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Objective:To ulteriorly explore the differences of psychotic symptoms and neurocognitive between patients with first-episode deficit subtype of schizophrenia (FDS) and patients with first-episode nondeficit subtype of schizophrenia (FNDS).Methods:From January 2021 to September 2021, a total of 88 first-episode treatment-naive schizophrenia were recruited from the Mental Health Center of West China Hospital and divided into FDS group( n=44) and FNDS group( n=44) according to the schedule for the deficit syndrome (SDS), and 44 healthy subjects were included as healthy control group (HC group, n=44). Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) was used to assess psychotic symptoms of patients and Wechsler adult intelligence scale, trail making test and logic memory test were used to evaluate intelligence quotient and neurocognitive function of all subjects.SPSS 22.0 was used for statistical analysis, and independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare variables that met normal distribution, while the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare variables that did not meet normal distribution. Results:(1) There were significant differences in psychotic symptoms between the FDS group and the FNDS group.Compared with the FNDS group, the FDS group had higher total score of PANSS ((95.95±16.82) vs (88.39±16.29)), negative symptoms ((27.57±7.52) vs (16.57±5.76)) and anergastic reaction ((13.43±3.82) vs (7.00(5.00, 9.00)), and lower positive symptoms scores ((21.95±6.88) vs (25.41±6.07)), activation ((8.00(5.00, 9.00) vs (9.27±3.47)), depression ((5.50(4.00, 9.00) vs (8.00(6.00, 12.00)) and supplementary item ((13.60±4.17) vs (17.30±5.39))(all P<0.05). (2) There were differences in neurocognitive functions between FDS group and FNDS group, and which in FDS and FNDS group were worse than that in HC group.Spatial memory (block design test: (23.70±11.05) vs (31.72±11.49)) and information processing speed (digit symbol test: (38.38±15.85) vs (47.97±14.99)) of FDS group were significantly lower than those of FNDS group(both P<0.05). Intelligence quotient, information processing speed and spatial memory of FDS group and FNDS group were lower than those of HC group(all P<0.05). Conclusion:FDS patients has more severe negative symptoms and anergastic reaction, and exit worse information processing speed and spatial memory dysfunction than FNDS patients.This unique pattern of impairment suggests that information processing speed and spatial memory may be important classification indicators for differentiating the deficit subtype of schizophrenia in the early stage.
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Objective To assess the value of muhichannel epidural somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in cortical mapping of primary sensorimotor areas for electrode implantation of motor cortex electrical stimulation.Methods Intraoperative multichannel epidural SEP was recorded in 13 patients with intractable neuropathic pain.SEP mapping was used for determining the location of sensorimotor areas.Results The typical phase reversals of N20 and P20 were recorded and the location of the central sulcus and the primary sensorimotor area were accurately determined in 11 patients.The location of the primary sensorimotor failed to be determined in the other 2 patients because of the atypical SEP.Conclusion The intraoperative muhichannel epidural SEP is reliable in the cortical mapping.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Most of the researches about lung cancer have focused on the polymorphisms of single gene rather than the cooperation of the genes. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation of gene polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) Rsa I and cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) independently and in combination with the risk of lung cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study which included 91 lung cancer cases and 91 hospital-based controls was carried out, and all of them were the Han nationality in Guangzhou district. Blood samples were collected for detecting CYP2E1 Rsa I and CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference was observed in genotype frequencies of CYP2E1 Rsa I and CYP1A1 Msp I between case and control groups. Odd ratio was 5.48 and 1.51 respectively without significant difference (P > 0.05). Individuals with CYP2E1 Rsa I C1C1 and CYP1A1 m2m2 genotype had 3.00-fold risk of developing lung cancer compared with those who had CYP2E1 Rsa I C1C2 and CYP1A1 m1m1 genotype (P < 0.05, 95% CI 1.03-8.78).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Single polymorphism of CYP2E1 and CYP1A1 doesn't increase the risk of developing lung cancer, but the combination of two genetic polymorphisms significantly increases the risk of developing lung cancer.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>We designed a multi-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel, with metformin controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low dose rosiglitazone combined with sulphonylurea therapy in type 2 diabetic patients who were inadequately controlled with sulphonylurea alone.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients were treated with 4 mg rosiglitazone once daily plus sulphonylurea (test group) or 0.5 g metformin twice daily plus sulphonylurea (control group) for 12 weeks. The mean levels of HbA(1c), fasting and postprandial plasma glucose were recorded and compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean levels of HbA(1c) decreased by 1.09% and 0.95% in the test group (n = 102) and control group (n = 96) respectively. Fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels in the test group decreased by 25.0% and 35.6%, and in the control group, decreased by 17.7% and 23.8% as compared with the baseline (both P < 0.01). No liver damage was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combination treatment of rosiglitazone and sulphonylurea can effectively improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients inadequately controlled with sulphonylurea alone.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Drug Therapy , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hypoglycemic Agents , Metformin , Sulfonylurea Compounds , Thiazoles , ThiazolidinedionesABSTRACT
Objective:To examine influences of attention on the conflict monitoring system. Methods:Thirty normal adults participated in the matching-to-sample task. They were divided into two subgroups. One subgroup was required to attend to the color while ignoring the value attribute of a number pair. The other subgroup was required to attend to the value while ignoring the color attribute of a number pair. Subjects were asked to press one of the two buttons according to whether the two digits were identical in the attended attribute and event-related potentials were recorded on their scalps. Results: A N270 component of event-related potential was recorded to the conflicting stimulus pairs but not to the matching pairs. The amplitude of N270 increased and its duration prolonged under attended condition. However, its onset latency showed no significant changes. Conclusion: The conflict monitoring process is automatically initiated and then regulated and enhanced by the attention control system.
