ABSTRACT
To better understand the formation mechanism of Gastrodia elata traits, the agronomic traits of aboveground tissues and tubers were measured and analyzed in this study. It has shown that the color and thickness of the stems of the 39 samples of the G. elata collected are affected by the germplasm and variation. Clustering analysis of 39 agronomic traits of G. elata was conducted with Ward's method and Euclidean distance. The threshold of 11.0 was divided into three groups, namely hybrid G. elata, G. elata f. elata and G. elata f. glauca. Simultaneously, the correlation analysis, coefficient of variation analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis of 13 agronomic traits of 105 G. elata tuber samples were carried out. The results showed that the weight of G. elata was significantly positively correlated with tuber length and width. The agronomic traits of tuber were highly variable, and the depth of variability of the scar was the largest and 13 agronomic traits could be divided into 6 types of factors and the contribution up to 89.348%, furthermore, tuber length factor, width and weight factor contributed more than 20%, indicating that it is of great significance for distinguishing G. elata germplasm. Cluster analysis was performed by Ward's method and Euclidean distance, with 8.0 as the threshold can be divided into three categories in the light of the origin of the source, 33 samples from Shanxi and Hubei are clustered into one category, and 19 samples from Yunnan and Guizhou are clustered into one group, and the remaining samples are grouped into one category. This study will provide a basis for the identification and purification of G. elata germplasm and germplasm resources.
Subject(s)
China , Gastrodia , Phenotype , Plant TubersABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the effects of endothelial cell-targeted soluble Notch ligand hD1R protein on the proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Methods: The expression levels of Notch1, Notch2, Notch3, Notch4, Hes1 in bone marrow CD34(+) cells from 24 cases of untreated AML (AML group) and 9 healthy controls (control group) were determined by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . Recombinant hD1R protein was first induced and purified. Bone marrow CD34(+) cells were co-cultured on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) supplemented with a cocktail containing 5 types of human cytokines (5GF) and soluble hD1R. The cultured cells were tested under different culture conditions including PBS group (PBS replaces HUVEC) , hD1R group, 5GF group, GSI group (hD1R plus GSI) . Proliferation and apoptosis of cultured cells were also analyzed. Real time quantitative PCR was used to test the expression levels of Hes1 and Bcl-2 in cultured cells. Results: The expression levels of Notch1 and Hes1 in primary AML patients were significantly lower, and Notch4 expression was higher compared to the control group (P<0.05) . Cell counting showed a remarkable decrease of AML cells number in the culture with hD1R compared with that in the PBS group[ (0.74±0.13) ×10(5) vs (2.16±0.21) ×10(5), P<0.01]. FACS analysis showed that the percentage of AML cells was (18.48±2.51) % in apoptosis, which was higher than that of control cells (3.19±0.58) % after co-culture with hD1R. AML cells in the hD1R group underwent significantly increased apoptosis compared with those in the PBS one (P<0.05) . Moreover, apoptosis of AML cells in the GSI group was lower than that in the hD1R one (P<0.05) . Apoptosis in the PBS group also decreased compared with that in the 5GF one (P<0.05) . Finally, hD1R up-regulated Hes1 expression and inhibited Bcl-2 one in the AML cells. Conclusion: hD1R effectively activated Notch signaling and down-regulated Bcl-2 mRNA in AML cells, which lead to cell apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Receptors, Notch , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Abstract Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a major abiotic factor affecting grain weight and quality, and is caused by an early break in seed dormancy. Association mapping (AM) is used to detect correlations between phenotypes and genotypes based on linkage disequilibrium (LD) in wheat breeding programs. We evaluated seed dormancy in 80 Chinese wheat founder parents in five environments and performed a genome-wide association study using 6,057 markers, including 93 simple sequence repeat (SSR), 1,472 diversity array technology (DArT), and 4,492 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The general linear model (GLM) and the mixed linear model (MLM) were used in this study, and two significant markers (tPt-7980 and wPt-6457) were identified. Both markers were located on Chromosome 1B, with wPt-6457 having been identified in a previously reported chromosomal position. The significantly associated loci contain essential information for cloning genes related to resistance to PHS and can be used in wheat breeding programs.
ABSTRACT
Objective @#To study and compare the recurrence rate of wisdom tooth pericoronitis and impacted tooth types of Yunnan college ethnic student. @*Methods @# 549 cases of pericoronitis of wisdom tooth from Yunnan college ethnic students were randomly selected by recording clinical symptom, recurrence situations and impacted tooth types by professional dentists, then clinical data was statistical analyzed.@*Results@# Most of pericoronitis (58.65%) was caused by vertical impaction of mandibular wisdom tooth. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) between Han ethnic groups and Minority ethnic groups of impacted tooth types. But there was significant difference (P<0.01) between Han ethnic groups and Minority ethnic groups of pericoronitis of wisdom tooth and recurrence rate.@*Conclusions @#There was higher rate of incidence and recurrence rate of pericoronitis of minority students.