enzymatic activity of dentin, therefore improving the longevity of adhesive restorations. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of etched dentin treatment with proanthocyanidin (PA) in short periods of time on the inhibition of dentin metalloproteinases (MMP) activity in situ. Material and method: Forty dentin specimens (1x1x6mm) were obtained from sound third molars and divided into 4 groups (n=10). The specimens were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15s and rinsed in deionized water. Then they were treated with the following solutions: water, 5% PA for 5s, 15s or 30s. The total MMP activity was analyzed by a colorimetric test (SensoLyte®). Absorbance data (412nm) were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (alfa =0.05). Result: All treatment periods were able to reduce the total activity of MMPs. The best results were observed for dentine treated with PA for 15s (63.1% reduction) and 30s (70.2%). Treatment for 5s was capable of inhibiting only 39.9% of the total MMP activity. Conclusion: Application of PA on the etched dentin in extremely short periods of time reduced the MMPs activity of dentin, even after 5s. However, the best results were obtained for the longer periods.

Características clínicas y demográficas de pacientes oncológicos del Hospital Base Valdivia con complicaciones infecciosas. Enero-Julio 2013 / Clinical and demographic description of Oncological Patients with ongoing infectious complications in Hospital Base Valdivia. January - July 2013

El cáncer constituye la segunda causa de muerte en Chile y las infecciones constituyen uno de los principales gatillantes del deceso. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es describir las características clínicas y demográficas de los pacientes oncológicos del Hospital Base Valdivia (HBV) que presentaron complicaciones infecciosas entre el periodo enero-julio de 2013. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de serie de casos que incluyó a todos los pacientes oncológicos hospitalizados que presentaron complicaciones infecciosas entre enero-julio de 2013, excluyendo a quienes rechazaran el consentimiento informado o tuvieran fichas clínicas incompletas. Se aplicaron instrumentos para determinar estado nutricional y nivel socioeconómico. Análisis computacional con estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Se pesquisaron 38 pacientes con un total de 52 infecciones. Dieciséis eran hombres y 22 mujeres, edad promedio 59 años. La mayoría pertenecía a estratos socioeconómicos bajos y poseía estudios básicos. Las neoplasias subyacentes más frecuentes fueron el cáncer de mama y cervicouterino. Dieciséis pacientes se encontraban en etapa IV y cerca de 2/3 estaban desnutridos. De las 52 infecciones 31 fueron localizadas, mientras 21 tuvieron respuesta sistémica, 2 pacientes fallecieron debido a la infección. Los sitios más frecuentes de afección fueron: árbol bronquial, tracto genitourinario y cavidad oral. Clínicamente se determinó que 44 de los cuadros fueron bacterianos, 3 fúngicos, 3 virales y 2 combinados. Discusión: Llama la atención el predominio de pacientes provenientes de niveles socioeconómicos y educacionales bajos. Si bien las infecciones pueden corresponder a cuadros potencialmente fatales en pacientes oncológicos, la mayoría de nuestros casos correspondieron a cuadros leves.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Chile and infections are one of the main-triggering of death. The main objective of this research is to describe clinical and demographic characteristics of oncological patients of Hospital Base Valdivia with ongoing infectious complications between January-July 2013. Material and methods: series of cases, we reviewed the medical records of all oncological patients who had infectious complications between January-July 2013, excluding those who rejected the invitation or had incomplete medical records. Also, tools for determining nutritional status and socioeconomic status were applied. Data went through computational analysis with determination of descriptive statistics. Result: 38 patients were included with total of 52 infections. Sixteen were men and 22 women, average age was 59 years. Most belonged to lower socioeconomic strata and only had basic education. The most common underlying neoplasms were breast and cervical cancer. Sixteen patients were in stage IV and about two-thirds were malnourished. 31 of the 52 infections were localized, while in 21 there was systemic response, 5 progressed to sepsis and 2 to septic shock, 2 patients died because of their infections. The most common sites of infection were: bronchia, genitourinary tract and oral cavity. Clinically it was determined that 44 were bacterial infections, 3 fungal, 2 viral and 2 combined. Discussion: it draws our attention the predominance of patients from low socioeconomic and educational levels. While infections may correspond to potentially fatal complications in cancer patients, the majority of our cases were mild.

Percepción estética de la sonrisa según la ubicación de la línea media dental / Aesthetic perception of smile according the location of the dental midline

Determinar la percepción estética de la sonrisa según la línea media dental superior (LMDS) para las personas que acuden a una facultad de Odontología. Materiales y métodos. El estudio fue de tipo observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo, y transversal. Se aplicaron encuestas a pacientes que acudieron a la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de San Martín de Porres (FO û USMP) entre el 3 de octubre y el 14 de noviembre de 2011. Se registraron la foto de una mujer y de un hombre, ambos de 26 años que presentaban la línea media dental superior (LMDS) centrada con la línea media facial, con una cámara Sony Cybershot de 8,1 megapixeles y 10x de zoom óptico, ambas fotos fueron captadas en el área de Ortodoncia de la USMP y modificadas en una computadora usando el programa Microsoft office picture manager para dar una desviación de la LMDS de 1, 2 y 3 mm, obteniendo 10 fotografías. Resultados. El promedio de edad de los encuestados fue de 22,0 +/- 5,4 años, de los cuales el 35,3% fueron hombres. Las fotos mejor percibidas fueron la foto A de la mujer y la foto B del hombre, las que no muestraron desviaciones de la LMDS. Las peor percibidas fueron la foto C de la mujer y la foto A del hombre, que presentaban una desviación de 3 mm. Conclusión. Cabe la posibilidad que estos parámetros no llegaran a estar dentro los objetivos ideales planteados por el ortodoncista al inicio del tratamiento, pero sí son bien aceptados estéticamente por el público en general...

