ABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to evaluate the hemodynamic changes and the parenchymal perfusion associated with carotid cavernous fistulas before and after embolization using two-dimensional (2D) parenchymal blood flow analysis. A 15-year-old boy presented with 2-month history of progressive right eye proptosis, chemosis, and diplopia after a motor vehicle accident. Intracranial liquid embolization using Onyx-18 through the inferior petrosal approach was done with balloon protection at the opening of the fistula in the internal carotid artery, resulting in complete occlusion of the fistula. Parenchymal blood flow analysis was done before and immediately after embolization. 2D parametric parenchymal blood flow analysis is newly introduced software that can provide data cannot be conveyed by conventional digital subtraction angiography alone. The software allows for objective assessment of the arterial steal and the parenchymal perfusion both pre, and post-embolization. Pre-embolization assessment may influence the therapeutic decision, while post-embolization assessment can evaluate the treatment efficacy.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Angiography, Digital Subtraction , Carotid Artery, Internal , Diplopia , Embolization, Therapeutic , Exophthalmos , Fistula , Hemodynamics , Motor Vehicles , Perfusion , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
O presente artigo visa delimitar os novos repertórios de confronto experimentados nos ciclos de protestos de Junho de 2013 no Brasil. Para isso, traçamos um resgate dos repertórios tradicionais utilizados nos três movimentos de massa ocorridos anteriormente: a Passeata dos Cem Mil, Diretas Já, e Fora Collor. A apropriação das novas tecnologias informacionais pelos mais diversos atores sociais tem produzido grande quantidade de material fotográfico e audiovisual, o que nos estimulou a utilizar da webnografia como aparato metodológico, e experimentar criticamente como instrumentos de pré-seleção de imagens e vídeos os mais básicos aplicativos encontrados na internet, sites de busca e as redes sociais. Para facilitar a compreensão e enriquecer nossas análises dividimos estes repertórios em três categorias: os repertórios de ruptura, violência e convenção. Delineamos as inovações e adaptações dos novos repertórios, para compreender dentro das abordagens da psicologia social, as formas que o ativismo político nacional está traçando atualmente.
The present article aims to outline the new set of resistance strategies implemented in the protests of June, 2013, in Brazil. To this end, we trace the development of these strategies from the traditional repertoire used in three popular movements: The March of Thousands, Rights now!, and Oust Collor. Our methodological approach was inspired by the large quantity of photograpic and audiovisual material available on the internet, which was produced by the broadest range and most diverse variety of social actors using new information technologies. Thus, with this wealth of material, we chose webnography as a methodological support, and to utilize basic internet applications - search sites and social networks - as instruments for the pre-selection of images and videos. For the sake of clarity and to enrich our analysis, we divided the strategies into three categories: rupturing, violent and conventional. We outline the innovations and adaptations within the new set of strategies to better understand, from the perspective of social psychology, the ways in which national political activism is curently carried out.
En este artículo se busca hacer una delimitación de los nuevos repertorios de confrontación experimentados en los ciclos de protestas del junio de 2013 en Brasil. Para ello, hicimos una recuperación de los repertorios tradicionales utilizados en los tres movimientos de masas anteriores: la Marcha de los Cien Miles, las Directas Ya, y el Fuera Collor. La apropiación de las nuevas tecnologías de la información por los más diversos actores sociales ha producido gran cantidad de material fotográfico y audiovisual, lo que nos motivó a usar la webnografia como recurso metodológico, y experimentar de forma crítica como instrumentos de pre-selección de imágenes y vídeos los más básicos aplicativos encontrados en la internet, los sitios de búsqueda y las redes sociales. Para facilitar la comprensión y enriquecer nuestro análisis dividimos estos repertorios en tres categorías: los repertorios de ruptura, la violencia y la convención. Esbozamos las innovaciones y adaptaciones de los nuevos repertorios, para comprender dentro de los enfoques de la psicología social, las formas que el activismo político nacional está elaborando actualmente.