Antihypoxic and anti-ischemic properties of the North Caucasus flora plant extracts / Propiedades antihipóxicas y antiisquémicas de los extractos de plantas de la flora del norte del Cáucaso

Nowdays it is established that ischemic brain damage like ischemic stroke is one of the leading cause of death and disability in the population that assumes relevance development of anti-ischemic drugs. The work studied the anti-hypoxic and anti-ischemic effect of 7 plant extracts. Antihypoxic activity was assessed on models of hypobaric, hypercapnic, histotoxic, hematotoxic hypoxia. Anti-ischemic activity of test-extracts was studied on the focal cerebral ischemia model. Administration of Tagetes patula, Gaillardia pulchella, Sorbaria sorbifolia, Grossularia reclinata, Ribes nigrum, Rubus caesius and Lysimachia punctata extracts contributed to the necrosis zone reduction by 56.6% (p<0.05); 37.3% (p<0.05); 73.2% (p<0.05); 49.4% (p<0.05); 42.5% (p<0.05); 85.5% (p<0.05); 44.2% (p<0.05) and also restored aerobic metabolism in brain tissue. Test - objects increased of the animal lifespan under hypoxia conditions. Based on the data obtained, it is assumed that further studies of North Caucasus flora plant extracts as cerebro-protective agents are promising.

Hoy en día, se ha establecido que el daño cerebral isquémico, como el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, es una de las principales causas de muerte y discapacidad en la población lo cual hace relevante el desarrollo fármacos antiisquémicos. En este trabajo se estudió el efecto antihipóxico y antiisquémico de siete extractos de plantas. La actividad antihipóxica se evaluó en modelos de hipoxia hipocrática, hipercápnica, histotóxica y hematotóxica. La actividad antiisquémica de los extractos de prueba se estudió en el modelo de isquemia cerebral focal. La administración de los extractos de Tagetes patula; Gaillardia pulchella; Sorbaria sorbifolia; Grossularia reclinata; Ribes nigrum; Rubus caesius y Lysimachia punctata contribuyeron a la reducción de la zona de necrosis en un 56,6% (p<0,05); 37,3% (p<0,05); 73,2% (p<0,05); 49,4% (p<0,05); 42,5% (p<0,05); 85,5% (p<0,05); 44.2% (p<0.05), respectivamente, además, de restaurar el metabolismo aeróbico en el tejido cerebral. Comparado con el control, se observó un aumento en el tiempo de sobrevida del animal en condiciones de hipoxia. Sobre la base de los interesantes datos obtenidos, se sugiere estudios adicionales de extractos de plantas de la flora del Cáucaso Norte como agentes protectores del cerebro.

A new species of Leurocephala Davis & Mc Kay (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) from the Azapa Valley, northern Chilean Atacama Desert, with notes on life-history

ABSTRACT The Neotropical micromoth genus Leurocephala Davis & Mc Kay, 2011 (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) was originally described to include only the type species, L. schinusae Davis & Mc Kay, 2011, whose leaf miner larvae are associated with Anacardiaceae in Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. An integrative analysis including morphology, life history and DNA barcode sequences revealed that specimens collected on Schinus molle L. (Anacardiaceae) in the coastal valleys of the Atacama Desert of northern Chile belong to a second species of this formerly monotypic genus. Adults of Leurocephala chilensis Vargas & Moreira sp. nov. are herein described and illustrated in association with the immature stages and life history, and corresponding phylogenetic relationships are assessed based on DNA barcode sequences. This finding provides the first record of Leurocephala from west of the Andes Range, expanding remarkably its geographic range. It is suggested that the extent of diversity within Leurocephala is much greater and that variation in geographic factors and host plant use may have modeled it, an evolutionary hypothesis that should be assessed in further studies.

ТОЛГОЙ ХҮЗҮҮНИЙ БАЙРЛАЛТАЙ ХОРТОЙ ХАВДРЫН МЭС ЗАСАЛ ЭМЧИЛГЭЭНИЙ ДАРААХ БИЧИЛ СУДАС ЗАЛГАН ЧӨЛӨӨТ ДАЛБАН ШИЛЖҮҮЛЭН СУУЛГАСАН ЭРТ ҮЕИЙН ТУРШЛАГА / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

@#BACKGROUND. Head and neck cancers are related group of cancers that involve the oral cavity, pharynx (oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx), and larynx. Early-stage tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract can be cured; for late-stage disease, prognosis is poor. Nowadays microvascular free tissue transfer surgery performed at high level. Worldwide, this particular kind of operation in head and neck surgical field has become “golden standard” of treatment. Seemingly, plastic and reconstructive surgeons of developed countries widely perform forearm free flap, anteriolateral thigh free flap, fibula free flap, rectus abdominal free flap, latissimusdorsi free flap. We purpose to report our first 121 cases of Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer which had been performed at the head and neck surgical department, NCC of Mongolia. METHODS. The clinical records of first 121 cases patients who had microvascular reconstruction done between 2011 and 2017 were reviewed. The indications for surgery, choice of flap, duration of surgery and flap survival were noted. RESULTS. Our study were performed on 121 cases, among them 84.3% flaps were survived, most of defects occurred following cancer resection. Anterolateral thigh and radial forearm flaps were performed commonly for our reconstruction surgery. CONCLUSION. 84.3% free flap recorded success rate indicates our early experiences. Although the National Medical University do not have postgraduate reconstructive and plastic surgical training, we believe that meticulous planning, careful vessel selection, close flap monitoring as well as improved infrastructural support can lead us to much better success rates of microvascular reconstruction in our country.

EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY PATIENTS IN MONGOLIA / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiology of oral and maxillofacial surgery patients in Mongolia and advocate guidelines and programs to promote optimal oral health care. A fact-finding epidemiologic study on the patients who visited at Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, at National Hospitals at Ulaanbaatar city and Province and other Central hospitals of Mongolian, from Jan to Dec, 2013.Total 12957 patients treated at inpatients care center at the above mentioned national hospitals. From Ulaanbaatar city were 4284 (36%) and from province were 7673 (64%). Patients from province were treated at FCH 69%, NTORC 6.4%, NCC 11.3%, NCMCH 27% and CMAFH 1.8%. Zero to 16 years, 17 to 36 years, 37 to 56 years and 57 or more years old patients were3072 (27.1%), 4224 (34.2%), 3218 (26.9%) and 1412 (11.8%), respectively. Males and females were 6841 (53%), 6090 (47%). Cases of the inpatients were as follows: infectious disease 5971 (49.88), benign tumor 1039 (8.01%), trauma & injury 1799 (15%), salivary gland disease 2.41%, TMJ disease 2.8%, neuralgia and muscle pain 0.8% and others. 5 provinces have no Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and patients were referred to other central hospitals or to the Ulaanbaatar city. This study gives a topic of conversation about undergraduate dental education, continuing education and enough specialists in the region.

Análise da superfície de fratura de implante osseointegrado e mecanismos envolvidos na cicatrização / Dental implant fracture surface analysis and wound healing during the osseointegration

Este artigo aborda os conceitos envolvidos na osseointegração de implantes dentários, avalia a influência da morfologia da superfície dos implantes de titânio na formação óssea cortical e trabecular, analisa a superfície de um implante osseointegrado fraturado quatro anos após a instalação e determina as possíveis causas da fratura. Com base no relato clínico e na análise no microscópio eletrônico de varredura (MEV), os possíveis fatores de risco que desencadearam a fratura do implante foram as concentrações de tensões na região do pescoço do implante e o desajuste oclusal, os quais geraram sobrecarga mastigatória excessiva. A presença de extensa rede de fibrinas e de canais de Harvers na superfície do implante comprova a existência de adequada microirrigação sanguínea e tendência à corticalização da interface OI. A superfície do implante jateada e com ataque ácido foi adequada ao processo de osseointegração e; a presença de pontes fibrosas mineralizadas (PFM) sugere que a mineralização não-celular ocorreu via difusão de fosfato de cálcio da matriz extracelular (MEC), alcançando elevada resistência mecânica com o tempo.

Morfologia externa dos estágios imaturos de heliconíneos neotropicais: VII. Dryadula phaetusa (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) / External morphology of the immature stages of Neotropical heliconians: VII. Dryadula phaetusa (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae)

As estruturas externas do ovo, larva e pupa de Dryadula phaetusa (Linnaeus, 1758) são descritas e ilustradas, baseadas em microscopia óptica e eletrônica de varredura.

The external features of egg, larva and pupa of Dryadula phaetusa (Linnaeus, 1758) are described and illustrated, based upon light and scanning electron microscopy.

Nevo sebaceo de Jadasshon: un estudio casuístico retrospectivo de 3 años / Nevus sebaceous of Jadasshon: retrospective case review of three years

Se prersentan dieciocho casos de nevo sebácer de Jadasshon a lo largo de 3 años, desde el punto de vista clínico e histolígico. Se hallaron dos pacientes con patología tumoral maligna: carcinoma basocelular; se reaalizó extirpación quirúrgica

Cambios seculares de las medidas antropométricas en la población paraguaya en nacidos durante el periodo de 1960 a 1984 / Secular trends of the anthropometric measurements of the paraguayan population born between 1960 to 1984

Objetivo: Evaluar las variaciones de peso, talla e índice de masa corporal. Se compararon estos parámetros en una muestra de 1940 varones jóvenes (18+-0,8 años) paraguayos nacidos en un periodo de 15 años entre 1960 a 1984 al ingreso al servicio militar. Los sujetos fueron seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio estratificando por año de nacimiento en cantidad suficiente para detectar un coeficiente de regresión mínimo de 0,20. Se observó un sostenido aumento, altamente significativo, con coeficiente de regresión de 0,36, 0,24 y 0,27 para el peso, la talla y el índice de masa corporal, respectivamente, en el periodo de estudio. Estos incrementos también se evidenciaron mediante el análisis estratificado por quin quenios, resultando más importantes en los periodos 1975-1979 y 1980-1984. Adicionalmente, se observó que los menores valores de los parámetros estudiados se observan en los sujetos de menor nivel educativo y provenientes del entorno rural. Esta primera comprobación de las variaciones antropométricas seculares de la población joven de Paraguay debe seguirse por un cuidadoso estudio de sus probables causas y de sus potenciales consecuencias para la salud.

Marcadores tumorais em cirurgia oncológica / Tumor markers in cancer surgery

Os marcadores tumorais são cada vez mais utilizados para o diagnóstico e estadiamento de pacientes portadores de câncer, bem como para o acompanhamento do tratamento antineoplásico e no follow-up destes pacientes. Os autores realizam uma revisão dos marcadores tumorais mais utilizados em nosso meio, analisando-os de forma objetiva, de modo a permitir seu uso na prática médica diária

Raio X simples em abdômen agudo / Simple X-ray in acute abdomen

Este trabalho apresenta uma revisäo bibliográfica que aborda os principais achados radiológicos nas diferentes patologias intra-abdominais agudas, além dos diagnósticos diferenciais oferecidos pelo raio X simples em abdômen agudo. Apresenta-se uma sistemática para a avaliaçäo do exame, com base na anatomia normal e sua variantes patológicas