Determine the parameter deviation of the upper dental midline is considered aesthetically acceptable by patients, and that these values are considered by orthodontists as a guide for the completion of their clinical cases. Material and methods. This descriptive study, prospective, cross-sectional and observational, and whose design is descriptive and transversal. Surveys were administered to patients attending the School of Dentistry at the University of San Martin de Porres between October 3 and November 14, 2011. photo of a woman and a man were recorded, both 26 years presented the LMDS centered with the facial midline, with a Sony Cybershot 8.1 megapixel and 10x optical zoom, both photos were taken in the area of Orthodontics USMP and modified in a hp centrino intel computer using the Microsoft program office picture manager to give an LMDS deviation of 1, 2.3 and 4 mm, obtaining 10 pictures. The CGD and LAS researchers conducted surveys to patients in the dental chair the area ofOrthodontics. Results. The average age of respondents was 22.0 +/- 5.4 years. (Table I) and 35.3% were male and 65.7% female. The best photos were perceived photo A woman and man photo B, which show no deviations from the LMDS. The worst were perceived picture C of women and photo A man, who had a deviation of 3 mm. Conclusion. It is possible that these parameters were to not be inside the ideal goals set by the orthodontist at baseline, but are aesthetically well accepted by the public...

Prevalencia de gingivitis asociada a la higiene oral, ingreso familiar y tiempo transcurrido desde la última consulta dental, en un grupo de adolescentes de Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México / Gingivitis prevalence associated to oral hygiene, familiar income, and time passed since the last dental appointment in a group of Mexican adolescents

Introducción. La gingivitis es considerada la entidad más común de las enfermedades periodontales. El presente estudio tuvo como propósito evaluar la prevalencia de gingivitis en un grupo de adolescentes y su posible asociación con la calidad de higiene oral, el ingreso familiar y el tiempo transcurrido desde la última consulta dental. Métodos. Se estudió una población de 677 adolescentes. Para la encuesta se calibraron dos examinadores para el levantamiento del índice de higiene oral simplificado (IHO-S) y del índice gingival (IG) de Löe y Silness. Resultados. En 83% de los estudiantes se observó algún tipo de inflamación gingival, siendo la gingivitis leve la de mayor prevalencia. La gravedad de la gingivitis estuvo asociada al ingreso familiar y a la calidad de la higiene oral, no así con la edad, el sexo y tiempo transcurrido desde la última consulta dental. Conclusiones. La alta frecuencia de gingivitis, así como la deficiente calidad en la higiene oral, indican una gran necesidad de educación en salud en los adolescentes.

Introduction. Gingivitis is considered the more common pathology among periodontal diseases. The purpose of the present survey was to evaluate the possible influence of familiar income, oral hygiene and time passed since the last dental appointment on gingivitis prevalence in adolescents. Methods. A population of 677 adolescents was surveyed. For the epidemiological data collection, the criteria of the Green & Vermillion Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and the Löe & Sillness' Gingival Index (GI) were considered with a previous inter-and intra-searchers calibration (S1 =0.95, S2=0.96, and S1-2 =0.90). Results. Gingivitis was found in 83% of adolescents; mild gingivitis was the most frequently observed. Severity of gingivitis was associated to socioeconomic level and oral hygiene quality; whereas not association was found with age, sex and frequency of dental appointments. Conclusions. The high frequency of gingivitis and poor quality of oral hygiene indicate a great need for education in oral health in adolescents.

Efecto de la medicación contra la parasitosis intestinal sobre el bruxismo en niños / Effect of the medication against intestinal parasitosis over bruxism in children

El propósito de este estudio fue relacionar a la parasitosis intestinal como un agente específico en el desarrollo del bruxismo. El estudio fue de tipo descriptivo y de corte transversal. El grupo de estudio estuvo conformado por 21 pre-escolares entre 4 y 6 años de edad matriculados durante el año 2001 en el Centro Educativo Inicial N° 301 del distrito de Buenos Aires, provincia de Morropón, departamento de Piura. Las variables que se evaluaron fueron el bruxismo y el efecto de la medicación antiparasitaria; y las covariables fueron género y edad. Los datos se analizaron mediante un análisis univariado. La distribución del grupo de estudio por género fue de 57%para el género masculino y 43% para el género femenino. Se encontró que de los 21 sujetos evaluados la medicación antiparasitaria tuvo efecto sobre la eliminación del bruxismo en siete sujetos correspondiendo en mayoría al género masculino. Y al evaluar el desgaste dental se encontró que éste comprendíaen su mayoría solo esmalte.

The purpose of the study was to relate the intestinal parasitosis as an specific agent in the development of bruxism.The study was descriptive and transversal. The study group included 21 children between 4 and 6 years of age matriculated during 2001 in the Preschool N° 301 of the district of Buenos Aires - Morropón, department of Piura. The variables evaluated were bruxism and the effect of the medication against parasitosis; and the covariables were gender and age. The distribution of the group by gender was 57% males and 43% females.We found that of the 21 children evaluated the medication against intestinal parasitosis had effect in 7 children eliminating the bruxism, who were most males. And the tooth wear evaluated were most in enamel.