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Objective To find a sensitive index which can reveal the mild cognitive impairment in non-demented patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD).Methods Thirty PD patients without clinical dementia and 34 age-matched normal controls performed a matching-to-sample task while event-related potential (ERP) was recorded from their scalp. There were two kinds of stimulus pairs in this study: condition 1, the second stimulus (S2) in a pair was identical to the first one (S1) (match condition); condition 2, S2 conflicted with S1 in their color attribute (conflict condition). Subjects were required to press a button in the match condition and another button in the conflict condition.Results In the match condition, P100, N150, P180, N200, and P300 were elicited by S2. In the conflict condition, potentials following N200 went continuously to negativity and formed another component,N270,before P300. The N270 component was evoked by S2 of conflict condition in both controls and patients. The patient group showed a delayed and smaller N270 than the control group[peak latency: P3,patients:(317?37) ms,controls:(298?31) ms;P4, patients: (313?35) ms,controls: (293?34) ms;amplitude: P3,patients: (-3.06?2.51) ?V,controls: (-4.55?2.86) ?V]. The peak amplitude of P300 was decreased in the patient group [P4,patients: (6.94?3.95) ?V,controls: (9.58?3.80) ?V], but the peak latency of P300 did not differ significantly between the two subject groups. There was no difference between the two groups in peak latency and amplitude of N150.Conclusion PD patients have cognitive impairment even in the absence of a clinical dementia. N270 is subtler than P300 in revealing the mild cognitive impairment.
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Sixty cases of type 2 diabetes with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), 46 cases of type 2 diabetes without DPN and 50 healthy persons were recruited. Plasma homocysteine (Hcy), serum folic acid, vitamin B 12 levels and the mutations of Hcy metabolism related enzyme-methyhenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) were assayed in individuals in this study. The results showed that high Hcy, low folic acid and vitamin B 12 levels are related with DPN in the patients with type 2 diabetes. The mutation of MTHFR C677T is associated with diabetes, but not with DPN.
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The cytogenotoxic effect of Na_2SeO_3 on lymphocytes in human whole blood culture was studied. This was done by means of analysis of sisterchromatid exchange (SCE) and determination of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) with the use of scintillometric procedure and autoradiographic observation. The experiments showed that Na_2SeO_3induced a significant increase of SCE value and higher levels of UDS. These results indicate that Na_2SeO_3 has DNA-damaging potential and cytogenotocity, its threshold concentration was 6.48?10~(-7)mol/L.
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By tracing of ~(75)Se-Na_2SeO_3 incubating and irrigating of the isolated myocardial slices of rats, the numeric relationship between the free selenics in the serum and the serum sdenics, the sodium sdenite doses injected were observed; the absorption of the frce selenics and the serum selenics was compared; the setenics metabolic rate and quantities of the myocardial tissue in different duration after injecting of selcnite, the effect of selenics concentration to the participating were calculated, It is suggested that there is a very close relationship between the free selenics and the selenium metabolism in the myocardium; the ratio betwen the values of the free selenics and the serum selenics may become a stable indicator of the selenium metabolism; the free selenics in the serum may be where the important mediates of selenium metabolism are.
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se—Met. In the experimental range of concentration, the activities of GSH—px were higher than that of control.